1939-08-04 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, AUGUST 4, 1939.

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Hape

For

M

the

hops for digestion

YEAST

pato fresh Yeant imported from Europe in hermetically sealed containers-adds to the purity and exteBenen el Malaya's test Dre"TIGER." yeast for vitality

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 August 4, 1939

Who Helps Japan?

DURING THE WAR YEARS

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS ago to-day Great Britain do- clared war on Ger. many.

A short time after the war ended the Royal Colonial Instituto commis- sioned Sir Charles Lucas to write a history of the Em- pire at War.

His book, an in- tensely interesting one, was published by the Oxford Uni- versity Press.

Below are a few extracts relating to Hongkong's part in the Great War.

W

IT is easy enough to express

Where do these materials of war come from? From Japan's partners in aggression? From Germany and Italy?

By no means. Last year less than 8 per cent, of Japan's war materials came from Germany. Less than 1 per cent, came from Italy. They supplied more to |China.

.

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO TO-DAY, THIS PROCLAMATION WAS ISSUED

Whereas slate of war exisge tween His Majesty tho King and Gorn

This Proclamation is laued to inforia the inhabitants of Hongkong that Hin

tart the Colony from an atinck by the many in force, and that the defences Bul gardison of the forties make unlikely a raid by

All necessary mauris to defeat sitch a raid are, however, being taken, and the Govern mit trust that the confidence of the jemplo will be shown by their proceeding with their ordinary business as in time of peace.

In the event of hostile versely being sighted, then guns will be fired from the "Taman and the red British ensign will be hoisted on that vessel and at the instead of the dagst

on the Peak, and will be kept hoisted as king as the penny is in sight.;

While this signal remains uistel the public should avoid collecting in thoroughfares and any other action likely to cause excitement or confusion,

* Un the retirement of the erenly the Colonial flag will be hoisted.

war the was Mr. E. 11. Sharp, K.C., was ap- penditure, a sum of over $10 mil WITH the coming of

Volunteer Force was mobilized pointed to inquire whether and to lions, equivalent in sterling to over and the members of the Volunteer what extent, having regard both to £1,035,000.

local condi- Reserve Force were enrolled in it. Imperial needs and to

As soon as war became imminent, tions, it is practicable and expedient

*

practically the entire British male that male British subjects of mill- THERE

various war charities would be

war

military duties,

The parts play. ed by all the Dominions and Colonies are given

Was по doubt that in detail.

community offered their services for lary age, resident in the Colony,

should be allowed to leave for ser- well supported by a cornmunity_at THEN the war came the the Volunteer Reserves.

the Vice

with His Majesty's armies, once wealthy and open-handed. Be- had Before the rumours of Governor of Hongkong was volunteers numbered 330.

and the After sitting for two months the com- fore the end of 1914, £17,000 the late Sir Henry May, whose Volunteer Reserves 181, but before mission recommended the release of been sent to the Prince of Wales' No- which was whole official career, except for the war was a week old the numbers 43 men, their inquiries having already tional Relief Fund, and the total con- closed at the end of 1915, was over some 34 more.

£41,000, were horror at Japan's war on China. rather over a year in the go of the Volunteers had risen to 383 indirectly resulted in the release of tributed to that fund,

They reported that there Owing to the impossibility of en- ernment of Fiji, had been passed and of the Reserves to 318.

Much money was subscribed up to But energy would be better in Hongkong, and whose term rolling, arming, equipping, and train- still men in the Colony who could

they recom- the end of 1915, but no one central spent in finding out why the war of government outlasted the war, ing more men, many candidates were well be spared, and

war charities until in the latter part of that year a und were utilized as Special Con- sory service with the British arinies with a the various goes on at all. Japan is only though he left for Canada, hay- refused admiitance to either corpa mended the introduction of compul- organisation was in existence to deal able to fight China because she ing been summoned there by stables, to replace police seconded in the Beld.

This recommendation, though en- War Charities Fund Committee was telegraph owing to the dangerous for milltary service.

the purpose. The and Nearly 200 Indian Chinese dorsed by the Governor, was not at constituted for

commiltac show is able to buy the materials of illness of his daughter, shortly

by the Home accounts of that police were, when the

began, the time sanctioned war

that for the three years 1910-18 total Cover war from abroad.

before the Armistice, in Septem- fent By the Colonial Government to Government.

In April, 1918, there was renewed subscriptions of $1,410,000

through their ber. 1918, and subsequently re- the military authorities for various

their dissatisfaction on the part of some £200,000) passed signed on 'grounds of ill health. subsidiary

Hongkong was and is an Imperial places being filled as far as possible of the younger men in the Colony at hands, of which over £176,000 were

the dimculties which they experi- remitted to London, When, in a few weeks' time, the enced in obtaining release from their Almost every conceivable charity Naval Station, fortified and carri- by Special Constables. soned, with a strong body of police and a small force of volunteers. In police returned to their civil duties, employers to go to the front; the benelted, however, remolely con- 1914 the Colony was rich and pros- those of the Special Constables who Hongkong General Chamber of Com- nected with the war.

were ineligible for the ranks of the merce recommended that some form Among the beneficiaries the Red perous In a high degree,

the list with nearly On the outbreak of war one of the Volunteer Forces, or who desired to of compulsory military service be- Cross headed

Central Prisoners of first steps taken was to establish a remain with the Police Department, yond the confines of the Colony' £65,000, the

safe War Committee received £10,000, number of Indians, should be adopted, subject to

Sailors cable and postal censorship, and the were, with a

with as Chinese and Portuguese, being Dri- guarding 'essential economic trades. the Blinded Soldiers and censors were confronted

as 24 distinct European and tish subjects, enrolled under a special The Governor supported the recem nearly £15,000, King George's Fund many

ordinance passed on the 22nd of Octo- mendation, it received the approval for Sailors £11,000. Astatic languages.

rx- ber 1014 into a force called the of the Secretary of State with the

The allies were not forgotten, Nu

was difculty however

proviso that only men of pure British

nearly £7,000 being sent to the perienced in finding interpreters and Special Police Reserve.

The commandant was a tocat bar- descent should be taken and in June French Red Cross and, from London. translators, and Sir Charles Ellot, at

Mr. F. C. Jenkin. C.B.E., 1918 a General Military Service

Hongkong Money the time head of the University of rister,

reller. "Our Day"

were These figures come from a

Hongkong, and subsequently British acting under the control of the Cop- Ordinance was passed to provide for to Vladivostok,

the raising of a force the members helped detailed survey of Japan's Ambassador in Japan, gave much as- tain Superintendent of Police,

This force soor numbered 250 men, of which shall be liable to service plentiful in number, fruitful in re- sistance to the work.

Andrew's Day 1018 testified to the sources of supply just compiled

composed of 52 Europeans, 24 Indlans, with Ills Majesty's forces outside the sults, and £10,000 subscribed on St.

and 76 Colany during the present war."

Various by-the-Union-of-Democratic THERE_was_n_considerable German of Portuguese descent,

element in the community, about Chinese--fn-a-short time the num- Prior to the law the number of men strength of the Scottish element in

bers rose to over 500 and eventually resident in Tiongkong who-left-the-this Far Eastern Colony,

Associations did excellent Control.

100 German merchants- their to over 600. Four companies were Colony to join His Majesty's forces ladies'

work, the Hongkong Association of who War workers, Queen Mary's Needle- It is the democratic nations-employees, with an equal number of formed, one a European and Indian was 463, and the number of two residents 76. Of the 51 men women and children.

kinda In accordance with Instructions company, one Portuguese, and

different maxim-gun were released by the tribunal, 12 work Guild, and others, and 105,000 from fame, enemy Reservists found section, il motor-bleycle section, were allowed to go overseas to join tems, garments interests menaced by Japan in in the Colony were arrested and mounted section, and 21 Chinese the armies, and the remalader were surgical dressings and the like were

in ambulance corps.

allotted to various war services by forwarded by a War Charities Store the For East-who, para- detained as prisoners-of-war camp on Stonecutters Island,

The emelent help given by this the Government or, after enrolment, Sub-committee. Large gilts of to- doxically enough, are making There were Arsi Reservists useful body of men to the regular by the milltary authorities, who sent bucco and elgars came from tobacco the 6th Training companies, and Lady Roberta' Field- among the German residents, but n

A Glass Fund received strong support Japan's war possible.

number were arrested on board the police enabled 80 of the European the majority to ships that came into the port during police to be relieved for duty with Battalion at Kirkeo in India. this that says or the Who, and the the British Army in France. Under far as is known, 75 men from Hong- in kind.

an amending ordinance, passed in kong died on active service, and residents included some 20 second 1917, the title

of the force was the distinctions won included 1 D.S.O., IT would perhaps be invidious to the remainder

single out for special mention the Reservisis,

Mention should be made of an nomes of Individuals among exempt from military service owing changed to. that of liongkong Police. M.C.s, and 4 M.M.'s.

Imperini uni specially connected ladies of Hongkong other than that of to the nature of their employment or their age.

which tion with the war. Singapore Mountain Battery, The latter were at first provision. N August, 1917 a Military Service with Hongkong, the Hongkong and Lady May, for their work in connice

Ordinance was passed, under served in the war in Sinai on parole, alty allowed to remain

As President of the Queen Mary's in Palestine.

Needlework Guild and Commandant with restriction of movement in the which all male British subjects

undertaking not to the Colony between the ages of 18

of the V.A.D.s as well as in other were not specially In short, three democratic Colony and on

ledive but soon the necessity for and 55, who Powers supply Japan with no preventing any icakage of informa- exempted, were rendered liable to REARING in mind the cosmopalitan directions, Lady May gave a lead,

character of the population of which was well followed up.

Muny ladies undertook work which a Hongkong Hongkong and that it was in a unique less than 86 per cent. of the ton as to the movements of British military service within the Colony.

merchant-ships entailed the intern- Under this ordinance materials she needs to

ment or deportation of the entire Defence Force was established, which degree a trading community, carrying set tree men for service with the the German communiy, a few hends of included the Volunteer, Corps and the on its lite under abnormal difficulties forces, and others devoted time and China.

firms who were over military age Volunteer Reserve but not the Special and restrictions required by the war, energy to war charities such

Police Reserve, and which consleted the laws passed and the steps taken, supply of comforts for the troops and dc-the raising of funds for the Red being deported under parole,

The Internment took place at the of a company of artillery, a company not only to provide for home end of October, 1914, at a comp ot of engineers, and a battalion of in- fence and internal security in such Cross Society. For such work Mrs. Kowloon, to which the prisoners of fantry, the command being given to manner as to release regular soldiers E. Stabb (now Lady Stabb) and Mrs. material whatever during the war from Stonecutters island were Major H. A. Morgan of the Indian and European police for service at A. D. Hickling were awarded the The investment in war loans by also transferred, and early in 1916 Army. Thus the whole Colony, so the front, but also to tend to the M.B.E. whole period of the war.

and individuals in the all the inmates of the eamp were far a British subjects were con- front every suljehin and able_hndi-d

ot cerned, was organised for home de- civilian who could possibly be spared, companies shipped to Australia.

Colony mounted to 10,000,000,

were invested in No turmoil or breach of the peace fence, and the boys were represent deservo every acknowledgment

No less noteworthy were the money which £177,000 was caused by the presence of the ed by Hongkong volunteer cadets

and

the boy scouts of St. Joseph's contributions made by the Colony as United States War Loans. German element in the Colony.

a unit of the Empire in old of the An appreciable proportion of the College.

expenditure of the war, and the sub- money thus invested was through the eltizens of the agency of the Hongkong and South

Kind to Colony in money or

war China War Savings Association.

"REGENT" Model particularly the ones with big

(FULL SIZED UPRIGHT)

IN MODERNISTIC DESIGN

$425,00

INSTALLED

IN

PAYMENT OF A

MOUTRIE'S

YOUR

The United States last year supplied Japan with 67 per cent. of her war needs.

The British Empire supplied her with 20% The Dutch Empiro per cent, with 8 per cent.

HOME ON

SMALL DEPOSIT

YORK BUILDING

CHATER RD.

司公空航亜歐

has supplied Japan with no war

FREIGHT for

KWEILIN & CHUNGKING

will be shipped by

THE FIRST PLANE

GOING OUT

· EURASIA AVIATION CORPORATION

Hongkong Office.

King's Bid., 4th Flr. Tel. 25552, 25553.

fight

By way of contrast, Russia

·

The lesson of these figures is clear. They answer the people who say there is nothing we can do."

democratic

and

Chinese. There was

being

Reserve..

•

*

*

*

*

*

non-

and

*

•

the

[UDGED by revenue returns, Hong- kong prospered imazingly during

the the war.

FROM the Arst, we are told in the

Annual Report for 1914, "the MEANWHILE, there had been an scriptions by the

exodus of young Britons to charlies. com- It is within the power of the entire community showed a

mendable spirit." Wild rumours serve at the front, and the Colonial countries-particu-were, it is true, at first disseminated Government had found money to pay TN 1010 an ordinance was passed larly the United States and the among the Chinese population, within the passages of recruits for the Bri- to raise a war loan up to

for the lsh Army not only from the Colony

In 1014, in spite of the initial effect 40,000 and 50,000 Chinese, British Empire-to stop the war most part women and children, filed Rself, but also from other places in amount of $3 millions by the issue

to the neighbouring province of the Far East. The Annual reports of bonds in the Colony. The sum of the war, almost universally reflect- lin China,

China, but in no long time they were tell us that up to the end of 1914 thus raised was to be placed at the ed in decline of receipts, the revenue A ban on the sale of war reassured and returned. Meanwhile seven local residents of the Colony disposal of His Majesty's Government was larger than ever before, and ot the Chinese residents in the Colony left to take commissions as affecra for the prosecution of the present the end of the year there was an am- ple surplus in the Colonial Treasury. The surplus was converted into a materials would hamstring as a whole were conspicuous in pub- and 37 to enlist in the ranks, while war."

lle spirit, at once offering to enrol from outside the Colony two went In the following year, 1917, another

who were to take commissions and 10 to enlist, ordinance was passed to provide for defclt in 1915, but only through Japan. Neither Germany nor those of their members

British subjects as volunteers or and that by the end of 1915, 133 had a temporary increase in the rates for very large increase of extraordinary Italy could rescue her.

Special Constables, and to subscribe left Hongkong to join up in England the special purpose of increasing the expenditure in that year due

of whom 62 had been members of contributions of the Colony to His charging to current account much ex~ Public opinion will do well to to war funds.

Majesty's Government towards the penditure on railway construction The freedom of the port was neces- the Volunteer Corps,

whleh In normal times would have Among the younger men of the exnenses of the present war.” take these figures to heart. It'sarily restricted on the outbreak of

This special war rate amounted to boen met by loan. The revenue of Is not enough to be horrified at war, and soon after hostilities began European community who remained

n system of issuing permits for alt behind there was growing discontent 7 per cent, and it was levied for two 1918 showed a further increase, that of 1918 a very great increase, and We must Imports and exports was instituted, ns the war went on. It was felt that years from the 1st of July 1817. the war in Chinn.

From the money neeruing under the figures much more than double with the object of controlling the in many instances they realise that the war is only con- movement of prohibited goods and spared by their employers for service liese two laws and from surplus re- that of 1913. This result was not venues the Colony handed over in all appreciably due to increased taxation.

2 PLEASE Tum To Page 5. tinuing by the kind permission preventing trade with the

Accordingly, early in 1917, a com- to the Imperial Government, as This system was maintained until the

thission, tho Chaleman of which free' contribution in ald of war ex- end. of Britain and America.

chemy, in the Beld.

could be

D

to