1938-12-02 — Page 30

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1988.

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The

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FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1938.

France's Position

IF FRANCE is not exactly "on

the spot" by her loss of power and general influence in Europe, she is not far from it. Her dominant post-war dreams have evaporated and her pre- that continent has stige on greatly receded.

Spreading Pan Germaniam leaves the French still frankly apprehensive despite all talk about appeasement, while Italy also becomes a somewhat dis- turbing neighbour. Internally, France's financial and business Premier conditions are poor. Daladier showed his special concern over this in his Cham-. ber

justifying speech

the Munich agreement. He secured his "full powers" virtually on this plea. French military ex- penses have been leaping and France must meet the big bill for recent mobilisation.

As a member of democracy's big three, French ability to breast the strains and trials re- sulting from a new position in Europe will be keenly watched not only by the other two mem- bera of the trio, the United States and Great Britain, but by the authoritarian regimes and the group of smaller powers.

The reshaping of France's entire foreign policy on the European continent will provide scope for a display of all the dexterous finesse and diplomatic logic that the Quai d'Orsay is fumed for, in the months to come. Certainly the founda- tions for rebuilding French foreign policy are already at hand in the apparently continu- ing solidification of the Franco- British entente.

Although facing difficult read- justments, the democratic, or rather republican, structure of France seems to have come through all the post-war ordeals without loss of vigour. The Third French Republic has now gone through. nearly seventy years of European upheavals, including the World War.

The great point is not so much France's post-war mis- takes, her surface errors, nor even her concept of running a democracy. What is important is that she shows irrevocable determination to carry on such democracy as sho enjoys not- withstanding all currents to the contrary abroad in Europe to- day.

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*******

THE SUCCESS OF THE SHOW

I was a

Conscript

M

By F. G. H. SALUSBURY

·R, CHAMBERLAIN cet- tainly renewed, In the Commons last week, his pledge, "No Conscrip- tion in Peace Time." But we are still all arguing about the pos- sibility of some form of National Service. I have had some.

I was a "conscript" in Aus- tralla before the Great War, and I have put the word in quo- tation-marks, because Austra- llan conscription was very different from the European variety.

Memories are short. It may come as a shock to many people that a particular form of conscription has been part of the lives of men and boys within the British Empire. But this was so in the Common- wealth of Australia, whose Govern- ment announced, in 1000, R uni- versal obligation in respect of naval or military training.

*

The relevant section of the Defence Act read as follows:-

"All male inhabitants of Aus- tralia (except those who Bre exempted by this Act), who have resided therein for six months, and are British subjects, shall be liable to be trained, as prescribed, as follows:-

** (a) From twelve to fourteen years of age, in the junior cadets; aod

(b) From fourteen to eighteen years of age in the Senior cadets; and

"(c) From eighteen to twenty- five years of age, in the Citizen Forces; and

* (d)

From twenty-Ove to twenty-six years of age, in the Citizen Forces."

The only reason for this univer-

sal obligation was the defence of Australia, who was then uncom- fortably conscious of her vast, un- protected, uninhabited territories -particularly in view of the so- called "Yellow Peril" of Japan. In those days was the Royal Aus- tralian Navy' born?

have youth-

ful memories. In a Sydney theatre. of the gods" roaring out the chorus:--

"We'll all stand together, boys,

"If the foe makes a futter or

a fuss. "And we're hanging out the sign, from the Leeuwin to the line, "This bit of the world belongs to usi"

☆

☆

Organisation proceeded, under a scheme drawn up by Lord Kit- chener, whose advice had been sought by the Commonwealth, and

with the Labour Government of Andrew Fisher in power--the un(- versal obligation was put into force by proclamation on January 1, 1911.

Let us see what the prescribed training amounted to. Section 127 of the Act sald that it should be in each year ending the thirtieth day of June, of the following dura- tion:-

"(a) In the Junior cadets ninety

hours; and

(b) In the Senior cadets four whole-day drills, twelve half- day drills, and twenty-four night drils; and

(c) In the Citizen Forces six- teen whole-day drills or their equivalent of which not less than eight shall be in camps of continuous training,"

In addition it was provided that men allotted to the Navy and to the specialist branches of the Army

should have twenty-five whole-day drills, of which seventeen must be in camp.

Another provision of a different kind was added later. This ensured that the Citizen Forces of the Com- monwealth should never be called out or utilised in connection with an industrial dispute.

The whole country was divided into areas, cach with an Area Officer, who saw to the enrolling of boys in the Cadets, and of men in the various arms of the Citizen Forces. Companies of Cadets, bat- talions of Infantry, regiments of Light Horse, batteries of Artillery gradually emerged. Up-country distances are enormous, and in such cases of hardship individuals were excused attendance,

The Junior Cadets did physical exercises: they had no uniforms, Senior Cadets had military train- ing: they were given miniature rifles, and wore khaki breeches and shirts and the Australian military hat. The Citizen Forces were equipped as soldiers or sallora.

* ☆

There were Anes for employers who attempted to prevent their employees from attending drills, and unes for members of the Citi- zen Forces who evaded drills with- out good excuse, Offending Cadets were dealt with in juvenile courts.

Cadets were not paid, but the Citizen Forces were, and their pay was good. It began at 3s. a day for recruits and 43, for full privates, and mounted, through 109, for ser- geants and 15s. for subalterns. to £2 55. for colonels or brigadiera.

The pay was adjusted for half- day drills and night-drills. For example, a whole-day drill in the Citizen Forces was six hours, n

HIS BRIDE

R.A.F. Calls Up AGED 10

The Pigeons

Many thousands of homing pigeons are to be con- scripted for home defence purposes.

They will be used in all parts of the country and will maintain a vital link between air bases, the fighting forces and the Home Command in the event of any emergency.

The scheme of training pigeons is being carried out by the R.A.F.

Miner Of 34 Says

'We Stay Married'

Ten-years-old Resla Columbus, bride of 34-years-old Fleming Tackett, played happily in her

two-roomed mountain shack

near Prestonburg, Kentucky, last inonta,

Mas Ahitslay

half-day three, and a nightri

one hour and a half,

Promotion was by examinatio... from private to corporal, corpo1l to sergeant, sergeant to sergeari, major and warrant-officer, an warrant-officer to commissioned rank. At the beginning of the scheme non-commissioned and commissioned ranks were com- pleted by appointment largely from the old militin.

The scheme affected me jut before I was sixteen, and I went one night to u small houso Double Bay, a suburb of Bydney where a harassed Area Omcer ant a dear old doctor-looking uneasy in his uniform-were dealing with a horde of boys,

I was examined, my appendicitis Bear was noted. I was given breeches, shirt. hat, belt and puttees, and dismissed. Thereafter I carried on in the Cadet company, at my school, for Cadets, wherever possiblo, were organised on 11 school basis.

.

I became a corporal, I passed examinations, and, later, I blog- comed into a second lieutenant in the 21st Woollahra Infantry, very proud of the sword with which paternal Government presented me. My best friend was a private in a neighbouring battalion, When wo first met in uniform, he said. "What's that skewer hanging at your side fort":

There was not much respect for officers in those days, except on parade. Even then do you re- member the story of the Austra- lans, in the Great War, who all paraded with watch-glasses stuck in their eyes to cheer up monocled English officer Instruc- tor? And how he ripped his monocle into the air, caught it in his eye, and said. “Well, do that, damn you! They gave him a cheer then,

-

We were ali truò citizens in the Citizen Forces, and we never forgot it. I remember the almighty rush for a tram after one night-drill, and how I, the little officer, was shouldered off to wait for the next one.

Sometimes, compulsory training was, as we used to say, a fair Cow, It interfered with our lel- Gure. But it was done. It lasted until November 1. 1929, when the voluntary system was re-adopted

TOSCANINES BOUQUET FOR SINGER

WOMAN WHO FAINTED New York.

The unhappiest woman in New York last month was Carmen Torres, who fainted at one of the city's

leading night clubs, when Arture

Toscanini walked in while the was

aging an aria from "La Traviata."

The conductor, who was accom- chair-

panied by Mr. David Sarcasting

felt

man of the National Corporation, so sorry for the young Sonnish singer who missed the opportunity of her Bfe-that he rent her a bouquet and an oute

phe photograph.

She was unaware that American Church and welfare Jeaders were i

"I was nervous," she explains, Air Force chiefs realise that pigeons will be called to play trying to mobilise public opinion to "because I had a cold.” an important part in the defence programme. Breeders all over get the marriage angulled. Britain may soon receive instructions to train as many birds as pointed out that the girl was four simply a hole in a

District Attorney Forest Short has are available in message-carrying.

It is estimated that more than 100,- coo pigeons will be called upon to "Join up."

WITH GAS MASKS

Ivory

gave her daughter's age as fifteen. The husband, however, refuses to take any notice of this, and said, threateningly: "Nobody is going to take my Rosle from me, We're married and WO stat married."

cliff-side The years too young under the Kentucky wedding is regarded as a big ep up marriage unit, and has started on in the social scale for her. investigation to find out why the The only one who has ot had Real "Blue Chips" Of bride's mollier, Mrs. Grace Columbus, much to say is the bride, gawky child just 4ft 8in. In helps looking very much like a doll.

She said "I'm A

good Some will be bred from strains

San Francisco. which won VCs in the Great War- The California Historical Society

hand at cooking, ring, and birds which few across the Channel has placed on exhibition solid Ivory

washing. Me and em have with vital messages when wounded. poker chips that represented $1,000)

been courting for/oo long "An extensive register hus been neh, used at the time when bonanza)

time." made," an official of the Air Ministry kings of California played for such family, who have also moved into the embarrassed when

He is backed up by the girl's She ducked her hand looked shack, and by half a dozen beurded how she liked ma performed by

The ceremony everywhere offered the services of sportsmen asking them to use the miners who live in the district.

W. G. Ratellwho is the district Mr. DESPERATELY POOR

es the parson. blacksmith as Rosie and her brothers and 'xlitersj

Xs O.K., so I gue The licence OK, too," was his have been so desperately poor that the marringo their home for some years has been comment.

guld.

"During the recent crials breeders

mounts.

their prize pigeons. There are tens greatest care lest they shoot down of thousands which wo may call valuable carriers.

upon."

Special ons marks may be made for A special warning will be given to these R.A.F. pigeons.

WOX axked life,