1939-01-28 — Page 3

Saturday,

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH

January, 28, 1939

Outlook In The Far East

Background Of Sino- Japanese Conflict

It is now over eighteen month since un incident provoked by the Japanese was utilised as a pretext for the Invasion of China on the grand scale. Japan adopted precisely the same methods in 1931, when she occupied Manchuria and set up the puppet State of Manchukuo; and both her military chiefs and her statesmen, there is little doubt, were convinced that, provided the Powers whose interests were affected by the proposed invasion could be prevented from intervening or exerting un- due pressure, these methods would prove just as effective when applied to the whole mass of Chinu. But Japan and other countries had seriously underestimated the powers of resistance of General Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Chinese Government.

GROWTH OF ANTI JAPANESE FEELING

Detalls of these are given in the leliers of numerous missionaries, in the reports of newspaper correspond. ents, largely American, und in oye witness accounts from American and European business men.

CASUALTIES FROM BOMBING

The foreign Press made a great deal of the bombing of the civilian population of Canton by Japanese plines. It was a horrible business, but worse has been seen in Spain, and the number of dead was highly exaggerated. Just as in Spain, the

staltica have not been excessive, though the damage done has been colossal. In the two weeks of per- sistent bombling suffered by Canton from May. 20 to June 7 of lust year only 1,500 lost their lives and there appears to have been very largely were 5,500 wounded. In the first progressive. Thus, during the years) your of the war there were 2,472 What foreign observers did not 1934 to 1037 there enterged a newralds by 10,710 planc-roughly 7 redise was the extent to which the China. Great attention was paid to per raid. The number of bombs atrocities committed by the Japanese administration, to organisation, to dropped was 33,192, and these killed in Manchukuo in 1931, and the degree fance and to education. The task 10,632 people and injured 21,753. of aubservience demanded of the that faced the Government was Total casualties wero 38,284, me about after The conquest, had colossal. The task was, in fact, simi-two per bomb. These were, of

people against tor to that which faced Kemal course, only non-combatants. the Japanese. In this the influence Ata

No attempt has been made, to of the Universities was strongly tell, Ataturk in Turkey after the war,

Yes the Chine

In the circumstances à is perhaps estimate the number of casunities, and much of the youth of China, not surprising that the Government mostly killed, suffered by the civilian upon whom the present resistance had neither the money, energy nor population at the hands of the largely depends, grew up with strong personnel to build up an army in Jugane poldiery. The general pro- anti-Japanese tendencies. In addny way competent to repel Japanese ton, the Influence of Soviet Russia/encroachment. Even if it had, the village the capture of a town or

through Monsalia became more and industrial force was lacking. more strongly felt, and the effcet upon the provinces bordering Inner

RUSSIAN INFLUENCE

appears to Un wholesale loot- Inst. raning

and killing- Nonking suffered more severely than most captured cities. The Japanese enter- Mongolia, such as Shenzi, was mark- At the same time, the growing ed il on December 13 and carried out strength of the Chinese Nationalist a systematic plunder of the city. Unfortunately for Chins the racial Government was watched

closely by Women were assaulted and tens of tendency, despite the one-time pre-the Japanese millariste, and these thousands of

days.

ed.

que calm and smiling shortly after he had been knocked down

by a jobless man, Mayor Forello II. La Guardia, left, greets Culbert L. Olson, Governor-elect of California, at City Hall, New York. Mr. Olson said his visit merely was n courtesy call. He repeated his statement that he planned to free Tom Mooney from San Quentin prison.

valence of banditry, is strongly pacl- gradually reached the conclusion that in a low people were slaughtered the Chinese 8th Route Army has per-

discovered gun-powder and used it of China

what

the

not

of

· Per-

United clear

Dut

over

been heavy.

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Gave Kiddies Grey. Originally

Black Eyes

Taber was alleged to have blocked the eyes of both children because QUESTION OF ARMS when he ordered them to go to bed.

they had difficulty in undressing

His wife,

Mrs.

Grace Taber, alleged that he was constantly strik- ing the children.

fected the art of guerilla warfare, Be. The Chinese, for instance, Brst if Japan did not strike into the heart Apart from the absence of control and large masses of the peasantry have been armed and trained and for, the manufacture of fireworks. It soon, her hope of an Asintie of the soldiery, after the achievement operate in bands far behind the

It Empire wou

would be gone.

An even of an objective, the lack of respect Japanese lines, making it necessary required the Western mind to adapt more important factor, perhaps, was for this dynamle motive power to the the growth of Russian-sponsored, of the Chinese, but of neutral Powers, and rendering the movement of small

property,

Only

for all towns to be held by garrisons ejection of bullets instead of coloured communism in the interior of China. nukes & clear that Japan's aim is bodies of Japanese troops precarious. FOUR YEARS OLD Peter

Ipswich. bails of fire. Not only are the Chin-China has an area of 2,0

2,000,000 square

the complete domination of China, ese a passive race, but they cling fast mites, and it is not surprising, there-

Taber and his five-years-old commercially and

losses have to the Industrially, to the traditions of their ancestry, so fore, that the Nationalist Government exclusion of all other interests. This China's war dead number well over sister Pamela played with a ball that the Western ideas of industri- hnd not obtained control of the whole has been made clear in more than 1,000,000, and her wounded, signi- outside the courtroom at Ipswich mode of existence in agrarian China | provinces bordering, on Inner Mone declaration by the Japanese Gov.cantly lower, are put at more than frecently while their mother gave alisation took slow root and the of the huge hinterland. Thus, in the

600,000. These figures, at best rough- ernment and by its suave indifference estimates, do not include civilians. evidence against their father, remained largely unchanged at a Holia, a powerful internal Govern to representations and notes of pre- Destruction time when the industrialisation of meat grew up

centred upon the test, and has at lost resulted in a very July, put at

to property wus, last Leslie Taber, aged 34, who was Japan was progressing apace. The might of the Chinese Red Army belated offer of credits emergence of a stron: Nationalist which, equipped with Russian arnis a pallry $5,000,000 to the Chinese by 35,000,000. The spirit of the people them.

amounting to

$5,000,000. The charged with being cruel to homeless number something like Government after the annexation of brought along the Kansu-Sinking the United States, Manchuria was the first aim of the road and trained by Russiens, was later followed by an offer from Grent

This offer was is not broken, but it is strained to the awakening of a national conscious-essentially anti-Japanese,

It was,

rent uttermost. In ness in China.

Britain of £500,000 in credits. fact, fostered by the Russians for the han A NEW CHINA very purpose which it is now full credits themselves is the

haps even more important than the States "final" note HUGE ADMINISTRATIVE TASK

Apart from the morale of the cour to Japan, Thus, when carly in 1937 it become evidence of the stiffening of But though General Chiang Kal-

that try, there is the all-important quea hek's Government was founded upon clear that the Japanese were de-iden

These need replace- an army, the army--or rather themanding more and more of China Government's attitude against the tion of arms.

N.S.P.C.C. Inspector Tonking said continued Interference

the ment if the war is to be continued. Taber shouted to Mrs. Taber, "You armies, for it was but a grouping of proper and General Chiang Kai-shek,

Japanese

The heavy losses suffered by the with America's trading inese in the Beld are the inevita won't be satisfled until you get me the armies of the old war fords willing to have undone all the

rights in China. represented but a very small propor-good that his administration had

1016 six months." result of The stiffening of the attitude of st

conflict between a tion of the 500,000,000 people that is cleved and to sacrifice countless

a highly

"JOLLY KIDDIES" China. And though founded upon in lives in a war with Japan, appeared in time. If it had not been forth-equipped

America and Britain comes only just mechanised fighting force and l

Dr. Stanley Hoyland, police sur- man-power. Industrial army, the new Government's motive prepared to make concessions. to

sold that each child had a China is largely in Japanese honds, arrorant demands,

possible that Mr. Wang though much machinery, of course, amination. ost coming it is

cyc bluck

when almost Ching-wei might not have been ex-

he made an ex- amounted to open revolt flared up pelled from the Kuomintang. and was moved inland before the arrival signs of bruising. They are jolly. Pamela's still showed ink of internal war between the that his advice to adopt the milder industry.annot result

arms well-behaved little Kiddies,"" he out more added. Communist elements and the Nation-basis for discussion nese as a

have been than rudimentary equipment without

Taber told the the assistance of outside he main proposals

Countries. children were mischievous, und his e peace was that Chint should co- Though the Japanese are la nominal wife made no attempt to control operate with the Anti-Comintern control of the const, a considerable them. They needed discipline. They CHINA UNDER-ESTIMATED

Pac signatories, and had General volume of equipment is still being were well-behaved when away from The matter was taken out ΟΙ

Chiang Kai-shek accepted this would smuggled in. A greater proportion.

their mother's influence. General Chlung Kai-shelt's hands by have meant the virtual exclusion of however, is coming from Russia along the Japanese invasion of China, alt

the Kansu-Slukiang road. in all foreign countries, except perhaps which began in July, 1937.

Germany and Italy, Japan had under-estimated the ex-

from Chinese ient to which the Nationalist Govern trade, and the commercial scales have been upped heavily ment had united the country, the stability of its currency, and above ainst democracy by the inclusion all, the new ideas and outlook of the and her huge resources, among the of China, with her countless millions country's youth. Marcover it is probable that the disruption between totalitarian States. the Government and the Communists

A PRECARIOUS POISE had misled them into thinking that the latter would stand passively by shek Government appears at the mo- The position of the Chiang Kal- and watch the defeat of Chinng Kal-

ment to be

A physics student at the University shick's army

precariously poised. country combined, and now, eighteen are not inexhaustible. The stability Burma-Yunnan road is now open to powerful than nitroglycerine, had his Instead, the whole China's resources are great, but they are could render the Japanese posi- of California and Inventor of an untenable. The explosive said to be 15 times more after the outbreak of this of her currency has already proved traffic, and along this route arms can horoscope read and learned that he mond

war, it still holds out. ost miraculous, but it

almost But those eighteen months have without external aid, remain stable feat of the Japanese would consider-environment." Then he was arrested

cannot,

be despatched with safety. The de- was soon to have "a change of some of the most bloody in the indefinitely. history of the world. It China ha coasts, the great waterway

Japan controls

theably lessen the strain of our defensive for experimenting with his explosive would have for Puble opinion Yangtze, and most of the major cities commitments in the Far East, and if within the city limits and falled.

forced the British Gov inland from Shanghal

an agreement could be made with und in the Chinese Government at this stage, ernment to intervene, at any rate to Canton area. General Chlang Kot-

extent of supplying

sems to shek's amies are dependent upon the the possibilities for British trade and Ching, where financial and conumer-provinces of the hinterland for their finance in a new China might be

interests have, until very recent food!

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alist Government.

JAPANESE MOVE

peace terms of the

accepted. One of the

would

of the

the

But though the position of the Chinese is precarious, the Japanese are, in many ways, In an even more unenviable position. They have their bases, and with every mile their pushed far inland, many miles from

lines

communication have lengthened... If Chinn-were sengu

nave

during 1030 persistent guerilla war- there is every reason to suppose of American and British an thot fare

tion in China

court thei

the

He was fined £3, and an order was made for the children to be removed to a place of safety pending a decision by a juvenile court as to

their future.

Horoscope Truly Read

Berkeley, Cal.

Old Well Holds Gasoline

Ukiah, Cul

ly. failed altogether. The predilee- Szechuan and Shens. The cap tion of Japanese soldiers for atroci- removed to Chungking, together with were ultimately to win, who knows If, on the other hand, the Japanese capital is ley is almost without parallel

LYCH in Oriental history. The bombing though both

nuch of the Industrial plant. But whither their Imperialistic aims Probably the world's only gasoline raidy upon civilian populations are Army proper have been forced back pean crisis?

the Government and might lead, say, at ກ time of Euro- well has been discovered here. almost negligible by comparison with far into the interior of the country. Government ultimately wins without came upon a walled water well And if the Chinese Workers razing an old service station the atrocities committed by the Jup the Japanese are only in nominal British aid, they will owe their exist- which contained about 100 gallons of anese in Shanghai, Hangchow, Han-control of the large

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