1939-03-16 — Page 6

"THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, MARCH 16, 1930.

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The

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Wyndham St., Hongkong |

'Phone 26615 March 16, 1939

Map Makers

THE FULL RESULTS of what

happened at Munich are now manifest. Thoy confirm fears ex- the time. Czecho- pressed at Slovakia is now what Hitler set out to make it-part of the Greater

Reich.

GERMANY

WARSAW

POLAND

| CZECHOSLOVAKIA,

HUNGARY

JUGO SLAVIA

U

RUMANIA

RUSSIA

CHUST

Village all Europe

is watching

there are

But then came the defeat of Ger-

A complete military and political organisation was built up, Omeers and men were given uniforms. These resemble the German storm- troop uniforms, but are grey-blue in colour Instead of brown. The Ukrainian stormtroops are called Slezy Guards (Sharp-shooters).

For years Zielinski has carried on his work, building up this organisa- tlon. At first he worked in secret, because Germany and Poland were supposed to be on good terms with one another."

Now he has came out in the open with his men. They were put to om- clal use for the first time after the Munich agreement: in Carpatho- Ukraine Slezy Guards do police duty to-day.

Now you see why Hitler has insisted on an autonomous Ukrainian State. Chust is to be the spring-board of future Ukrainian developments. Zielinski has moved his Central Com- to Chust. Supported and

pin

Schwartzbard died in Cape Town need from Germany, he is the

many and Austria in the Great War. last March,

The memory of Petljura's rule is still horrible in the Ukraine.

Bessarabin

NTIL a few months

chosen 10 lend the That was how Petijura came to out man ago Chust was just a Skoropatiski had to make way for a

But his iden of an independent Ukrainian movement. mountain village. new Hetman more friendly with the end.

Entente Powers. The new Hetman Ukraine came to an end long before. He takes his order from Hitler. There was no real desire for inde- And Hitler, following his old practice, Now it is Europe's newest was Pelljura the Terrible.

Petilura started off in a big way. pendence among the Ukrainians. has appointed a Commissioner for the

The Soviels were able to recon- Ukraine with headquarters in Berlin.. In a prockumation he announced the Capital, and its handful of broken-down victorias union of the Russian Ukraine with quer the old Russian province of He Nikola Suschko, a former oMeer there are no such things as been part of the Austrian Empire. Western Ukraine to the new Polish

the "Western Ukrainians" who had Ukraine. The peace treatles gove in Pelljura's army.

What is the point of the Berlin taxis-are working over- His proclamation included in the new State,

and Bukovina Bureau? and of the Central Com- time carrying all sorts of Ukrainian State part of Galicia, went to flumana; and Carpatho- mittee in Chust? What does Hitler

Bukovina, Bessarabia and Carpatho- Russia, formerly a part of Hungary, want them to do? imposing personages Russi

went to Czecho-Slovakin.

For the time being terrorist bands So five countries got their share of are being organised and armed. through the muddy streets.

Petljura's Ukrainian dream State: These bands are raiding Polish and As a persecutor of the Jews he Russia, Poland, Czecho-Slovakia, Ru- Russian territory. dwarfed Hitler and Julius Stretcher. mantu and Hungary.

Already several battles have taken As the head of his Cossucks he har Everything might have settled place. The flags corried by the bands ussed the Jewish villages of the down if the Ukraine had not become are blue and gold, like the ones that Ukraine, urging his troops to ever one of the chief objects of Hitler's fly above Zielinski's office,

expansionist plans.

Emissaries of Zielinski stir up greater excesses.

Hitler backs the idea of an inde- trouble in the Ukrainian parts of Later, Pelljun paid for his crimes. Long after his dreams of a Great pendent Ukrainian State, because in Foland

goading on the people Uleraine had evaporated into the air, that way he would deprive Russia of demand autonomy for the Polish he lived in Paris, an exile. There, her richest territory, and divide up Ukraine.

and subjugated Czecho-

The Polish authorities are fighting in 1926, he was seen in the street, Poland

the terrorists, but the story of Austria- shot and killed by-n-Palish-Jewish-Slovakia:

He is using old and approved Nazi and the Sudetenland shows how pact named Shalom Schwarizbard.

Schwartzbard WALA remarkable methods to achieve this end. He diflcult it is to stamp out sucli move- Of the newcomers to the village, fellow. Originally a watchmaker, he found there were sull A Lew ments. The Siezy Guards stick to the two stand out. They are the Con- left his native town of Smolensk in Ukrainians dreaming of their own tactics used by the illegal stormtroops suls-general of Germany and Italy Poland as a young man and went to State. It was not difficult to organise in all the countries where Hitler has sent there when, after Munich, Chust France. He fought in the French them into an efficient body.

planted them. became the capital of the new auto- Army during the War. nomous province of Carpatho- But in 1917 he left France and Hitler's Real Object is now Carpatho-Ukraine was once Ukraine. You used to know I us

went to join the Bolshevic armies in Ruthenia,

Russia.

An office was created, this time in part of Hungary. And Hungarians Other people followed these two, There the horror

of Pelilura's Danzig, called the "Central Commit- know how to conduct underground to Chust. A connolescur of Euro- pogroms ate into his heart. When tee for the Establishment of an In- fighting just as well as the Germans. pean underground politics would he was put

Ukraine. on trial in Paris for dependent

A former War Of The Brigands have recognised them easily. They murdering the oppresser he explain, Ukrainian Tsarist general, Zielinski, Mi were all experts in espionage, elviled simply to the jury: "Twelve of my is in charge of this office. war, Bang warfare, intrigue and near blood-relatives were killed by From the Danzig headquarters the bribery.

The streets are so muddy that on rainy days cabs and carts often get stuck altogether, and people walking find themselves ankle-deep in the mud Most of the days seem rainy.

only two inns in the They are full to over-flow- The Government building is just the old urban district council offices, -ILhas-hree storeys and is the highest building in the village. It is even built of stone.

The unfortunate Republic, born of the fireat War, may be likened to a human corpse. The arms were amputated in September, the head is now revered and becomes a German trophy; Hungary takes the Rutherfan legs. There re- mning but the torso of Slovakia, which becomes, in all but name. a vassal State of Germany.

In accepting the "advice" of Great Britain and France in ing. September last, Czecho-Slovakia sealed-her-fate=True, there would have been war--a war on a terrifying scale into which the whole of Europe would have been dragged-but Czecho-Slovakia, in the light of subsequent events, could hardly have been the loser. Like Belgium in 1914 she would have paid dearly in the blood of her patriots, but she would have gained honour and freedom for her children. Out of Belgium's sorrow and torment of the four years of Great War emerged $5 country free and unshackled, honoured by the democracies of the world for the part she played in defending Right against Might and, indeed, defended by those democracles for her steadfast resolution to uphold her integrity. The events of the past six months have been planned und consummated by Germany with almost diabolical case. There is no doubt but that war would have come to Europe had Herr Hitler attempted to full his territorial ambitions in Czecho-Slovakia in one fell swoop. There was firstly the Godesburg Agreement, an- nounced as the extreme limit of concession to which Mr. Chamber- lain and M. Daladier were pre- pared to accede. Czecho-Slovakia was told to accept these demunds or forfeit the support and friend- ship of her guarantors. But Godesberg

followed by Munich, which exceeded Hitler's original demands. Mr. Chamber- Jain and M. Daladler acquiesced in the extra grab. Yesterday's events were natural sequel predicted to the very date by

โค

I

The 20,000 inhabitants of Chust slowly woke up to their new im- portance. To begin with, they got a new aerodrome and the villagers looked with surprise at the big shiny German Junker planes that began lo cruise overhead.

What has made ter insist on refusing to divide Corpatho-Ukraine, with its tile capital at Chust. be- tween lungury and Polund? Why is Chust so full of ambassadors and secret agents?

men.

Anti-Russia Moves

The answer to these questions takes us back to the days when the Taar ruled in Russia and when--deep underground-men were fighting for the independence of the Ukraine.

The Tsar would have none of such He sent the leaders off to pri- son-camps in Siberia when he caught them. Those who escaped him fed abroad, and sellled infringes

t Ukrainian territory which belonged to the Austrian Empire.

There they set up a "Ukrainian In- formation Office" and carried on anti-itussian activities.

When the Tsar collapsed and the Bolsheviks come to power, these Ukrainian "separatists" thought that their moment had come.

They formed an "Association for the Liberation of the Ukraine and the Destruction of Russia," moved Into Russo-Ukrainian territory, elect- ed a Central Committee In Kiev and proclaimed the Independence of the Ukraine.

newspaper correspondents who, Petliura The Terrible only two days ago, wero chided by Lord Halifax, for spreading "sensational and inaccurate fore casts of ovents about to take place in Europe."

You cannot read the news about Czecho-Slovakia without feeling that dirty taste in your mouth.

They had the support of many re- actionary, anti-Bolshevik elernents..

Naturally the Soviets did not wont to lose the rich wheatfields of the Ukening. They fought back, but were repulsed by invading German and Austrian troops, who protected The Independent Ukraine and sup ported the first Helman (leader), Skoropadaki, a Cossack general,,

But Hungary remembers that what

There is close friendship between

this man's orders.".

Central Committee began to stir up Hungary and Germany Just now. So Schwartzbard was acquitted, and Ukrainian Nationalist feeling in Po- the fight is waged out of sight ille- Petijura denounced Au

gally, both parties supporting and France land, Ukrainian stormtroops were said, "Not the murderer but the vic- formed on the lines of the old illegal financing their brigands and agents tim was guilty."

Austrian S.A.

GRIN AND BEAR IT

FEBRUARY SAÚ PRINTS, EVENING TO U

By Lichty

The first dress I try on you like and want me to buy-Well! You certainly don't know much about shopping, Wilbur!"

on the quiet.

Hungary has had her agents in Chrpatho-Ukraine for some time. Some years ago I met one of the most distinguished Czech journalists in Vienna. He was introduced to me as the Editor of a Ruthenlon paper, "Ruskain Pravda."

He came to Vienna frequently, and later learned that he was the prin elpal fighter for Ukrainian independ- ence. highly esteemed by his fellow Ukrainians

In scattered

various countries.

He had done much to strengthen Ukrainian feeling in Czecho-Slovakia, In Poland and in Russla. If ever the dream of an independent Ukrainian State should come true, he would he its first Premier. His nome Alexandre Brody.

Was

I met him again later, and ong day walked with him through the streets of Vienna, accompanying him to the Bankgasse. Suddenly he raid good- bye and went on alone. I saw him enter the building of the Hungarlan Legation.

Not until recently, I must confess, did I realise that Brody's Hungarian relations had a deep Importance.

After the Munich agreement, when Ruthenia was declared on autonò mona State within the new Czecho- Slovakia, the frst Premier of this “Carostho-Ukraine” was-Alexander

Brody,

Brody went to Prague to

confer with the Czech Premier. Syrovy. He made surprising demands: a nieblecite hheld in Carpatho-Ukraine, so- that the ponulation, could deelde its mwn fate. There was no doubt that push a plebiscite would result in a yote-rot for Czecho-Slovakla, but for Hungary.

Syrovy jumped to his feet angrily. Brody, he shouted; was a traitor fo the new Czecho-Slovaltin: "Get out (Continiied on Pago 11)·