1938-08-08 — Page 34

Hongkong Telegraph 港電新報 士蔑新聞 All

10%

WHAT DOTH IT PROFIT?

! By An Old Stager ABROCHURE has just been taued

in support of the overwhelming case for national parks in Great Bri- tain. This foreword consists of an extract from an address to the an- nual conference of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England by Professor G. M. Trevelyan.

He observes that the Government in ut

at present engaged, on a healh campaign, and undertakes to assist in finding playing fields for the dwellers in our vast elties. It is no less essential, Professor Trevelyan points out, to preserve for the nation regions where wallding grounds and

young and old can enjoy the sight of unspoiled Nature. "And it is not,"

he contends, "n question of physical

exercise only.

It

also a question

of spiritual exercise and enjoyment, spiritual values. It is a question of Without vision the people perish, und thout the sight of the beauty of Nature the spiritual power of the British people will be atrophied."

and "Yet we are datiy permitting. by our law encouraging." he pro- the regions ceeds, "the destruction our city dwellers desire su much, and which the next generation will in WILL eyen greater numbers desire. shorter hours of work, holidays with Irisure for Increasing ту milions, the question of the proper use of leisure has become a national problem second to none In Spor tance.

And it makes the provision and parks

rks increasingly

k

national

urgently necessary |

Professor Trevelyan vatends that natural beauty stands by the side of religion, science, poetry, and art, not a rival, but as the cunnon in- spirer and nourisher of them all, and with a secret of its own beside. "It is," he declares in a happy phrase, "the highest common denominator in1 the spiritual life of to-day

Mean and Vulvar Sights

--

Surely there will be nobody, what- ever his or her outlook on life, who will even question the abiding truth of this assertion? But can anybody Also question the absolute veracity then of what Professor Trevelyan proceeds to state? proceed

"Yet now that it most consetously values. ing inosi rapidly destroyed upon this plunet, and, above all, in this island, In old days nerded no conserva- tion; ran was camped in the midst of it, could not get away from 11, still less destroy it. Indeed, until the end of the eighteenth century the works of man only added to the beauty of Nature. But science and machinery

armed hin have now with weapons that will be his own making or undoing, as he chooses to use them.

"AL prezent

destroying natural beauty apice in die ordinary of business and economy. course Unless he now will be at pains to of make rules for the preservation natural beauty, unless he consciously protects it at the partial expense some of his other greedy

DI

activities. he will cut off his own spiritual sup- plies, and leave his descendants a helpless prey for ever to the buse inaterialism of mean and vulgar sights."

de

"Nobody who roams our country. de to-day, and notes with obser- vant eyes the rapid vandalism that sheer materialism is effecting in the most

sacred

of shrines

natural beauty, will doubl thut these are words that needed urgently to be sild,

As one who for his sins is con- demned to work and dwell in Lon- don, but has never iniased an oppor- tunity to get away into the country green, I can testify that the remorse- less and ruthless demolition of our countryside is steadily marching on- wurd month by month. Before the War one could get out into the coun- try in half an hour's railway

run from Charing Cross To-day, unless one is content to accept semi-subur- bla as genuine country, it takes an hour, Everywhere the spirit of in- disciplined and uncontrolled commer- cialism is making hideous the oncel beautiful.

D

THE HONGKONG.

TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, AUGUST 8, 1938:

A.R.P Open Letter to

EAR Mr. Lloyd.-Con- gratulation on your new job-full time Minister in charge of Air Raid

Precautions.

You have a tough job before you, England, on a whole, does not believe that A.R.P. have been properly handled in the past by your department, and therefore the xiation has not responded to the many A.R.P. appeals which haya been made to it.

Once we all feel that A‚R.P. are on a sound nation-wide basts you will find all ready to help.

First let me suggest you might Ro out and about to find what responsible Jocni propie think about A.I.P. In their own districts. Let them Lelf you their own problems and dimealties. And don't confine yourself tu one sec- Llon or class of the community.

Talk to folk who have to work A.R.P. details in sitems and distressed areas, as well as those in charge of industrial undertakings or suburban 10wns,

arr

Shelters

Of course, fundamentally you

faced

with two problems- either you can protect people from bombs in their homes or nearby, or you can plan to evacuate thera from danger spots to safer rofugen.

Three years ago a special De- partment of the Home Office was set up to deal with A.R.P.--a staif of ten housed in seven rooms. Ouly after two and a half years was a decision reached on finaner with local authorities, and the first Ate Raid Precautions Act passed tu December, 1937.

Even now, the two vital ques- tions of polley-shelter protection and evacuation-remain unsettled. Their importance and inter- dependence has at last been par- tally recognised and A small Parliamentary Committee is ex- amining evacuation,

Shelter policy, however, is as in- decisive as ever,

Householders are expected to Increase the natural protection of their homes, at their own expense; employers to arrange shelters for their staffs; local authorities

provide for those caught out of doors or whose homes afford in- sufficient cover.

10

But two very different standards of protection seem to be contem- plated; a low standard for those at home, and a much higher stan- dard for those at work or caught In the streets. The position is not at all clear.

In the Home

Geoffrey Lloyd

haps over the aperture by which air enters under the door. This is à process which could be completed, as far ns the vast number of houses is concerned in a

minute or two."

in

It may be a sign of grace that, the recent Parliamentary debate. Government spokesmen referred to homa protection against splinters and blast; but it is clear that they did not envisugo anything like the protectivo stan- dards laid down for factories and business premises.

Under present International con- ditions, a new conception of shelter policy is urgently necessary.

In every area where there is ap- preciable risk of air attack you must arrange ample shelter pro- tection for all the population. whether at home or at employ- ment or elsewhere, at any time of the day or night.

As you know, this can be provided in a number of ways,

In

strongly constructed buildings, by utilising base- ments, cellars, or above-ground rooms or corridors, provided the roof is strengthened to stand the strain if the building above should be wrecked, and provided the walls, windows and doors are reinforced.

By special light shelters, of steel and concrete, built above or below ground.

By narrow revetted trenches. with cross-supports and ample overhead covering of earth and rubble.

Evacuation

This essential minimum protec- tion is very different in quantity and quality to the confused pro- pusals which your departinent has put forward up to the present.

If properly constructed, however, it would provide reasonable cover against anything except a direct hit by high-explosive bomb; and, as a matter of undoubted urgency, It can be provided quickly, It Involves, however,

caroful planning by yourself and the local authorities, who must assume re- sponsibility for its provtalon. You must no longer leave the house- holder to make what arrangements he can, at his own expense.

Protection against direct hit by high-explosive bombs is a different matter. On a limited scale, it la necessary for some essential ser- vices.

But on a large scale for the populations of the highly threatened areas—it would be very

In the case of factories and bust- costly involve a widespread de- ness premises, the official Hand- struction or worsening of amoni- book lays down standarda for ties, and take you a considerable indoor shelters which will give pro- time to provide. Whether in time tection against splinters, blast of peace the community would and gas.

consider the advantages worth the With regard to protection at cost and convenience is doubt- homa, however, you yourself ex- ful. In any case, much more tech- plained in the House of Commons nical Investigation into types, con- as recently as November 10 last struction and cost is desirable, and that "the recommendations of the you should undertake this with- ARP. Department are simple and out delay. cheap.

Meanwhile, if you make avail- It is a question of pasting able tho essentini minimuni paper over the cracks in the win- shelter protection proposed above dows, of putting old Backs or nuwe, you will have gone a long way to papers up the chimney, and por- reducing the worst offects of norial

bombardment,

-To-day's Thought- SELF preservation to the first

law of Nature.

-BUTLER.

And now we come to the prob- lems of evacuation from danger zones.

However nir warfare may develop, and whatever the

CHINESE TURN ON INVADER

Stiff Fight On

Namoa Island

strength of the defence, many bombers will get through again and again; and whether they come twenty at a time or two hundred. they will create havoc. It would be folly to base A.R.P. on other than the most serious probability.

The choice in the danger zones is essentially between two evila: either the evacuation to safer dis- tricts of large sections of the popu- lation, or thole exposure to pro- longed attack from the air.

I cannot understand why the Government, well knowing the ter- rible dangers, should have hesi- tated to take a decision on evacua- tion policy. For years, according to Government spokesmen, "the matter has been under considera- tion and constantly in our minds." But, in fact, as revealed in the recent Parliamentary debate. no decisions whatever have yet been taken about the areas to be evacu- ated, who should be evacuated. where the people abould go, how they should be housed, whether compulsion should be exercised, or how evacuation should be carried out.

The Children

These questions have only now been referred to the recently ap- pointed Parliamentary Committee,

Consider, first, the children.

The Government has stated that where the risk of attack is great schools will be closed during the whole period for which adr ralds may be reported.

The short period of warning would not allow children to be sent home when a raid immedi- ately threatened, and, therefore, "they should be kept at home to share in the protective arrange- ments designed for the general public.

thoso arcas which are especially exposed to danger, the ideal solution would bo to evacuate the children to safer districte, preferably in the country.

In

This advice ignores realities. War may continue for a lengthy porlod Mothers may be out at work Children, except the very young, cannot be kept at home uli day. Particularly under the ex- citement of war conditions. the effect on discipline, behaviour, and mental development would devastating.

be

Physical danger to life and limb would be great; but, even more important, the havoc, horror and terror of air attack must, on sen- sitive and Immature minds, have grave psychological results,

For the reasons. I believe that in every area so seriously threat- enod na to warrant the closing of the schools, plans for the evacua- tion of the children, including those under school age, should be prepared-but not to camps, and not for children by themselves.

Family Group

In any area from which the children have to be ovacuated other sections of the population must be evacuated too,

Obviously, the most practicable

GEOFFREY WILLIAM LLOYD, Parila- Under-Secre-

mentury

Cary for Home Affaira Isince 1935), now deuotes full time to A‚RP, Born thirty-six years ago. went to Harrow and Cambridge. Was private secretary to Mr. Baldwin (1929-31), and his Par- Itamentary Private Secretary (1931-35).

hand. The dimeulties and con- fusion and risks of getting the from the danger people away areas may well be great, particu- larly when bombing is in progress.

It is just preposterous to imply. as the Government has done, that 3,000,000 persons might be moved 60 miles or more out of war-Lon- don by rail in 72 hours.

Similarly, in the areas to which

.ས་ evacuation takes place, familles will have to be roughly fitted in with existing households for the most part, and mach will have to be done in arranging food supplies and extending the local health, education and other public ser- vices to meet the greatly increased demands upon them.

Your choice, I repeat, is a choice between fantastic evils.

We have to expect serial war- fare on an unprecedented scale, greatly beyond anything experi enced in Spain or Abyssinia or China.

If you can arrange to move large numbers of people to less danger- ous zones, even at the cost of much hardship and

discomfort, and perhaps muny casualtics, you will at Icast have saved many lives and much injury, and have avoided the demoralisation of whole communi-

tics.

I wish you all success in your great undertaking. Let me add that if you bring a now spirit of leadership and reality to your de- partment you will not find your fellow citizens slow to do their part in this the primary and least ag- gressive kind of self-defence,

unit of evacuation, as well as the G. Grant McKenzie

most generally desirable, is the family or household group.

Evacuation will necessarily be a rough and ready affair, no matter what plans are prepared before-

EDUCATION INQUIRY

IN MALAYA

(Mr. Grant McKenzie is Sceretary of the Local Government Depart ment of the Labour Party)

education of the general practitioner in Malaya.

The terms of reference state that the Commission will conalder, In the light of local needs, the conditions In Malaya.

The Commission will also report upon the present work of Raffles College, and on any potential develop- ment which may seem desirable.

such commercialism actually pays, Miles of ugly, raw suburbs, of Our standard of public taste is not ribbon-built factories, and roaring high enough even to boycott it. motor roads disfigure once pleasing But perhaps the greatest threat to prospects. People must have homes what remains of this green land of in which to live, and we must have ours comes from the craze for more factories and roads, but surely there and more motor runds. That We of road cught to be controlling authority to must have efficient means insist

Is not that in these developments transport

But is not challenged. there should be some regard to artist absolutely necessary

ary that people the decency and aesthetic values who are too lazy to walk a mile or

London, Aug. 7. such authority in fact exists, as no honk at 59 or 00 miles an

two on foot must be allowed to honk-

Mr. Malcolm MacDonald, Secretary The Commission will comprise Mr. doubt I may be told, then It is most

hour

of State for the Colonies, in consulta K. W. M. Pickthorn, as Chairman. impotently neglecting its urgent duty.

the few remaining CODI

tion with Sir Shenton Thomas, the Professor H. J. Channon, and Sir vales of the United King- Under cover of darkness Chinese Governor of the Strafts Settlements, William H. McLean. According to dom? Let them at express militiamen the launched an attack has appointed a Commission to vielt present arrangements, they will sail

ruce speed, if they want to, between city on the Japanese positions at Lungoa, Malbyn in the autumn to survey the from England about middle And what can be said in excuse and city, but keep them to the beaten Namoa Island, on Saturday night, say existing arrangements for the higher September.—Reuter, for those unsightly advertisements tracks.

Chinese press reports from Canton, that are with increasing prodigality Once road transport is admitted to Following repented bayonet charges and vulgarity being plastered all over the rustic beauty spots, those shrines the Chinese succeeded in breaking our landscape? Surely there are cease to exist or to attract. At pre- through the defence line and pressed other effective means of making sent, with the hearty connivance of the Japanese to Sumion,

humanity known to suffering

the our Ministry of Transport, the last coast.

The Chinese, however, govereign panaceas devised by astute quiet citadels of Pan are being commercialisin than disfiguring green stormed pitilessly.

Inhabited by Barbarians

near the

evneunted rein-

meadows with quack advertisements? If ever there was a case of kill the town an hour later when

forced Japanese counter-intinefted

But this scandalous vandallam goes ing the goose that lold the golden Lungon vigorously. Boil sides sut much further even than this. A eggs, here we have it. Twenty years fered, considerable casualties, includ- friend just back from a holiday in hence, as things are now being allowing Colonel Chen Han-ying, Vice- ed to drift, any foreigners, who come Commander of the M'litiemen, who a well-known island resort ussures me that, in the midst of the most to this country will do so to view was wounded. It is reported a large charming glen, in that place, there our Industrial activities. There will was wounde

quantity millory supplies And

are penny-in-the-slot mutoscopes of be nothing else to see outside our ammunition were seized from the dublous spiritual uplift And try-museums, and even the largest of Japanese by the raiders who are now your-strength machinest

those will not house as much rural holding the hilly regions at Wunon These manifestations give intelli,charm us a horse'a nosebay.

It is estimated that about 1,500 gent foreign visitors the impression Let us hope that Professor Trevel Japanese und Korean troup are

nów that our island is still inhabited by yon may not have spoken in vain, stationed at various poing on the barbarians. An impression which and that, the National Parks move shore around the Inland

while

more MRY

ulte understandable, but ment will have sufficient influence to than a dozen Japanese warships. which is nevertheless distinctly a wake up somnolent House of are patrolling off the north coast to libel on the Ancient Dritons. These dreds of millions on armin to defend the mainlund from crossing the strait Commons. We are spending hun-

prevent Chinese reinforcements atrocities are of modern growth, They mark the untrammelled evolu- taken soon and drastically, there will second landing all fishing junka hove this country, but, unless action is to the Island. Since the Japanese tion of twentieth-century commer- cialism The, pity is that apparently.

be no country left worth fighting for. either been seized or burnt

be

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20th August.

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OUR

10

2

BRITISH CROSSWORDS

14

E

ACROSS

#11

1 Praise for a game fellow? (two

words--4, 0).

6, They shoot at by around this

(4).

10 Part of a big collection makes

sense (5).

11 It is before the young and be- hind the old (two words-0, 3), 12 It should leave no grounds for

complaint in coffee (8).

Illuminating

13 Would

suffice

remarks to guide one at this? (5)

of 15 He may brghten a boat and get

attached to it (7). 17 This frult was said to make an

ashy mouthful (two words-4. 3).

10 Often to be seen on a head at

Brooklands (7).

21 This kind of water is not pure

(7).

22 Those who this are not in fine

Leather (5).

24 Put tint on me in curative form

(8).

27 This needs a move if the hands

are behind time' (9).

20 This may catch, many kinds of Ish but the end is useful for soles (5).

29 A roundabout feature of the

river (4).. 30 "Sheer blast (amag.) (10). -

DOWN

1 Onity' part of a house, but mostly

dll (4).

2 Ita striking effects may bo-

shocking (0)

3 Genuine in India (0),

4 An official no reujm could pro

duce (7).

[23

118

5 Finished about a Anished clty

but did not Aninh (7).

7 Not the language of the purist

(5).

A letter between the happening and the helper at long last (10). If there's one thing that's clear about an insect it's a plant (8). 14 In a sticky situation (four words

-2, 1,

1, 3, 4). 10

Betraying

teur (8).

request to the racon-

18 Not an additional process (9), What 18 down might make a gorment (7),

20

21 Most of this island has yet to

come to the majority (7).

parts of

23 Fressed from two

Edinburgh (5).

25 In the hands of strikers may

become inflammatory (5) 20 A eros? (4).

SATURDAY'S SOLUTION "VOTING 8EAT

GENEROUS SUPPLE

|| D|-|A|EN|

SEASONED CLOSET TULETEARFUL TI I REGRET AO NEWLA IDEYY CANVAS LEORMAN AI "PITEOUS F COSMOS DI STRES 9 IE DU LOADER) ABUBBD BOOTFREE

EO THE ARM UN ÉT DONE IN BEOT

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