1939-07-19 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG Telegraph, WEDNESDAY, JULY 19, 1999,

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all material necessary for forming correct judgments on the Far Eastern situation and embodies all important documents and statistics of the year..

Among the 25 subjects dealt with by Foreign and Chinese experts are the following-

Sino-Japanese Hostillies (Documented)

Who's Who in China

Japan's Programme of Economic Developinent in China Communications during the Hostilities

Shanghai and Other Foreign Concessions

The Refugee Problem in China

Foreign Trade in China during 1930

Finance and Currency (including war measures)

The Kuomintang and the Government

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Mr. and Mrs. A. F. Ferreira and Family wish to thank all relatives and friends for their Kind expressions of sympathy, flowers and attendance at the funeral in their bereavement,

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 July 19, 1939

Arms Profits

SOME at least of the lessons of

the Great War have not been forgotten. One after another, restrictions then found necessary are returning to a new period of life.

Excessive profit on the making of armaments might have pass- ed without particular notice [during normal times, but in the present phase of our existence, when so many 'millions of money are being absorbed annually by the war god, it is essential that the-national-necessity should not he exploited unduly for private gain.

of

The equitable taxation armament profits is a very com- pliccted matter, likely to cause much worry to the Chancellor of the Exchequer and his collabora- tors, but it seems, from the details given in the White Paper published last week, that the Government is attacking the a reasonable way. problem in The firms directly concerned in the proposed new impost are not likely to show much enthusiasm for it, but their feelings will not weigh much with the general public!

even

Despite the present extent of the expenditure on armaments, the Government's most unrelenting and ingenious critics have had singularly little to say about the country's not getting value for its money. This, it is to be hoped, justifies the assump- tion that there are no "scandals" such as came to be associated with armaments expenditure during the Great War. In the stress of that struggle, money had to be spent with often inadequate supervision.

In peace time a much more elaborate and effective system of checks is possible. The Govern ment is well aware of its duty

APATHY

T

White with

THE STRONGEST PARTY

ASTON ABBEY, DIVISION NORTH SOUTHWARK ELECTIONS

VOTERS 43,000

MON-VOTERS 71,000

Admirals All!

HE man who is to become First Sen Lord

in place of Admiral Sir Roger Backhouse has, during the last four years. borne a greater load of res- any other ponsibility than officer of the Royal Navy.

For four years the Mediter- ranean has been the cockpit of Europe, and hardly a month has passed in which a threat of general European war has not arisen int that area.

Admiral Sir Dudley Pound, the new

First Sen Lord, was due to be- come

Commauder-in Chief in the

Mediterranean in 1935, in succes-

He

by Lt.-Commander- KENNETH EDWARDS, R.N.

the distinguished writer on Naval matters

The of the Mediterranean Fleet. Eastern Mediterranean crisis was then simmering down, but there was no return to normal peacelime activities for the Mediterranean Fleet.

There was civil war in Palestine, and civil war broke out very soon afterwards in Spain. Ships were bombed from the air. machine-

submarines.

ཐསཙ་

sion to Admiral Sir Wilam Fisher, gunned. mined, and attacked by

went out to the Mediterranean to take over the new duties, and then there arose the Eastern Medi- the crisis terrancan

following Italo-Abyssinian dispute.

In the circumstances a change in Commanders-in-Chief at that moment was thought unwise. So for Sir Dudley Pound served several months as Chief of Staff to the man whom he should have relieved.

*

The load of responsibility which was borne by eentor naval officers In the Mediterranean at that time was shown by the sudden Bir tragic drath

Admiral William Fisher soon after he had turned over the Mediterrancan Command-to-Admiral-Sir-Dudley Pound and returned home.

It was in March, 1935, that Sir Dudley Pound took over command

In every ense the responsibility for Inter- preting the Government's peller on the spot rested on Sir Dudley.

The Admiralty does not inter- fere with the Naval Commanders- in-Chief. They are kept Informed of the general principles of policy which may be involved, and they are given advice if they ask for it. They are, however, the men on the spot, and the Admiralty trusts them to do the right thing at the right line.

Rather above average height, grey-haired and with a weather- beaten face it by a pair of plere- ing eyes, Admiral Sir Dudley Pound is not without his enemies.

From 1032 to 1035 Sir Dudley Pound was Second Ben Lord and Chief of the Naval Personnel at the Admiralty. This-was-a-period during which the full effects of many years of disarmament were

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being felt in the officer ranks of the Royal Navy.

for

ended

were.

cir.

the

Admiral Found was responsible

the necessary

weeding-out promotions process and such

IL W15 as there

which

made cumstance weeding-out process far larger than the promotions, but a large number

their of officers and friends blamed Admiral Pound for their carcers were fact the that

unexpectedly.

unpopularity as he gained in certain quarters was inevit- able. He was not concerned with the private lives of officers, nor with the question of whether or not an officer was capable of up- holding the honour of the Navy in sport, games, or social activities. He was concerned solely with the fighting efficiency of the Navy- goal which he pursued energetic- ally and ruthlessly.

*

1

✩

Civil

servant. The Admiralty Secretariat is one of the many paradoxes which are to be found in Whitehall, It is manned by civilians concerned entirely with naval matters, yet its official title 13" Military Branch"

The Naval Staff has six branches the Naval Intelligence Division, the Plana Division, the Operations Division, Training and Staff Duties Division, Naval Air Division, and Tactical Division.

The titles of most of these divi- slons of Naval Staff are self- explanatory. It is worth noting, however, that the Plans Division is not only concerned with war plans, but with plans for the de- tence of maritimo trade: both the Tactical and Training of Staff Dutica Divisions are concensed with exercises carried out by the Fleet while Operations 1s cerned with the movements of ships from place to place.

*

★ *

con-

There are nearly twenty other departments in the Admiralty, varying from Education and Pay to Torpedoes, Mines, and the Pro- All of these duction of Charts. departments come under one or of the members of the other Board.

Such important departments as that of the Engineer-in-Chief, the Contracts Department and Naval Ordnance and Equipment come under the Third Sea Lord and

is really

tech- the Controller, who

Having been Second Sca Lord, Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff, and Director of the Plans Division of the Admiralty, Sir Dudley Pound knows Whitehall thoroughly. Moreover, he had political experi ence when he was the Admiraltynical-head-of-tho-Admiralty re- the com- sponsible not only far representative to the League of

position of Building Programmes. Nations.

but for the designs of various

in ships included

those pro- Brammes.

is not the Prime Minister in Cabinet who decides upon the disposition of the British Navy:

Sir Dudley Pound as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Stair will be the professional head of the Admiralty.

The Admiralty really consists of Board of

"Commissioners for Executing

a

the Office of Lord High Admiral," under which work six Divisions of the Naval Staff, and

number of departments.

There are ten members of the Board of Admiralty. The political alde is represented by the First and Lord. the Parliamentary Financial Secretary, and the Civil Lord, who administers the Civi

all Stan and is responsible for works and bulidings.

The professional side of the Board of Admirally consists of the First Sea Lord, who is also Chlef of the Naval Staff; the Becond Sea Lord, who is Chief of the Naval Personnel; the Third Sea Lord and Controller: the Fourth Sea Lord, who is Chief of Supplies and Transport; and the Fifth Sea Lord, and Chic

of the Naval Air Ser- Chief

the Deputy

Deputy Chief of vices; and the the Naval Staff, who is the Firat Bea Lord's deputy and is particu- larly concerned with questions of Intelligence, Plans and Operations. The tenth member of the Board is the Permanent Secretary-a

Holiday Makers See Water Spout

There is a Committee of Imperial Defence, which is for ever examin- ing the strategical problems in- volved by the following of any particular policy in

policy in any particular part of the world.

To-day, the lines of policy are fairly well defined. A few years ago, however, when the Admiralty

was for ever struggling to obtain more money from the Treasury. It was almost a commonplace for the Admiralty, on being asked to dis- in order strength pose of its to carry out a certain policy. to spread out its hands and ex-

regretfully that plain

it had neither the ships nor the men, but if the Treasury could be prevailed to supply the deficiencies the Admiralty

part, would be on its only too glad to further the Government's policy.

Rearmament has banished the lean years. Admiral Bir Dudley

Pound's task will be the easier on this account. The world situation. however, makes the task of the Firat Bea Lord an unenviable one for, bohind the scenes, it is upon of his advice and pasenament strength that the decision of peaco or war very largely depends.)

Labour Shortage In Germany

London. The continued labour shortage in

London than gooft. A waterspout more high, and a whirlwind corkscrewing out of the clouds with a rar-like Germany is made evident by the that of an express train, occurred labour exchange figures for May, during a thunderstorm which swept now published. For 1,744,000 vacan- parts of Lancashire recently. Thou- cles in that month there were no sands of holiday-makers, who had more than 987,000 applicants 184,000 hurried to shelter saw a dark funnel- fewer than in April. At the end of The May there were still 782,000 vacan- Claveland, O. like cloud sink to the water, William Smith, 40, lent a friend funnel grew longer until it was nearly cleg unfled, 5,000 more ihon at the

the shore, old Relch vacaricies unfilled to the taxpayer. It is. also strange attentions on their pets, and

tower, racing, towards this is the case of Minnie, the pet cat $1.50 and took a rifle as security. To twice the height of Blackpool's 480ft, end of the previous month. In the mindful of, how closely its of the Queen's hotel. Ever so often try it out, Smith pointed the gun at a crashed on to the promenade near the twied as many as at the end of April. than applicants, the 2-year-old son), Ernest damage was done. In Manchester of numerous handling of this question of Minnie Is taken to the movies. Now packing box and pulled the trigger. Cenital Pier and broke up. No In Austria, too, vacmeles were more

she seems to know the stars by sight Smith's armament profits affects its own and has apparenty picked out her crawled out of the box, shot through tram was struck by lightning and former numbering at the end of May and the hand and chock, but not injured hundreds of telephones were put out 00,000 while there were only 60,000 Templo

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