1939-05-30 — Page 18

THE HONGKONGO TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, MAY 30, 10 30.

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The

Hongkong Telegraphı.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 May 30, 1939

British Penal Reform

PROGRESS in criminal justice

alms at securing the maximum

130

of protection for society with the maximum of humanity in the treat- ment of criminals. The law longer seeks retribution. Nur dues if only aim at deterrence. It must

in constantly have

mindl

1x0 prevention and cure. There is now available a long history of reform and experiment in penology. Upon this is based the Criminal Justico bill which Sir Samuel Hoare, the British Home Secretary, introduced into the House of Commons,

It makes important changes in the method of dealing with offen- ders, and especially the younger criminal among them. "Once a always a criminal" has been too often the experience of the past. The young offender has become worse by association with other criminals, and the difficulty of mink- ing good when he comes out of prison has sent him back again to crime. Much has already heen done for juveniles and young persons, but very much remains to be done. One of the great objects of this Act is to keep young offend- ers out of prison and to provide alternative methods of dealing with them.

Persons between seventeen and twenty-three years of age await- ing trial are to be sent to remand contres, Instead of to prison, and remand homes are to be establish- ed where unruly children under seventeen can be kept under obser. vation. Offenders between six- teen and twenty-one who are not dermed to need severe training may be sent to disciplinary hostels known as Howard Houses whence they will be allowed to go out to ordinary employment.

UR

waja yay

SANAKA

troubled world gropes round for a way out of its dimeultjes.

One way out—and a starlling one-is suggested by an American Journalist, Clar- ence K. Strelt, in a book which has made a great stir in America and is now beginning to make one over here.

He calls his book "Union Now,"* and he is a man quite worth Jistening to because he was from 1929 unti qulle recently the cor- respondent of the New York Times In Geneva, watching the League of Nations at work.

He has spent five years prepar- ing this book and has written it all through four times over. Ho fought in the Great War, and afterwards went to Oxford ns & Rhodes Scholar. He is 43,

His plan is going to be talked about quite a lot. So it will be just as well for you to have it quite straight in your head from the be- ginning. It is this:-

The world's fifteen leading de- mocracles ought to unite together into one super-State-Just, ag all the different American States joined together into the "United States in 1789.

THESE fifteen-would- be: Britain, United States, France. Belgium. Holland, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Eire, South Africa, New Zealand, Aus- tralia and Canada,

This super-State would be called the Union of the Free." Its Gov- ernment would have five jobs: 1. Making

common B

citizenship. Everyone would have the same pass port.

2. Keeping a Unien army, navy and air force. Running foreign policy. Making war and "peace,

3. Fixing up "Free Trade" all over the Union and managing trade willi foreigners

4. Issuing one form of money for the whole Union (There would be no more chillings or dollars or francs, but a common coln, probably to be called A "gramor."}"

5. Running one big transport plan. A penny-halfpenny stamp would take a letter be any part of the Union,)

All other matters except these five-such as education, police, health, unemployment, and EO oh-would go on being managed by the present Governments of the

Schools' Art Shames R.A.s

Schoolgirls have put to shame the art of once-famous R.A.s, say the ex-

Old and hardened offenders are a legacy of the less onlightened, i treatment of crimuals in the past. The aim to-day is to provent the recruitment of this class of cases to take the criminal when he is young and give him a chance to make good. Imprisonment and discipline cannot be dispensed with, since law-abiding, citizens must be protected. But the prob- lem can be approached not only in a more humane but also in a more, methodical way.

Nor does reform rest only on the provisions of the law or the administration of prisons and other State institutions. Much 'also depends on public opinion, on the attitude of the mass of citizens to the unfortunates who have drifted into crime. If socioty is willing to give another chance of employment and tolerable living to the man who has been convicted of an offence he will be less likely to rovert, to crime. In the last

resort the criminal Inw itself and the prospect of criminal reform depends on the conscience and attitude of the whole community.

perts at the Jubilee Exhibition of the Royal Drawing Society.

Guildhall, are said to be "alive with Their paintings, now on view in the the spirit of movement," whereas

those of such masters as Sir John Millals, which hang on the walls of the Guildhall, are now considered "dull and stationary.”

The four paintings of horses which have won the President's prize for 15-year-old Deva Cayzer, daughter of Sir Charles Cayzer, M.P., have it single line or a small blot to represent a hoof, or no hooves at all. Her Jockeys' caps are a pink-smudge, their faces and hands non-existent.

And yet modern experts · consider her paintings masterly, truer to the rhythm and poetry of action than a

photograph.

CONFIRMATION SERVICE

At 7.30 ním,, yesterday, 170 young people were presented for confirma tion at the Roman Catholic Cathe deal, to Bishop H. Vallorta.

ANTI PROPAGANDA

POLISH

ނ

A SMELL OF BURNING

Is

this

the

Fifteen nations

in a

Union of the Free

way out?

BY WILL SHEBBEARE

Afteen countries. A Parliament would govern the Union. There would be a House of Deputies whi one M.P. for overy million inhabi- tants.

This would give Britain 47 M.P.S, United States 126,"France 42, Canada 11, Holland and Belgium B cach, and so on.

M.P.8 would be elected every three years. They would have to be at least 25 years old.

There would also be a Senate or Upper House. It would be there to see that the small countries were not bullied by the big ones.

seats in the Benate-except that Each country would have two

Britain and France would have four cach and the United States would have 10. The smaller countries would be in a majority. Senators would have to be over 30 years of age, and would be elected for eight years,

FOR the most part Mr. Streit has made this much Constitution as

like the American Constitution as possible. But there would be no President of the Union of the Free. Instead there would be a Board of Five. Members of it would have to be over 35, and one would be elected each year to take the place of one retiring member, To be

come law a Bill would have to be passed by the Deputies, the Senators and a majority of the Board of Five.

any case other democracies (de- mocracies, note, not dictator- ships) would be allowed to come in once the plan got going.

Mr. Streit thinks the advantages of membership would be so great that there would soon be a long queue waiting to come in. It would help to reduce the number of dic- tatorships.

He picks on his fifteen for the following reasons:-

"Language divides them into only five ble groups, and for all practical purposes into only two, English and French.

Their combined citizenry of nearly 300,000,000 la well-balanced- -half in Europe and half overseas. Together these fifteen own al-

The Board would delegate 蝨 great deal of its power to a Prime_most_half_the_earth, rule: all its Minister and Cabinet.

Thero would be a High Court to settle all the legal troubles of the Union.

UNDER the big central Parliament, tho ordin- ary

Parliamenta .or the Afteen countries would carry on very much as they do now. France, United States. Finland and Switzerland would-be allowed to keep their Presidents. The rest would keep their Kings and Queens.

Britain would be expected to hand over her colonies (includ- ing India), to be governed by the Union. So would France. Thero is nothing to complain about in this, says Clarence K. Strelt, bs- cause America would also be making her sacrifices for the Union, such as handing over her big gold reservo to the Union treasury.

Why only fifteen democracies? you may ask; why not ten or seventeen or twenty-eight?

Clarence K. Streit thinks that the number 'might be changed. In

GRIN AND BEAR IT JOTOM

By Lichty

Chciał Pools Prodmaka, tot.

“I'm not interested in the price!" How much in the first

Payment?"

oceans, govern nearly half man- kind.

"They do two-thirds of the world's trade, and most of this would be called their domestic trade once they united, for it 18. among themacives.

"They possess practically all the world's gold and banked wealth.

"Their existing armed strength is such that once they united it they could radically reduce their armaments.

"The facts are: Fifteen de- mocracies together practically own this earth, and they do not know it. Each of these democracies was made to secure precisely the same object, the freedom of man, and they all forget it."

MOST people, says Mr. Streft, think it enough for these fifteen demo- pracies to get together in a League. But Leagues are no good, he argues. Ono little State can spike any proposal, however good, by rofusing to agrço.

But in a Union the States them-- solves do not count. Everything is decided by a majority vote of all. the citizens.

How are we to get Union? "The way not to get it," he says, "is to: think, "'This Iden of Union is all right, and I'm for it. But what's. the use of my doing anything about it?

He wants to form ↑ World Unionist Party to campaign for the Idea. All people who bellove in Union in the fteen democracies. aught to meet for a great confer- ence to thrash out a programme.

He wants a "postcard plebiscito." He suggests that Union men abould write a postcard every day for a week to their M.P, or Me, Cham- berlain or President. Læbrún, or someone cisa, of-importance tell- ing them to get busy on founding: n. Unton.

He thinks that President Roose-- velt could call a conference of all the fifteen Governments to discuss quch a Union; and that it would ho'dimcult for any Government to rofuse such an invitation.

Well, there la the Streit pian... put baldly, with neither. – praise - nor blame. What do you make of.

tp.

Published by Jonathan-Cape,