1938-09-06 — Page 22

BEHIND the polished speeches of the statesmen at the Evian Refugee Conference there looms a spectre the spectre of the Home- sick Millions.

You will not find the land where the Homesick Millions live in any atlas, find their

nor

will you numbers in any year-book. For they are scattered all over the globe.

They are tho victims of an extraordinary craze, never known before in history, which has swept the world in the last twenty years.

A craze which impels nations to solve the problem of people they do not happen to like by casting them out of their homes and sending them to wander over the earth.

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6,

The Four

By

C. A. LYON

Arabla, India, Malaya and Chins, NEW realise how great the up to fur-oft Vladivostok, where

movement is. Since the there was still a

Few

end of the war four million men, Russia in existence. women and children have und to

leave the lands they

pack up and flee.

They include:

non-Bolshevist

When Vladivostok fell they had called home, to go a-wandering again. I cannot tell you what the end of them was,

you ony more than I can tell

the end of many Another wandering

1,500,000 Russians from Russia 1,500,000 Greeks from Turkey 350,000 Armenian frem Asta

Minor

120,000 Bulgarians from Greece 20,000 Assyrians from Iraq 135.000 Jews from Germany. Besides thousands more allans, Spaniards and Hungarians,

Nothing Like It

For 1,500 Years

Now these movements wit be unique and surrowful page in the world's history.

band out of the millions,

were

the

HEN there THE

Siberian death trains. Thousands died of disease and hunger on these trains as they crawled across the steppes, bearing their packed loads of refugees to China,

Those Russians who did reach China-they numbered more than 100,000-were, and are, among the their homelands. most wretched of all who quitted

Toiling beside coolies, and living like them, many of the women The French aristocracy which had fallen to almost inconceivable

de-

to leave France after the Revolution gradations, they just eke out enough numbered only a few thousands. to keep alive from the border pro- The Huguenots who fled from vinces to which Soviet wrath drove France numbered only 200,000.

The Jews banished from Britain

in 1290 numbered only 16,000.

them.

There were 135,000

Russians wilo

fed by the south, across the Black Sea from the Crimea,

There has been no forced displace- ment of peoples such as we have had in the last twenty years since the Died On The ITuna and the Tartars swept Into Europe one and

half thousand

years ago.

A

Pavements

They crowded Into Constantinople

And the shindow of the four in 1920, sleeping in barracks, in millions and their varied fates is the cellars, in the streets. They died of background of the Evian conference. hunger on the pavements.

They were dumped in ports and

N°

TO one as yet has adequately on Islands all over the Near East told the story of these while the Allies tried to think what 4,000,000 people.

to do with them, as the statesmen at

I will try to tell you in a few shor: paragraph a little of the tragedy hie will have to portray,

Epic March

Of 14,000 Men

Let us begin with the one and a half million fleeing Russians.

Evian are trying to do to-day.

Shem

World's

Million Wanderers

WHITHER-War-weary Spanish women and children refugees, laden with bedding and other domestic belongings, ftes from Spain.

TRANGE Lates nwalled tried to make a home in Bulgaria,

Three thousand arrived at Bizerta, in French Tunisin, where they were not wanted. Exchanging steppes for the desert The Little Ship they enlisted in the foreign leglon,

· 1938.

handled a plough in its life before who are partners in a farm. Whole Streets

Of Russians

There are, or were, French small holders who are primitive Kalmucks from wild Mongolia, who worship Buddha and are efficient milkers.

The landlords supply these strange refugees with everything they need, they speak Ittle French and for the they have to wait months periodical visit of the Government inspectors to make a request for such a simple thing as some extra saucepans.

but

In three districts of Paris there are whole streets where none but Russians live. They are poor, and their averago earnings might be only 26 a month,

Round the gates of the great Citroen and Renault motor factorles you will often hear little but Russian

the spoken, so many are

Russlan workers there.

Near

the goods depot of the Eastern Railway there was, a few years ago, u strange colony of soldier refugees. All day long officers and men worited side by side os equals, load- ing and unloading the trucks.

A

In the evening they went back to old Russle. They had rented building which they used as a bar- racks. Milliary discipline and dir- Kerences of rank there observed again. Heels clicked and salutes were exchanged.

And all that is only the atory of the Russians.

Driven Into

The Desert

There were the Armenians in Asin Minor. The Turkish coldiery round- ed up armies of them in their villages and drove them Lke cattle falo the desert. Anything from 50 per cent. to 00 per cent, of the long stumbling columns died on the way.

There were the Greeks who poured out of Asia Minor when the Turks took Smyrna. They were shot and bayoneted as they waited in walling not masses on the quays.

The 1,700 left by sea in Afteen

know small craft, bound they where,

Twelve thousand prople were They landed in Korea, but the burned to death when the city was authorities would not have them, set on fire. They tried a second port with the same result. They tried Shanghai, To get rid of them the authorities but the Chinese would not have them

That Leaked

Some settled in Corsica, some in South America. Some, ឆន might have been expected from the crazy When the Soviets rose to power crowded tabs in which they sailed, had given them valueless papers, either. In 1918 hordes of soldiers and peasants and their families fled north,

were shipwrecked. àouth, east and west.' Amazing things happened.

the shores of the Caspian Sea,

ALL the world hoped that

when the first rush of which they were told would get them They sailed on and on to the East cruct custom of turning people out of post-war refugees had subsided the into Turkey. They had set out with Indies, these Russians. A typhoon their homes would never be practised For years many of them drifted three days provisions. They had struck them near Sumatra and some

again. hither and lifther in the world lock- been at sea six weeks.

of the ships were wrecked or But it was not to be. Rather did disabled. Ang for a billet. A striking and

the custom spread from country to After

After a little pause. Spaniards be-

There was the epic march of typical case came under the notice Their little ship was leaking badly. General Tolstoy's 14,000 men along of an acquaintance of mine who was The Turks wanted to pump it out in the pairs they put into Manila, country, each decade bringing its new

Philippines. There, at lost, instalment of miseries. on a visit to Constantinople in 1926, and send them to sea again, but the the American authorities took pity on "Disease-ridden, hünger-tortured, five years after the Russian torrent only pump belonged to the captain them. They were embarked in an gan to troop out of Spain before the

of a British ship, and he was too army transport. After eight months wrath of Primo de Rivera. ragged, they retreated hundreds of was supposed to have subsided, ntiles noross, the bare steppes to

kind-hearted to let them borrow it. of wanderings they finished up In She heard a commotion on a beach

And then Italians were * Fort Alexandrovsk.

What happened to the 165 Russians San Francisco. There they found out of Italy before the

trooping near the city.

In the end? No one knows.

wrath of Mussolini.

And in 1933 Hitler began to persecute the Jews.

work and settled.

Four-fths of them. died on the A little fishing smack. almost way. Somehow tliose who were sinking under the weight of the 165

THEN there was the voyage left reached Basra, on the Persian hungry Russians who were crowded

THE Russians who wandered of 1,700 refugees from themselves. Four hundred thousand to Franco are a story in Gulf, and put themselves under the into her, had arrived at the beach.

Vladivostok. protection of Britain. ·

The refugees were put in a kind

of them live there. open on the beach while the Britain, not knowing what to do Turks decided what to do with them, their opponents, knowing they would Gascony. There is a Russian peasant After this port fell to the Soviets There are Russians farming in with them, shipped them all round It appeared that the voyagers had got no mercy, fed far and wide. and a Russian general who

FILM STARS IN THE NEWS

PEARL WHITE The death of Pearl White, blonde Queen of silent film Serials, who had been gravely ill In the American Hospital, Paris, was reported recently

improved slightly. have She was 40 apd had lived in seclusion at her coul try home in France since 1925. Peart Wilte retired' from the screen nearly

#eventeen years ago.

FREDERIC MARCH

Taken while at work In that studio, Froderie Macoli, the 40-year-old fim actor, is donfined to his bed at is Hollywood home under the care of three specialista. He is suffering from a sore throat, chill and fever, Last December he underwent an open- tion in New York following: a serious Infection of the tight lex.

GRETA GARBO Увед Me..Loopold Stokowski, conductor of the Philadelphia'Orchestra,, left Stockholm yesterday, Greta Garbo drove to the station with him, ^Bat ̃ ̄Kha did not see him off 'on' the platform. According to re- poris, Garbo finy mégi film, shortly in Pada): They' arrived at Haarby, 10 Sweden, on May 6, where Turbo has an estate.

MARGOT GRAHAME Secking a divorce-from Francis Lister, her actor- husband, Marget Grabame, the British film actress.

·‚has' · arrived at Reno, Nevada. Slie WII lay there unul she has oli- tained Πιο residential qualification required by the Reno Court. The divorce will be uncon tested," she said when the

• news was announced,

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