1938-08-05 — Page 18

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPII, FRIDAY, AUGUST 6, 1988.

A BREATH OF ENGLAND

Daishower at Whitbread's flap Farm. Dy Algernon Takmage, R A. Fshibited as ine Hapal Accums, gad

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Here are little-known facts about the

FORTIFIED

IGNOR MUSSOLINI'S

FRONTIERS

announcement that he is

engaged in hermetically scaling the last Alpine passes negotiable by an enemy focuses attention on the truly extraordinary state of affairs that has come about on the Continent in regard to frontier fortifica- tions.

In feudal times barons would ring themselves in and defy so, digging them- assault. In 1938 whole nations are doing selves in, as it were.

The implication of this intensive self-fortiflcation would Your dealer or garage man recom- appear to fall into two spheres. First, we have certain of the small nations, those in the line of fire, determined to ring them- selves in, in safely, keeping out of the threatened holocaust.

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The second implication would seem to be that those of the Powers apparently bellicosely another are confronting one bunking on mainly an air, not a land, war. They are surround- ing themselves by theoretically impenetrable land barriers over which the real war would be carried on in the air.

Hongkong Telegraph. Cost £50,000,000

FRIDAY, Austr 5, 1938.

BAD BOYS OF ASIA

STUDY the

BRITISH ISLES

-By-

Tuohy

Ferdinand

who describes the great modern defences-the| underground fortresses, concrete and steel pill-boxes, the mines and batteries which extend for thousands of miles across the Continent to-day.

Berlin

LONDON

Dresden

Paris

1A

FRANCE

map of

PAOPO

Europe and you will encounter a dozen or so greater or lesser systems of defence, of

and permanence

A power

un-

SPAIN

MADRID

of until the advent of

“GOLDEN, PYRAMID" "Yesterday's despatches reach-the Maginot Laine, and extent-

AND

"EMBASSY'

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Music hath charms Sunday Classical Concert

at Repulse Bay Hotel Under leadership of

Geo. Pio-Ulski

Programme for Sunday, 7, August, 1938.

1. Undine.

1 p.m. -- 2.30 p.m.

PROGRAMME

Ouverture

2. Invano. Serenade

3. Valse-Fantasic

4. 2nd ungarlan Rhapsody

5. Moonlight Madonna

6. Magyar Puszta

7. Spanish Dance. No. 1

For Reservations

phone 27775.

REPULSE

BAY

HOTEL

Lortzing.

..Amadei, .Glinka.

.Liszt. Fibich.

.De Maurizi.

....Moszkowski,

ing this newspaper added to the ing over thousands of miles. impression that the Japanese are behaving in a fashion which will earn them the reputation of being the bad boys of Asia.

It all started just ten years go, when engineering advisers of the French War Minister, the late Andre Maginot, proposeti

The German Defences

uf

GERMANY'S

answer consists of three lines

(GBA)

filma

Warsaw

POLAND

RUSSIA

ក្នុង ១

LOVAKIA

HUNGARY

Czernewitz

RUMANIA

JUGOSLAVIA

ADRIATIC

TALY

Rome

Demolition Plan

BULGARIA

PALACK:

SEA

Nuremberg. The main blow would probably come down the Oder through the Moravian

gateway. Here, south of Glatz and Neisse, Sile-. sia, is the most vulnerable land route into Czecho-Slovakia. The rest of the long frontier with Germany (and with Po- land) is moun- tainous and thickly forested, presenting strong natural barrier..

a

All along the German border

ure concrete and steel pill-boxes THEN comes the line of topped by cupola-shaped steel shelterling machine- the Albert Canal. But turrets, forts and strong points, Belgians perhaps have most guns and anti-tank guns. (The now jointly as "Michel." The faith in their plan of demolition, army has one Bren for every 20

men, highest ratio in Europe.)

Confronting the Czech line, In spite of the sincerest ussur-the eastern frontier protective the adjacent mountainous region Holland stands by her dykes the Germans have crected a pre- ances from the Foreign Office system that has since become of the Moselle known as that there is no intention what-historic. The original line ran Hunsruck,

ever

Far East, and

Japanese policy towards British Here and there are located

principal line includes the Eifel, calculated to bar any inrush.

the

and so on through and waterways, interspersed be- cautionary system which "as- which are many new sumes concentrated form at batterics and frontier garrison points where danger of invasion regiments.

might lie.

Switzerland is very busy dig. Moscow's Threat

ging herself in. A "Maginot"

to undermine British or from Luxembourg to the Rhine the Odenwald to the western tween other foreign interests in the and cost £50,000,000; its under- slopes of the Black Forest.

The second line runs from the the still stub-ground wonders have often been bornly defended contention that described--perhaps too often in Taunus range, above Wiesbaden,

earlier years.

to the valley of the Neckar, be

in miniature is coming into be- . THESE fortifications are hind Heidelberg. Japan has no territorial ambi-

ing along the frontier strip con-

now being strengthen- The point of chief importance

The tions in China, the bare, cold

third section

light of Moscow's is inter- sidered most vulnerable-from ed in the has been the merging of the twined in the Black Forest from Bale to Lake Constance. But statement that it might be ne- facts are apt to be a little

forts and strong points in the Rastatt down to Lorrach, on the the Confederation is not for- cessary to drive a way through chilling to goodwill. Last night's

surrounding topography, so Swiss frontier. This confronts getting other areas, notably the the 100 miles of Rumanian terri- front page rather illuminated that they are us good as invisi- the French River Rhine forti- Jura, where there is a notorious tory separating the Soviet from

her Czech ally.. the situation with respect to ble.

Beations, covered by the Vosges "hole" facing France. behind.

The mountain passes every- The Czech frontier is only 130 Belgium and Holland have where are, in the Duce's phrase, miles from Berlin, and the possi- each undertaken extensive if being hermetically sealed, and bility, if remote, of sections of differing fortified systems. Bel- would be held by specialised the Red Army appearing almost gium's covers about 30 miles, units living self-containedly at within sight of Dresden is be-

ing taken into account. from the France-Luxembourg immense altitudes. border up to north of Maestricht,

Czecho-Slovakia is proud of

Passing to Russia herself, she and is a composite of four fac- her defensive system, which has an 890-miles western fron- will now probably be extended tier running from the Gulf of In the densely wooded and so as to counter the new forti Finland to Czernowitz, and a fications being begun by Ger- further 300 miles bordering hilly Ardennes a special corps would operate. In the Eupen- Czech border to the south.

many along the late

Austro- Rumania to the Black Sea. A massive line of strong points is Malmedy aren is great slope

Prague might have to face under construction, whose mis-

invasion the German main simultaneous

from sion it will be to guard the sup- arteries half-way to Cologne. Breslau, Dresden, Munich, and posedly coveted Ukraine.

that

subterranean

and

of the canals

be-

tors.

manding

GRIN AND BEAR IT

trade and the future of British

junctions interests which are so vitally store centres far bigger in arca affected by this widespread than Rub-Piccadilly Circus; "ined at." It was disclosed, these being linked together by for instance,

although scores of miles of galleries. the British authorities, in the The main junctions, situated shape of the Royal Navy's at points of highest tactical and oflicers in the Yangtse, consider strategical consequence, possess it perfectly safe for British na-everything, from hospitals down, tionals to return to their hold- to withstand a cut-off siege. ings in Kiukiang, the Japanese Defence Chief Daladier is now on which are fortifications com- military is preventing them. extending the Maginot Line Ostensibly the Japanese are from Luxembourg to Dunkirk, merely thinking of the security making full use of foreign lives when they for and mining areas of the North. bid the return of foreign businessmen to occupied areas. that great centre of commerce But in cffect they are slowly and industry. Already, strangling British commerce as cause of two devastating in- effectively, or more so, than vasions within five years, the done in Manchuria economic underpinning of they have (now Manchukuo), But more Shanghai has been noticeably,

of than anything else, the Japan- shaken. So fb process ese behaviour in the matter of "freezing out the foreigner" or the Whangpoo dredging shakes gradually supping his strength confidence in their promises so that he cannot meet Japan- to do nothing to injure foreign ese competition might not re- trade. The letter of Mr. Ed-quire many years to complete ward Mackay, former chairman effectively; particularly if the of the Shanghai Chamber of Yangtse Valley and those parts Commerce, published in the of China which trade through London Times, which points out Shanghai are permanently cut that the continued refusal of off from their port. It is time the Japanese to allow the that Britain demanded, and Whangpoo to be dredged will with unmistakable firmness, eventually mean the closing of just what is the reason for the the port to heavy tonnage, is Japanese refusal to allow the highly significant. Every one Whangpoo to be dredged. The knows what vast investments silence of Japanese authority in are represented in the Inter-this matter is becoming more national Settlement. Every one' than unsatisfactory. It is sus-

what their isolation pect. And a little more of it| mean to the future of will be offensive.

THE HONGKONG & SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD. knows

ZAR

BUSINESS COLLER SECRETARIAL SCAN

| Chyr, 18] ày United Traine

North and south of this, espe- cially north, the Soviet is rely- ing for protective purposes on a

By Lichty wide belt of prepared waste land.

"and you'll find our training is thorough-why, $0 per cent of last year's graduates have already married their employer:!”! --

This is believed to be 20 miles in depth in parts.

Road and rail nodal points would be blown up in the event of invasion, while batterics would have a clean sweep over the prepared (and heavily mined) defensive "no man's land."

The Finns have built a brief" fortified system against the Bolsheviks.

Pyrenees Safeguard

THE French are rapidly fortifying the sand- hills of the Tunis-Libya frontier, it being believed in Paris that any Italian army coup against the Republic would first make itself folt in this quarter. A. land war' on the European Con- tinent is not thought to be in the Duce's reckoning.

A frontier that has for a cen-- tury and a quarter gone unforti- fled, the Pyrenees, is fully ex- pected to revert to times gone by-indeed, the French are al- ready drawing up plans to de- fend the five principal points of Ingress. Spanish Nationalist long-range gune having been re- ported

48 dominating the Bayonne-Pau country.