1939-01-24 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG Telegraphi, Túžsday, January 24, 1980.

RIBE

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THE LIGHTS DID NOT GO OUT

You read Inst week of the great attempt at sabotage that was to blackout Eng. land by destroying.

Bul are hospitals and homes in England plunged into sudden darkness when one unit in the vast £50,000,- 000 electricity grid system fails? This article tells you.

Y

TOU READ last week of an attempt to des- troy England's vast electrical Grid System with bombs.

TRY THE 10 AND 12 H.P. the whole of the system was

Obe

The saboteurs undertook an almost impossible task. It is only a month ago since interconnected, so that des- truction of pylons from one transmitting station would have meant only a few

Hongkong Telegraph. minutes' delay before power

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 January 24, 1939

Poland and Russia

WHATEVER the new Russo-

Polish trade agreement may mean to the economic relations of these countries, it is still more important for its political meaning. For its political aspects interest all Europe in a way that even a potential thirty- fold increase in trade between Russia and Poland does not.

Poland's geographical position in Europe makes that country a political baromeler. Long be-

fore the handwriting on the wall spelled "Munich," Poland had signed a non-aggression pact with Germany, thus becoming the first country to retire from that ring with which France

encircled the Reich after the World War.

would have been available from another generator.

Women in Cornivall boiling the kettle for tea would, if the power source in their own area had been destroyed, have obtained electricity from any generator as far distant as Perth.

This is the Central Electricity Board's

question answer to a that arose sooner than anyone expected: "What would happen if an enemy destroyed a genera-

tor?"

GLASGOW EDINBURGH

NEWCASTLE

YORK

LIVERPOOL

CARDIFF

BIRMINGHAM

LONDON

PORTSMOUTH

50 Miles,

GRID... Flug in at Portsmouth and power may come from Glasgow ... 4,000 miles of bigh-voltage cables sireich over hill and valley-... a silent service of light and heat and energy. Saboteurs could not make the lights go out...

In times of test, as was proved

More Power

outs despite the benefits of what is claimed to be an ideal supply Bystem?

A Weakness

MANY areas, large and amall, had experl- ences of this last year, and the number of such failure appears. disconcerting.

The reason lies in the differ- ence between supply and dis- tribution. Tho-grid system con supply electricity to distributing stations in censieless and ne- quate flow.

There were, and are, available two supply lines to Kingston from Wimbledon, to quote a re- cent instance, and on the failure of one, the operation of a switch would be all that would be neces- sary to provide Kingston with fresh current.

Kingston station is itself a generating centre, but from it supply lines are radiated over a great aren. In effect, fire meant the blowing out of a main fuse, thereby cutting off electricity to thousands.

Here, then, is an inherent weakness in the present elec- tricity supply system.

ac-

It is obvious that distributing centres should be divorced from generating stations, where cidents are most liable to occur, and that these centres should serve for smaller areas of popu- lation than was the case in this breakdown.

The destruction of a distribu- ting centre may, in fact to-day be far more disturbing than the destruction of a great generating station.

It takes a breakdown to make ua realise how much we are de- pendent to-day on 1 steady supply of electric current, and how its loss can paralyse not

AT Dartford, Brighton, only the life of the private Peterborough, and citizen in his home, but the

The grid system, so familiar last week, every generating sta- to Britons in the form of great tion in the Kingdom can be link- pylons and overhead wires, has ed up and the whole electricity been built up to carry current be- supply of Great Britain become other places, according to the transport and industry of the tween stations far apart to all a sort of common reservoir out demand, the engineers would country.

The first public supply of elec- parts of the country.

of which any single user may be bring more dynamos into opera-

tion, and within a very few tricity in Great Britain was in To-day there is not a single supplied.

minutes the supply of electricity 1881, when the power of the the centre of population in

What would

if happen, required in London would again River Way was used to light the

streets the be fully generated.

of Godalming. The

in

had wrecked United Kingdom using electricity saboteurs which has not supply available Battersea power station, putting

A similar procedure can occur cables were laid in the gutters of from at least two generating it completely out of action? The stations.

the case of accident to a the streets because there was no answer is reassuring.

generating station anywhere in legal authority to lay them If that had happened, Great Britain, for the Central underground. the engineers of the central ata Electricity Board has many con- From that experience there What Would Happen? tion at Southwark would see re- trol stations throughout the grew all over the country a num-

Many have more.

Fin London, for in- ported on their dials the loss of country where the rise and fall ber of private and municipal or-

stance, you press a power from Batterson.·

in the supply of and the demand ganisations supplying electricity Not that with Poland's with-switch, you may at any time be They would immediately for electric current is recorded in separate and restricted areas drawing on current generated at prone the engineers of one of on dials and watched by engi- until in 1926 there were 480 in- the great power stations at the generating stations connect- neers every minute of the day dividual supply stations in Great

Britain. Battersea or Dartford, Brighton ed with the London supply warn- and night.

At this period of development

drawal the end of French hege- mony in Europe becaine inevil able. That rested rather on French and British policy than on the policies of the smaller states. Yet Poland, as one of these smaller states which must constantly and quickly adjust themselves to change, must al- tempt to forecast the political weather. Quick to seize the opportunity created by German pressure on Czecho-Slovakia. Po- land got its slice of territory at Czech expense, seeming this lo side with Germany at a crucial moment.

Poland knew which way the wind was blowing then. War- saw's recent protest to Prague against an alleged movement in Czecho-Slovakia tu stir up Ukrainian national feeling in- dicates that Poland knows only too well which way the wind is blowing now, and who is blow- ing it. The dream of Ukrainian republic is a German

or Peterborough; or any one of ing them to increase their out- Then why, you will ask, has

another half-dozen,

put.

London recently suffered black-

(Continued on Page 5.)

Do You Know This About

THE HORSE?

THE RHINOCEROS?

Hurther

HORSES originally came from for labour. The Spanish conquerors IN the year 61 B. C., when fusion, Marco Polo, describing the

Rhinoceros Pompey the Great marched legend that a Unicorn could be led and referring to the admit that they could Mongolia, where they still of America

never have captured that continent in triumph through Rome, a car The Chinese were

captive by maidens, wrote, runwild.

where every horse iz descended rhinoceros walked in the pro-are not of the description of anky the first to learn how to ride from the even they left behind cession.

that suffer themselves to be to them, 2,500 years before Christ. them in 1536 "but for God and our

maidens. Quile theken by

too,

was contrary." believe there Asceptlen). makes Sebastian Unicorns,"

ery out

as well as a Ukrainian dream, HO By the building of such a state, the Third Reich could dominate a rich region, and it has been clear that through this method Germany's leaders might best make inroads into the Russian Ukraine. But millions of Ukrainians live in Poland, and a threat to Russia in this case be- comes a threat to Poland, as well as to other states where large Ukrainian minorities exist. Not altogether for the same renson, but In the same direction ng the Russo-Polish agreement, was the recent appointment of the pro-French Grigore Gafeneu as Foreign Minister of Rumania, Apparently without French en- couragement, members of the ring that once circled Germany tend to reach out for one an- other's hands, not to support another great power's aims this time, but to protect their own interests.

LI

the

the one-horned Monoceros

Nempest, But his contemporer, the

in

Zoo-

It was the first seen in Europe. Shakespeare. Till then man only used horses to horses." The native Mexicans whrill then Greek writers who describ-"Now ent and to eclothe himself. Horse-had never seen a horse imagined the fed

Now I'll (in he flesh did not cease to be staple rider and his mount were one Latin Unicornis) had gone badly amazement, in the diet in Europe ill the Church fer-monster and the discharge of artiljartray in writing it up it third-and

fourth-hand from travellers inles, logist Topsell, vindicated the pewn bade Christians to eat it in 1308. lery was Its voice.

bad evolved the idea of some ture and t 1801 its existence was The last thing about the horse that Un the reign of James I, who Thing like a horse with a horn on its milf in dispute, among scholars and man ever discovered was the way to first brought horses over from the forehead.

The astonishing charac- naturalista. harness it for transport and agricul- East to improve the British stock, no

If only another speelmen Rhino teristics of the Rhinoceros helped to ment Englishman was allowed to sell a bad followed the first, the legend of perpetunte beftet in Unlearns. ture. The Bible never hore except in war and even the horse to a foreigner or a Scotsman.

If I cannot be led by maidens it the Unicorn might have died. But Romans did not learn, in al

At the end of the eighteenth cen- Wilnoceros is costly. Its market can be induced to walk peacefully 1,000 years of thele history, how to tury it became common in England value even to-day is about £1,000, alongside a caravan or given the full harness horses properly.

to see horses drawing ploughts. For 1,450 years no other came to run of a ship withouf harming any- They tied their teams direct to the In the nineteenth they began get-Europe and by then the idea of body. shati,

vithout a collar, so the barnetsting displaced everywhere by newcorn was rooted too firmly to pressed against the wind-pipe and forms of transport, trains

1085 For one thing it ha got stopped them pulling their weight. cycles lit 1651, motor-curs in As for horseshoes they enme in long and aeroplanes in 1803, But there Bible. Two hundred years before hunters inks to trappers

in England and Pompey, the Greek translators of the may noon become as mythical as the after the fall of Rome. In Classic are still 858,000 times armies in the field used to wait Wales, 147,000 in Scotland and half Book of Job rendered the Hebrew Unicorn itself. for days 1 their horaes hooves a million la Ireland. And they are word Reem; I meana wild ass, as at last set aside for the White Rhino-

sufficiently used for 130 inns had mended.

and Monoceros, and after that, Latin ones ceros in Zululand at the beginning

Monoceros, "Unicornis.") of this century their number twas: For many

centuries horses were hotels to go on advertising stabling translated

Some people did recognise the con- reduced to 30 liend. too precious in war to be used inuch for horses.

remove.

ini 1023.

bad

•

Yet, when irritated it will charge

a whole convoy,

Into the

ard

It looks as if the Rhinoceros

When a reserve was