1938-10-24 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG Tb legraph, MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1988.

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The

Thongkong Telegraph.

MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1038.

DISSENSION IS TREASON

THE CZECHS HISTORIC HOMELAND

Countrymen of "Good

King Wenceslas "

By

Bohemia's Centuries-Old Sudeten Minority

H. D. ZIMAN

¡OR many British spec- Crecy, and from whose helm the carly folk-wanderinge, but it is hereditary (title of King before tators of the still- Black Prince is said (by a prob- fair, I think, to note that bath Premsyl Ottaker I. (1197--1230) ably untrue legend) to have Czechs and Germans can claim succeeded in obtaining the king- unfinished tragic dra-

picked the three feathers which that their races are anything ma which has been taking form the crest of a Prince of but newcomers.

ship as a hereditary title, con- place in Central Europe, the Wales. Even more have heard Even before they had estab- firmed by the Pope and by suc issue has been shrouded not and sung) of "Good King lished themselves in Moravia cessive Emperors. merely

have and Bohemia the Slav in thoir While the dignity of the Czech propraganda, and Wenceslas." But by personal sympathies and realised that these two figures westward advance must have realm was being raised, increa hopes, but by a normal and were rulers of the people now overrun what is now Slovakia, sing ties were being created

known as Czechs.

fcw

дл

and by the end of the 9th cen- natural public ignorance

AFTER · VERSAILLES tury a "Great Moravian" Empire with the Holy Roman Empire, concerning a country of

had been established which in- and

increasing German which the present name did An almost equal vagueness included the Western Slovaks. minority entering the Bohemian the popular mind envelopes the But this Empire was broken kingdom, Thoy mainly kept to [not appear on pre-war maps

or occur in pre-war history position of the Sudeten Ger- early in the 10th century by the their own language and largely

many. It is possible still to books written in our own meet persons creditably well- of Slovakin in the 11th century to their own settlements. The

Magyara, who gained possession language.

informed on foreign affairs who and continued to hold it, except Sudeten Germans had arrived- Had the Czechs and their believe that the German-speak for brief intervals, as part of or returned. Yet the distance friends presented their country ing citizens whom the Fuchrer the Hungarian Kingdom till which separates mediaevol racial to the outside world under its wishes to "return to the Reich 1018.

jealousies from modern theories old familiar name of Bohemia were pre-war citizens of Ger- (much as the people who call many lost (like the

In the second half of the 13th of "blood-and-soil" are well illus- Alsatians

is truc, trated in the reign of the great themselves the Hellenes are and Lorrainers and the in- century Slovakia, it known to the outside world as habitants of the Polish Corridor) came for a time under the Czech Charles of Bohemin, who as the Greeks) it is at least possible in the great reshufle of Ver- King of Bohemia; in the 14th that it would be more generally sailles.

and again the 16th century there Emperor Charles, IV. (1946-78) understood that the claims of

were brief periods of Slovak in- made Prague his favourite capi- The Czecho-Slovakia of the dependence. But Czechs and tal. the country to independence Peace Treaties did, indeed, in- Slovaks-originally the same were not something, as it were, clude a few square miles of what people and preserving even to-

HUSS'S MARTYRDOM dropped out of a hat by the was formerly Prussia. This day almost the same language

The Premyslid House had died Peace Conference of 1919.

small section contined under 50,- have continued to belong to out in 1806. The blind King Most British schoolchlidren 000 inhabitants of whom 80 different countries and to bo John mentioned earlier was a have heard of the blind King per cent. spoke (and speak) a governed on the whole under

John of Bohemia, who fell at Moravian-Czech dialect. The different systems, although from member of the House of Luxem-

invaded and one of his brothers.

a cen-

of

was

remainder of Czecho-Slovakia 1490 until 1918 they shared the bourg, but married to a Premy- The slid Princess. His son, Charles members of the Chinese National | was carved out of the old Austro- same foreign Sovereigns. It became a maxim under the Government is a greater blow to Hungarian Empire, where the Kingdom of Bohemia survived in IV. spoke French, German and old Roman laws that Treason the cause of China than the loss Sudetens had been neighboura of reality until 1620 and in theory Bohemian with equal facility, was next to sacrilege in gravity. of a city. Such utterances sow the Czechs in a common State, till 1918. There was no "King- and insisted that his German officials should speak the nation- 1 Let a Song go out of my Heart-F.T.

the seeds of dissension, breed greater or smaller, for many dom of Slovakia.” Throughout the centuries this BD-5389 Palais Glide Medley No. 3 .... New Mayfair Orchestra dicium has held; in fact, Trea-sters attacking China from the

al language. The use of Czech disunity. With these two mon- centuries.

THE GERMANS' RETURN or German was optional in the Much of the early history of BD-5393 Meet me Down in Sunset Valley-F.T.

son may now be said to rank in, rear, she cannot hope to con-Bohemia is still dim for lack of The earliest Czech rulers-to civic assemblies. Half Little Lady make Believe-F.T.

tinue her gallant stand in front. records and excess of racial pro- return to Bohemia-did not tury before the German univer- most countries as the gravest B- 8772 just let me Look at you

offence that can be committed faster, but it was no

The loss of Canton is a dis-paganda legends. Czechs and have the rank of King, "Good sities had been organised he

the University mere Sudetens regard one another King Wenceslas," though he was founded disaster than was the loss of the with varying degrees of em to have four namesakes with the Prague. against the people.

Under his successor, Wences-- It is still too early to staterne to the Allies in 1914. The phasis as intruders, but impartial kingly title, was in fact merely

Allies regained the Marne, as historians recall that the earliest an independent Prince ruling las IV., serious reforms were No More (Negro Folk Song} .........Paul Robeson definitely that Treason and trai-China can, with continued unity, known inhabitants of the coun- over Bohemia. He appears to called for in the Church. The

tora were involved in the down-regain Canton, The Chinese!

a pious leader of the reformers fall of Canton although, in view people must learn, as the Bri-try were actually Celts, known have been not merely

tish, French and Italian people to the Romans as Boil-whose monarch, subsequently canonised John Huss, Rector of the Uni- Tacitus names as by the Roman Church, but an en- versity of Prague (from which. of all the circumstances, there learned in the dark days of capital B. 8771 Waltzing Matilda...... Peter Dawson with Chorus] seems no other explanation. 1914-17, that there is no dis- Bolohuemum. Before the first lightened man, who forbade pub- the King's policy drove the bulk

Waiata Poi (HM)})

Never in its centuries of history defeat or

honour or finality in temporary century A.D. German tribes lic executions. He died in 929, of the German students and pro- retreat. Belgiuin, (notably the Marcomanni and murdered on his way to Mass by fessors) and greatest of all. Czech heroes. A purifier rather has the Kwangtung capital fal- Servia, and Rumania became the Quadi) had

the territory of an invader in settled in Bohemia and the ad- The Pope had accepted a than a Protestant, Huss is be- Messrs. S. MOUTRIE & CO., LTD. len to an invading alien army 1914 and 1915; Russia capitu-joining province, Moravia; but Slavonie liturgy, introduced to lieved to have come into contact with such ridiculous case, and lated in 1917. Nearly all of they later pushed onward into Bohemia by Greek missionaries, with the writings of Wyclif the only logical conclusion that France was overrun and the what is now known as Bavaria, unwillingly, and when Prague through Bohemian students who can be reached is that silver has Italians were meeting with dis- and were replaced, after an in- became a bishopric, he insisted came to England in the retinue- been used in the greatest beater after disaster at the hands terval of Lombard power, by a on the use of Latin. Thus of Anne of Bohemia, daughter

of the greatest Army the world Slav influx.

Wenceslas and his successors, of Charles IV. and wife of our trayal the world has known for has known. But morale re-

ruling over a still largely pagan own Richard I. Hussites began mained firm, and the nations BOTH OF EARLY ORIGIN people, welcomed nineteen centuries.

educated to be persecuted as disciples of which for three years fought al This process-the German priests from Germany. During Wyclif, and Huss himself, per- The story of this apparent losing war finally prevailed. This conquest and exodus-seems to the 12th and 13th centuries, suaded by Sigismund of Hun- betrayal may not be told for is history which the Chinese have occupied the first five cen- morcover, they began to en- gary, brother of Wenceslas, to. many weeks. In the meantime, people should take to heart.

turies A.D. Bohemia by the sixth courage the immigration of travel under promise of a safe- During the Japanese advance, century appears to have been German traders and craftsmen. conduct to Constance and do- China's gateway and stronghold this newspaper received one or almost completely Slav, but even Already the Promyalids (as fend his views before a General in the South has fallen, and a two letters from Chinese renders in the first century, or earlier so the Royal House was called) Council of the Church, was ar

evidence accusing us of pro-Japanism be- archaeological new and equally deadly form of cause we published reports dis- dicates, Bohemia had at least a thority of the Holy Roman Em- 1415.

au- rested and burnt at the stake in

Treason is making its appear-closing that the Japanese ad-scattering of Slav inhabitants. peror and marrying German The first effect of Huss's. ance-the Treason which is de-vance was much more rapid No sane person would build princesses. Two members of martyrdom was a virtual na

than official Chinese fined by the Oxford Dictionary would admit. We believed then, data to be derived from these the Emperors the personal (not to Rome.

sources political theories on the scanty the House had been granted by tional revolt against allegiance as falaeness to the government and we continue to believe, that of the country. It is this type the worse disservice China's

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of Treason for which the in-leaders can do their people is to GRIN

completely hush Chinese re- vaders of China have prayed verses. The danger of this for sixteen months. It is the polley became apparent imme- Treason which has allowed pup-diately with the loss of Canton, pet regimes to come into being which could not be hushed up. So confident were the vast in Pelping and Nanking. It is majority of Chinese people that the Treason wherein a section the Japanese were still some of the people betrays their coun- Ecores of miles from Canton, and try in its hour of need by ex-were encountering opposition of pressing dissatisfaction with, or such a nature that the fall of the city was not even a remote transferring allegiance from, the leaders of the National Gov-came on Friday the effect was possibility, that when disaster ernment. The vilest Treason of catastrophic. Had vernacular this type insofar as China is and other European newspapers concerned is the transference published a true state of affairs, of allegiance from the National as did the Telegraph, we are Government to the leaders of confident that the loss of Canton would have been accepted so the so-called governments who

philosphically that there would are manifestly puppets dangling not have been this subsequent at the ends of strings pulled by hunting for scapegoats which is the invaders. A milder, but so injurious to the cause of equally dangerous form of Trea-China. son, is any attempt to disredit the existing Government of our China.

our

We would be lacking in

responsibilities to readers and, wo belleve, in ur friendship for the Chinese people, were we to refrain from publishing accurate and imme

inte reporta of events in China, merely on the grounds that it is

We would like to issue this warning to the Chinese people: An uttoranes by any responsible or semi-responsible Chinese per- son or newspaper which seeks better that the Chinese people should not hear about impendi- to discrèdit Generallssimo ing disasters until they have Chiang Kai-shek or the other occurred.

in were acknowledging the

AND

BEAR IT

A series or religious wars followed, which were not really ended for 200 years. The

By Lichty conflict was nationalist as well

"Don't you dare throw that hat away—it's cost me a fortune In ·

check-rooms."

as doctrinal. George of Pode- brad, clected first as Regent, and then as Bohemia's only Protes tant King, was the only purely Czech monarch after the Premy- Blids.

After the reigns of Vladislav and Louis of Poland, to whom the Crown had passed, Bokemia fell in 1526 under four centuries of Hapsburg domination. The art-loving and eccentric Rudolph II., who mado Prague again the capital of the Empire, issued the celebrated "Letter of Majesty" 1609, which gave the Bohemian Protestant religion ecclesiastical and educational' rights at least equal to those of the Catholic minority. Rudolph was, however, deposed, and the Crown passed in turn to his brother Matthew and his nep-- how, Ferdinand II., who deter mined to reconquer Bohemla for: the Roman Catholic faith. The Thirty Years' War, which do-- vastated so much of Europe, actually began with the colo brated "Defenestration of Prague," when three of Fer- dinand's Roman Catholic coun- cillors were thrown out of n window of the castle into the moat-an experience they survived.

which