1939-05-20 — Page 8

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H

MADRID

CITY OF HEROES

the

ISTORY has no more were poured into Spain from splendid picture of Italy and Germany; and in February, 1987, a new attack courage and en-

was made, this time on durance in the name of south-east, Here the invader freedom than the picture was checked at the battle of painted for the world in Jarama, in which 400 British They're no longer necessary when blood and human lives by members of the International

Brigade were killed, the men and women of Madrid.

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Hongkong Telegraphı.

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 May 20, 1939

Wr

Victor

WITH THE. entry of General Franco's troops into Madrid In triumphal procession yesterday, one of the world's most devastating civil wars and a historic alege

came to an official end.

:

Meanwhile the daily air-raids which had wrecked a quarter of Months-starved, bombed, shell women walking in queues for For two years and eight the city were called off. By day ed and forsaken by their friends sugar and milk had been in the name of non-intervention machine-gunned from low-flying they struggled to preserve planes; by night the steel. the liberties we take as a matter framed Telefonica (the sky- the tele- scraper that housed The triumphal march General Franco's polyglot forces the shook of high explosive, and of phone exchange) har reeled with through the city yesterday civilian homes had been crushed marks the end of thle struggle, like matchwood.

But it cannot mean the end of

Its effect upon the world's con- gun. Gince Russian planes had'

By March the shelling had be

science.

arrived and Spaniards had learn- ed to fly them, shelling Was

HERE is the tale of thought more prudent.

Madrid since Franco's siege in earnest. Order had Madrid was now a city under army of Moors, Spanish and foreign legionaries, swept up to the gates of the elty from the west and south-west on Novem- ber 4, 1936-four months after

By Denis

the revolt of the rebel leaders. Weaver of Madrid had watched the For four months the people

клету

nearer.

driving nearer and The Telefonico,

Village after village

fell, its untrained and ill-equipp ed defenders, clad in blue over- alls and carrying rifles without ammunition, falling back in be- wildored confusion.

The

The cry of "The Moors! Moors!" was raised in the suburbs; the Government pack. ed and fled; the city was about to fall. France's officers tele- phoned restaurants in Madrid, ordering luncheon for the follow- ing day.

The long months in which Madrid had defied the nasaults of traitor and invader, of European and Moor, will stand out to the eternal glory luncheon. While they dallied, But they did not eat that of the Madrilenos and to the lasting the first battalions of the Inter- shame of the Western democracies.national Brigade were marching

Madrid's only skyscraper

It was the Madrilenos of 1808 into the city from the other side. been restored. Lights. who led the revolt on a famous Durrull's corps of Spanish an- dimmed at 8 at night and off not be driven out."

were dug in near Trijueque and would May 2 against Napoleon's archista, who had reached Mad- cials still patrolled the streets, The Italian debacle began. By tyranny; and the Madrilenos of rid from Catalonia a few hours in search of traitors. But mob

blown over Madrid by the wind from the Sierras.

Madrid's next enemy was the cold. All through the winters of 1937 and 1938 there was no fuel, and food was shortor than Over. The dearth of cats had long been a grim joke; now there was a scarcity even of dried fish and beans.

It was a dreadful winter, yet across the, main streets, in the Alcala and in the battered Puerto del Sol, banners were-be--- ing strung: "Madrid, nuestro Madrid, ejemplo al mundo!" (Madrid, our Madrid, the world's example).

All this time the. enemy had beon entrenched in the western suburbs. Fifteen thousand shells had fallon on the city, killing 5,- 000. civilians, wounding 10,000. In the Telefonica alone were 250 shell holes. Butter, eggs, coffee, fish,freshment had long been memories. The shortage of vital foods had caused wide- spread tuberculosis,

*

SINCE then the tale of

Madrid has been one.

of grim endurance while the rest of Spain felt Franco's hammer blows, of tightening of belts and -how strange it sounds-re- organisation of civillan life, re- opening of schools, improvement of hospitals and rebuilding of shattered homes.

1

But, the nerves had been stretched too far. Beneath the surface dissension had appeared. After the fall of Barcelona party of anti-Government ele- ments, led by Colonel Casado, re- volted against Dr. Negrin, who fled; and a National Defence Council was created for the pur- pose of negotiating a surrender. On March 7 last those who wish- ed to continue the war, rose against the Council; and there

tinued resistance. was street fighting for a week on the issue of for or against con- The resisters held strong posi-

I

1936 showed that they were not a before, led the daali to the barri- rule was ended and there were the following day it was a rout. whit behind their ancestors of the cades, General Minja thundered no more dally executions in the At Brihuega was fought one of tions in the north-east and south- Dod do Mays in their love of liber- an order for "No retreat," and park. One became accustomed the major battles of the war, of the city, at the old racecourse the attack was held-success- to a sudden challenge in the and in the next 24 hours the and in the Atocha station. For

ty.

For nearly two years and a half fully. they endured appalling privations rather than yield to the foreign- aided forces without the gates. OUTSIDE Madrid

General Varela had

darkness, the flash of an electric Italians were swept back twelve some days they hold out in the torch and the gleam of a revol miles. I saw their equipment Telefonica, the Ministry of ver barrel while one's papers rifles, gas masks, ammunition, Marine and the Central Post were examined.

cloaks, boots and even trousers Office. Gasado drove them out -strewn at the road-side in with trench what must have been the biggest grenades and machine-guns, and mortars, hand SIX of Madrid's main blow to Italian military pride the sequel was yesterday's

roads out of the city since Caporetto.

march.

was

They suffered, as the people of Dorry and Calais suffered, the tanks and plance and guns and gnawing pains of hunger and the trained men. Many of the de- grim ravages of disease; and they line and snatched rifles from the had been cut. The front

fenders went unarmed into the had to endure what the people of hands of their dead comrades. ten minutes' walk from the Derry and Calais never know-tor Behind them in the streets of Town Hall, itself pitted with ture and destruction from the air.

ONCE more Madrid was the city the women were shak- bullet holes. Firing shook loose

I should be noted that Extremity ferced them to yielding their flats at the rebel bom shutters in one's bedroom at the

saved and this time

not once during the They have lost none of the admira-pers and raising frenzied cries night and new shell holes ap Franco turned his attention to upon to quell even, the slightest respite was a long one. siege was the Government called tion of the world in so doing. The of defiance: "No Pasaran."" peared each morning in the main the Basque country and Madrid sign of revolt against hunger world's acorn will be reserved en-

Trenches were dug, stone bar- streets.

began an offensive tirely for the breakers of treaties riers raised from the granite

on its own and hardship. The one revolt Then, with a reassuring army account. A push was made to inside the city was against the and pacts and for the insiplence of setts of the street, the Junta of of, Italian "volunteers" at his the west, the scene of the first men who wanted to throw in the statcamen who, professing the name Defence was formed and the back, Franco thrust again, down defeats; and at Brunote a great people's hand. of democracy, abandoned de-open city was transformed into the Guadalajara road from-the battle was fought in midsummer Now it is ended. But the mocracy to a fate it did not deserve. a fortress.

north-east. For six days they by two armies stripped to the Madrilenos who held the attack Faced with this unexpected advanced unchecked until, with waist in the blazing Spanish sun, through theso long months, of resistance Franco called for help. in a few miles of Guadalajara The streams ran with blood, and siege remain unconquered in Reinforcements of men and arms itself, the Thaelmann Battalion the stench of dead bodies was their hearts.

In allowing his troops to partici- pate in the Madrid victory parade, Signor Mussolini clearly indicates

to the Democracies that Franco's victory was not a victory by the will of the majority of the Spanish people, but a victory of a dictatorial minority aided by outsiders.

Indeed, both Herr Hitler and Signor. Mussolini, despite the fact that they solemnly subscribed to the Non-Intervention Agreement, havo mado no secret of the fact that they would tolerate no outcome to the civil war savo a victory for Franco.

Without their aid the rebellion would never, in all probability, have broken out. Without them, it would with complete certainty not. havo ended in a victory parado in which Franco took the salute in Madrid, Without them, Spain would have been at peace within six months, a peaceful and happy de- mocracy. Instead, Frunco's troons parade through a city that is torn and shattered. They colebrate the bondage of a nation of war ceme- teries, of ruined towns. of bitter- ness, hate and sorrow. That is Franco's triumph.

Thero remains but one thing to, sny before closing the chapter in history marked “Spain's Civil War.” That is to salute the moving hero- lam of the Spanish democrats. Their men have given their lives, their women havo endured hunger and terror, In a superbly brave effort to save themselves... and Europe from a brutal and evil thing.

GRIN AND BEAR IT

CHILDREN'S "LET'S PRETEND”

By Lichty

İSOM

“Go ahead laugh! But since you've become a candid.

camera fiend, wo never get invitad anywhero!"

COME children have unusual ways[sho looked as if she would be the

of amusing themselves. For a better for some hair restorer. long time "funerals" was one of the

A little boy whom I knew was very favourite games of a little girl friend found of pretending he was a minis- of mine. A cushion on which roses ter, and was always WETE AOWN Was always used as a vices."

holding #ser One of his brothers acted as wreath, and it had a piece of paper beadle, and the other members of the pinned on, with the words "In loving family as the congregation." A memory. Plants were then placed chair turned on its side and a stool right round the "grave."

Look the pince of a pulping with and the Cemeteries had a great fascination "service" was gone for this little girl. It was only with hymns, psalms, sermon, and prayers. difficulty her mother got her to pass Wo had visions of his belag a real one by without going in to see it, so minister when he grew up, but at one I suppose that's what gave her the of the "services" he thought he was notion to herself in such a saying his night proyers, and after the "amen" he said "Good-night, she had her tonsils token out mummie." So, of course, that made forgot about the funerals, and the

sho

operations then became her favourite the congregation" burst out laugh pastime. Her doll was continually His fealings were so much hurt that having her tonsils removed, a couch no amount of persuasion would ever

being

used as the operating table. A make him play again at being a formidable array of instruments,

cluding a bread saw, a screwdriver.

a tin opener, a corkscrew, and a pair of pincers, were all laid out in read- Inges. on a chair, d

The tonsils seemed to grow vary quickly gain, judging by the number of times the operation had to be per- formed, but eventually a cure was effected, we

minister.

M. K

Namesake Inherits

Dedham, Mass. The late James B. Foley of Her wooden horte, which was call- Randolph left only $3 to his missing ed Besale, then came in for a great namesake son. The will, allowed in deal of

attentions. When Bosals was probate court here, stipulates, To new she had a long, tall and mano, my son who left my bed and board but, poor thing, aho was taken so some time ago and whose where- many timor, to the "hairdresser to Fabouts is "unknown, so na hic full Thave thein, bobbed that after a while. share of whatever property I leave."