1938-10-12 — Page 30

G THE HONGKONG TE LEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1938.

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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1938.

NAZIISM AND RELIGION However one may disapprove Nazi policy at home and abroad, it is impossible to withhold

wonder, if not admiration, for the seemingly tireless energy with which it pursues its ends. The eradication of the Jew and all his works from Germany would seem to be a sufficiently onerous and complicated task to absorb the whole of the imme- diate attention of those who are seeking to fulfil their dream of an Aryan people, united by blood and goil in n totalitarian system of loyalty to a common purpose personified, almost

HISTORY'S MOST SUCCESSFUL FAILURE

D

EMOCRACY on the Continent, was growing among ment was almost wholly leader- barricaded; civil servants armed. defensive, as we see the British industrial workers, less, broken and disorgnised. The Chartists had arranged to and in many districts men were O'Connor directed the remn- assemble on the Common and to it to-day, seems a far reported to be arming and ants of the movement from march thence to Westminster. ery from the time when men drilling. The Government be- gaol and he was able to gain The Government proposed to claiming equal rights in gan to organise forces to resist complete control on his release, stop them by holding citizenship were attacking insurrection,

bridges.

the

But the demonstration proved

UNDER O'Connor's a flasco, not more than 50,000

was

the strongholds of privilege. Moderates ruled the Conven- Yet one hundred years ago tion until the rejection by Parli there was launched in Britain ament of the Charter petition.

leadership Chartiam turned up, no attempt was made movement which in a few Then the "physical force" men reached the crest of its strength, to force the bridges, and the years gripped the nation, struck gained control. Orders for A and in 1842 three and a half great national petition terror in the heart of reaction, general strike were issued amid million signatures the popula- igonminiously delivered by cabl and laid the foundations of great excitement and then were tion was then 18,000,000 wern It was found to bear only two British democracy.

cancelled when it was realised obained to a new petition. But inillion names. that no proper preparations had this suffered the same fate as O'Connor lost his hold and his On that day William Lovett, been made.

the first. A new wave of strikes mind. (He became insane in founder of the London Working

The Convention went on talk- swept the country in answer to 1852 and died three years later.) Men's Association, published ing of means of coercing the wage cuts during a period of Desperate efforts were made to the "People's Charter,"

which Government, including a run on trade depression, but O'Connor keep Chartism alive, but it was became the basis of Chartism, the banks, until the militants. failed to develop it into a gen- dead by 1858. the revolutionary democratic despairing of any real action cral strike, and so the second Why did it fall? It repre- ugitation which awept all and still toying with the idea of phase of Chartism ended in de- sented the challenge of a work-

away insurrection, decided upon

the feat. Britain before it fuded"

ing-class, politically immature, almost as suddenly as it arose. Newport (Mon.) rising.

Chartism flared up ones more uneducated and ill-equipped, to The capture of the town and in 1847 with the election of a dominant economic power, the release of Henry Vincent, O'Connor as M.P. for Notting strongly entrenched and well leading Chartist orator, who hum. Again the movement cen- on its way to unparalleled Im- was in Monmouth Castle, was to tred on a petition, and this time perial expansion, be the signal for general insur. O'Connor claimed to have six rection.

Six demands comprised Charter:

Equal electoral areas; Universal suffrage;

Payment of M.P.s;

Vote by ballot;

the

Abolition of property quali-

fications; and

Annual Parliaments.

"All but the last are now ac-

million signatures.

A mighty demonstration was plamed on Kennington Common

IT was, too, one of the

The

carliest manifesta- THE attack was to have for April 10, 1848, and it was tions of class struggic which, been made by three intended that half a million men contrary to what some politi- cepted facts, but in those times columns on November 4, 1839, should march to Parliament to cians would have us believe, was of extreme misery and degra- but owing to mismanagement present the petition.

a native British product. dation of the workers, particu- these failed to unite and the The Government, by this time Its lessons live on. larly among the factory opera- assault was carried out by only thoroughly alarmed-for the Chartists, hampered themselves tives, colliers and handloom 3,000 men armed with rilles title of revolution was running by the lack of political theory, workers of the Midlands and the and colliers' picks. Warned of high on the Continent-placed produced the seeds which the North, these few demands cap- their approach a small party of the Duke of Wellington in genius of Marx and Engels was tured the imagination of the soldiers were lying in wait and charge of military measures to to develop into the theoretical people.

easily dispersed them with rifle prevent insurrection. Two hun basis of modern revolutionary fire and within a few minutes dred thousand special constables Socialism. the insurrectionists were flying were enrolled. to the hills.

CHARTISM arose after

gan

Troops and artillery were Savage prosections followed, placed at strategic points all the defeat of the

scores were transported, and by over central London; Govern- in the 1830's, when carly Trade Union movement the middle of 1840 the move- ment offices and banks were

a small group of London men formed, the Working Men's Association, all the forces in that age of which set to building unity of revolt upon the programime of the Charter.

sentation.

The

Lawrence H.

Kirwan

Moan of the Pessimist

4

ای نگرانی

ט

FEW days ago I was chatting to expect Noah tuld his sons with a heaven, we were all going direct the These workers sent out "mis-an old-timer who could see no-sigh that they were living in de- other wuy-in short, the period was. sionaries" all over Britain, and thing good in the present. Every generate. days. The Romans must so far ke present period." armed insurrection was freely thing that was beautiful belonged to have sorrowed for the age when the del-advoented, so keen

the "dear dead days." Football was mightly Caesar fed his victorious A Wonderful World was the no longer what it used to be. What legions in the ents of the known fied, in Herr Hiller.

demand for democratic repre- have we to-day to compare with the world. Even in the eighteenth cen- There is every reason to believe Hood old has-beens? The modern tury Oliver Goldsmith is lamenting things were never so bad as they But there are other influences

music-hall is wash-out. Not the sad decliue of all things human, are now,

M

Just as surely things were Rapidly becoming the most decent artist since Paul Langtry and besides that of Hebraism that popular leader was one Feargus Little Tich were on the boards. As

"I fures the land, to hastening ills never so good. It depends on the

prey:

point of view. Europe was never so. endanger the future of the O'Connor, former Irish M.P., a for modern politicians, the less said Where wealth accumulates and distracted, the crisis that threatens

demagogue who rarely made a was a stupid and insipid as post- ubout them the better. Modern lite totalitarian self-sufficient State.

men decay."

our civilisation was never so sinis- specch without calling

Edmund Burke, at the close of this ter, and taxation was never so in- for war whisky, Chief among these is the Chris-revolution.

But as certainly can wo same century and when Madame tolerable.

living in I am not given much to flat con- Gulltotine was being sated with the assert that we tian Faith, partly because of its

tradiction. I prefer to be a good blood of French aristocrats, was interesting this world has known,

wonderful age. First step in the Chartist listener. Obviously to my mind the boring the House of Commons to the conditions of life for the mass Possibly the most claim on its members for a campaign was the setting up by poor fellow had grown sentimental tears with a dismal dirge. "The loyalty to another God than the disfranchised of a people's with the advance of years. He was age of chivalry is gone, and the of the population are infinitely brigh- Caesar, and partly because its parliament called the National living in the past. He had come to flower Europe is perished forever." ter, more decent, more sensible than

that stage when one Convention, which sat as a rival nothing but the glory that is

can think of it is the gwan song of the choleric they used to be. There is a more kindly and tolerant spirit among us. and the despairing. moral doctrines encourage to the House of Commons and Those happy times that shimmered

and the minds of men are far from "We have been going to the dogs bent on helping and cleansing and sense of the dignity of man and presented a petition, bearing in the light of a romantic golden ever since the race began. In the lifting up the souls and bodies of

million of a universal human brother one

signatures,

haze were full of peace and quiet opening paragraph of 'A Tale of Two those who have fallen by the way- de- and wholesome Jabour, its miseries Cities' Dickens sums up the position side. hood quite incompatible with

manding of that august as- and cruelties were forgotten, and admirably. It was the best of Umes, sembly all six points of

the the ills of the present had become it was the worst of tinies.... It was our day with that of a century ago.. Compare the moral standard of the Nuzi dogma of race Charter.

a source of grief, as though they the age of foolishness, it was the and you will find it amazingly high superiority. Quite logically

were newly arisen and freshly en- epoch of belief.. It was the therefore the Leader, to whom by delegates elected at vast

The Convention was attended scudered.

of hope, it was the winter oping and uncommonly sound. How many hospitals and infirmaries are caring. The mood is as old as man. I Democracy and the League of torchlight micetings

spair. we are all going direct to for the sick? How many homes are held all Nations and other kindred con-over the country, and first sat

making more comfortable the aged? Think of the chance the modern ceptions born and bred lu Chris on February 4, 1839, at the GRIN AND BEAR IT

child Is receiving, Think of the constant outflow of money for charit anathema. British Hotel, Cockspur Street.

able purposes. The week's

good cause never fails to elicit a vast amount of sympathy.

tian ideology

are

must attack them ut their Charing Cross. The spirit of

fountain head. The surprises are (a) that the Nazi rulers have sufficient

revolt, already in action on the|

superfluous working out, the entire elimina- vitality to launch and continue tion of Roman Catholic teaching! the assault, and (b) that even and influence from the school 1 people

KO disciplined and system throughout Austrin. idealistic us the Germans do not; revolt.

The struggle will be long and bitter, for Roman Catholicism is The campaign opened at the in its sphere as determinedly very beginning of the Nazi totalitarinn as Nazism itself, regime, and in Germany proper, and under the recent Dollfuss-: the pre-Anschluss Germany, has Schuschnigg regime it wielded a developed very specially perhaps fairly considerable political against the Protestant and power in Austria. The issue Evangelical Churches. Now it seems to depend on the extent has been extended to Austria to which the Roman Catholic There the enemy iu Roman population (nominally at least a Catholicism, and its stronghold vast majority) are prepared to is the School. First steps have fight, or compromise, or nc- already been taken. The nuns quiesce. Three possibilities are have been banished from the mentioned. Some doubtless will Kindergartens in Vienna, in- support the Pope and Cardinal cidentally also from the Hos- Innitzer through thick and thin pitals and their places ns and, judging from recent utter- supervisors or nurses have ances, both are likely to assort been taken by Nazi lay ap- the authority of the Vatican. pointees. This is, however, only Some seem anxious to find a via preliminary. Plans have been media. Many-how many it is published which contemplate in impossible to say-are Nazl NEXAS their gradual but complete first, and Catholic only secondly.

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Sir Oliver Lodge is of opinion that If the present progress is maintained prople a century hence "will live to la hundred and be useful all the time." This does not suggest de- generation. Nor are we morally corrupt, Vice is prevolent. It al- ways was. But the amount of sheer goodness among us is amazing. Sir Berkeley Moynihan raid in an ad- dress lately:"I believe in the essential goodness of human nature.

I have to deal with people in the great crlees of their lives--the great testing times of their charac- ters, and I find that when the over-- age character goes into the crucible It is pure gold that comes out. There is pure gold in the heart of the worst of 113.”

Land Of Our Dreams

Yet in spite of all, I am not a cheery optimist. I have a sort of sneaking regard for the pessimist, All is not quiet on the western front. One mistake we have made· is to pat ourselves on the back, and we imagine we are such a wonderful age. Our children are beginning to wonder how in all the earth their grandfathers ever managed to exist. (Continued on Pope: 4):

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