1939-01-24 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TTLEGRAPH, TUESDAY, JANUARY 24, 1989.

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THE LIGHTS DID NOT GO OUT

You read last week of the great attempt at sabotage that was to blackout Eng- land by destroying.

But are hospitals and homes in England plunged into sudden darkness when one unit in the vast £50,000.- 000 electricity grid system fails? This article tells you.

You

YOU READ last week of an attempt to des- troy England's vast electrical Grid System with bombs.

TRY THE 10 AND 12 H.P.the whole of the system was

The

The saboteurs undertook an almost impossible task. It is only a month ago since interconnected, so that des- truction of pylons from one transmitting station would have meant only a few

Hongkong Telegraph. minutes' delay before power

Wyndham St., Hongkong 'Phone 26615 January 24, 1939

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Mrs. Clara Seth and Mr. J. Hennessy Seth offer their grateful thanks for the numerous expressions of sympathy received in their recent bereavement

Poland and Russia WILATEVER the new Russo-

Polish trade agreement may mean to the economic relations of these countries, it is still more important for its political meaning. For its political aspects interest all Europe in a way that even a potential thirty- fold increase in trade between Russia and Poland does not.

Poland's geographical position in Europe makes that country a political barometer. Long be- fore the handwriting on the wall spelled "Munich," Poland had signed a non-aggression pact with Germany, thus becoming the first country to retire from that ring with which France encircled the Reich after the World War.

Not that with Poland's with- drawal the end of French hege- mony in Europe became inevit- able. That rested rather on French and British policy than on the policies of the smaller states. Yet Poland, as one of these smaller states which must constantly and quickly adjust themselves to change, must at- tempt to forecast the political weather. Quick to seize the opportunity created by German pressure on Czecho-Slovakia. Po- land got its slice of territory at Czech expense, sceming thus to side with Germany at a crucial moment.

Poland knew which way the wind was blowing then. War- saw's recent protest to Prague against an alleged movement in Czecho-Slovakia to stir up Ukrainian national feeling in- dicates that Poinnd knows only too well which way the wind is blowing now, and who is blow- ing it. The dream of Д Ukrainian republic is a German

would have been available from another generator.

Women in Cornwall boiling the kettle for tea would, if the power source in their own aren had been destroyed, have obtained electricity from any generator as far distant as Perth.

This is the Central Electricity Board's auswer to a question that arose sooner than anyone expected: "What would happen if an enemy destroyed a genera- tor?"

GLASGOW EDINBURGH

WCASTL

LIVERPOOL

BIRMINGHAM

CARDIFF

LONDON

PORTSMOUTH

50 Milca,

GRID... Plug in at Portsmouth and power may come from Glasgow ... 4,000 miles of high-voltage cables stretch over hill and valley— a silent service of tight and heat and energy. Saboteurs could not make the lights go out...

More Power

outs despite the benefits of what is claimed to be an ideal supply system?

A Weakness

MANY areas, large and small, had experi- ences of this last year, and the number of such failure appears. disconcerting.

The reason lies in the differ- ence between supply and dis- tribution. The grid system, can supply electricity to distributing stations in ceaseless and ade- quate flow.

There were, and are, available two supply lines to Kingston from Wimbledon, to quote a re- cent instance, and on the failure of one, the operation of a switch would be all that would be neces- sary to provide Kingston with fresh current.

Kingston station is itself a generating centre, but from it supply lines are radiated over a great area. In effect, fire meant the blowing out of a main fuse, thereby cutting off electricity to thousands.

Here, then, is an inherent weakness in the present elec- tricity supply system.

It is obvious that distributing centres should be divorced from generating stations, where

cidents are most liable to occur, and that these centres should serve far smaller areas of popu- lation than was the case in this breakdown.

The destruction of a distribu- ting centre may, in fact to-day be far more disturbing than the deatruction of a great generating station.

It takes a breakdown to make us realise how much we are' de- a steady pendent to-day on supply of electric current, and how its logs can paralyse not

AT Dartford, Brighton; only the life of the private Peterborough, and citizen in his home, but the to the transport and industry of the

would country.

In times of test, as was proved The grid system, so familiar last week, every generating sta- to Britons in the form of great tion in the Kingdom can be link- pylons and overhead wires, has ed up and the whole electricity been built up to carry current be supply of Great Britain become other places, according

The first public supply of elec- tween stations far apart to ul a sort of common reservoir out demand, the engineers

of which any single user may be bring more dynamos into opera-

tion, and within a very few tricity in Great Britain was in parts of the country.

To-day there is not a single supplied.

minutes the supply of electricity 1881, when the power of the centre of population in the What would happen, if required in London would again River Wey was used to light the

had wrecked

streets of the be fully generated. United Kingdom using electricity saboteurs

Godalming. The which hus not supply available Battersea power station, putting

A similar procedure can occur cables were laid in the gutters of from at least two generating it completely out of action? The in the case of accident to a the streets because there was no

answer is reassuring. stations.

generating station anywhere in legal authority to lay them that had happened, Great Britain, for the Central underground.

From that experience there the engineers of the central ata- Electricity Board has many con- tion at Southwark would see re- trol stations throughout the grow all over the country a num- ported on their dials the loss of country where the rise and fall ber of private and municipal or- in the supply of and the demand ganisations supplying electricity a power from Battersca.

They

would immediately for electric current is recorded in separate and restricted areas prone the engineers of one of on dials and watched by engl-until in 1926 there were 480 in-

Britain. the generating stations connect- neers every minute of the day dividual supply stations in Great ed with the London supply warn- and night.

Then why, you will ask, has At this period of development ing them to increase their out-

(Continued on Page 5.) put.

London recently suffered black-

Many have more.

What Would Happen? Fin London, for in-

stance,

you press switch, you may at any time, be drawing on current generated at the great power stations at Battersea or Dartford, Brighton or Peterborough; or any one of another half-dozen,

If

Do You Know This About

THE HORSE?

as well as a Ukrainian dream. HORSES originally came from for Inbour. The Spanish conquerors]

By the building of such a state, the Third Reich could dominate a rich region, and it has been clear that through this method Germany's leaders might best make inroads into the Russian Ukraine. But millions of Ukrainians live in Poland, and a threat to Russin in this case be- comes a threat to Poland, as well as to other states where' large Ukrainian minorities exist. Not altogether for the same reason, but in the same direction as the Russo-Polish agreement, was the recent appointment of the pro-French Grigore Gafoncu na Foreign Minister of Rumanis, Apparently without French en- couragement, members of the ring that once circled Germany tend to reach out for, ono an- other's hands, not to support another great power's aims this timo, but to protect their own interests.

bade Christions to eat it in 1300.

and

1:

THE RHINOCEROS?

4

the

was

in

Zoo-

the year 61 B. C., when falon. Marco Polo, describing the Rhinoceros and reterring to the admit that they could Pompey the Great marched

legend that Unicorn could be led Mongolia, where they still of America

triumph through Rome,

captive by

by maldens, wrote, "They never have captured that conuent in The Chinese were run wild.

where every horse idescended rhinoceros walked in the pro-are not of the description of animala by that suffer themselves to be taken the first to learn how to ride from the seven they left behind cossion,

Qulic maidens.

contrary 100.

sceptical was the first seen in Europe. Shakespeare. them, 2,500 years before Christ. them in 1935 "but for God and our

are Unicoma, Till then man only used horses to horses." The native Mexicans who Till then Greek writers who describ-"Now I'll believe there

the one-horned Monoceros (in he

cry out makes Sebastian cat and to clothe himself. Horse- had never seen a horse Immagined the ed

hla mount

the Tempest, were one Latin Unicornis) had

gone badly

amazement, bc Besh did not cease to

a staple rider

in writing it up at third-and But his contemporary, the diet in Europe till the Church for-monster and the discharge of artil-fourth-hand from travellers' tales. logist Topsell, vindicated the crea

lery was His voice.

They had evolved the idea of some-ture and till 1801 ts existence was Until the reign of James 1, who thing like a horse with a horn on its till in dispute among scholars and The last thing about the horse that!

naturalists. The astonishing chorac man ever discovered was the way to Drst brought horses over from the forehead.

It only another specimen Rhino teristics of the Rhinoceros helped r harness it for transport and agricul-East to improve the British stock, no

Englishmun was allowed to sell

had followed the first, the legend of perpetuate belief in Unicorns.

If it cannot be fed by maldens it ture. The Bible nover

even the horse to a foreigner or a Scotsman. the Unicorn might have died. But horse except in war and

the At the end of the eighteenth cena Rhinoceros is costly. Its market can be induced to walk peacefully Romans did not learn, in all 1,000 years of hele history, how to tury it became common in England value even to-day is about £1,000. alongside a caravan or given the full For 1,450 years no other came to run of a ship without harming any- to gee, horses drawing ploughs.

body. harness horses properly.

Europe and by then the idea of In the nineteenth they began get They fed heir teams direct to the

remove. shaft, without a collar, so the harness ting displaced everywhere by new pressed against the wind-pipe and forms of transport, trains in 1825,

For one thing it had got into the stopped them pulling their weight cycles in 1831, motor-cars in 1085 Two hundred years before hunters, it looks as if the Rhinoceros As for horseshoes they came in long and aeroplanes in 1903, after the fall of Rome. In Classic are still 368,000

mentions a

F

Unicorn was rooted too firmly to Yet, when Irritated it will charge-

n whole convoy.

To-day, thanks to trappers

and

But there in, England and Pompey, the Greek translators of the may soon become as mythical as the Limes armies in the field used to wait Wales, 147,000 in Scotland and half Book of Job rendered the Hebrew Unicorn itself. When a reserve was for days till their horses' hooves a million in ireland. And they are word Reen; It means wild ann, anül last net aside for the White Rhino- sufficiently used for 130 inns and Monoceros, and after that, Latin ones caros in Zululand at the beginning had mended. For many.

were hotels, to go on advertising stabling translated Monoceros, "Unicornis," of this century their number awar centuries horses

Some people did recognise the con-reduced to 30 hend. too precious in war to be used much for horses.