1938-07-04 — Page 6

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MONDAY, JULY 4, 1938.

UNPALATABLE REMEDY

It will seem an impossibly paradoxical sort of st fement, but, taking the long view, tany people believe that the invasion

The LIE DETECTOR

Found Me Out

By LIONEL G. SHORT

THE Ace of Spades, sometimes named the "Death Card," bowled me over in

a test which I have just made with a lie detector.

I was in the sitting-room of the Itev. Walter T. Summers, Professor of Psychology at Ford- ham University, New York, whose invention was recently praised by the judge of a New York State Criminal Court.

Small metal blocks rested against the palms of my hands, wires attached to them led to the amplifier, which in turn was connected with the recording instrument. Graph paper with an electric needle stood ready to record my reactions to questions put by Mr. Summers.

I had already chosen, unknown to the examiner, the ace of spades from half a dozen cards he offered me. When he turned up each card and asked if that were the one I'd chosen 1 shook my head to each.

100% Claim MR. SUMMERS watched the needio busily pencilling the record, which soon looked like an imitation Alpine

range. Then he drew out the ace of spades from the pack and said that was the card I'd select- ed.

When I again answered "No," after the ace had been produced the needle rose to a great peak which, according to Mr. Sum- mers, proved I was telling a lie.

Since he invented the lie de- tector, which he prefers to call

with more hus experimented than 6,000 cases and believes the

A. S. WATSON & CO., LTD. of China by the Japanese is the "truth finder," Mr. Summers

INTERESTING RECORDS

FROM THE

H.M.V. JUNE Release

likely to prove the greatest

are due

cross-

The New Jersey policeman (left) who, as revealed in this article, was teated by Mr. Sum-

(right)

Lie on the Detector. The graph shows the changes of emotion during questioning.

stoical, and calm you are, the scrupulously observed évery all at one time refused admission more suspectible you will be to formality. the electric needle.

as evidence, although to-day "The vibrations of the needle aaid, "our courts have deemed in law,"

"For hundreds of years," he their right is firmly entrenched to alterations in the the examination and blood produced by the adrenal

Judge Colden revealed that examination of witnesses in out of 271 persons tested on the gland.

to be the best me-

lie detector open court

at Fordham Uni- "This gland discharges its thod so far devised to ascertain versity 49 out of 50, guilty were hormone into the blood-stream the truth, but it seems to me detected, 100 out of 102 accom- under emotional stress, and the that this lie detector or patho- plices were revealed, while other hormone stimulates the heart to meter and the technique by tests exonerated 119 innocent

which it is used indicate a new people.

pump the blood fuster."

The decision of Judge Colden and more scientific approach to to admit the lie detector as evi- the discovery of truth in legal dence is regarded by Mr. Sum- investigation. mers DA a great personal "Objections to the use of triumph.

scientific proof are not new. Judge Colden, who is acknow- Fingerprints, X-rays, hand-writ- ledged to be one of the sanest ing, bullet judges

markings, and York State psychiatric examinations

in New

JURY BOX HUMOUR.

were

"In the examination of many of those persons," he added, "the results indicated 100 per cent. accuracy."

Used by Police

THE verdict of the lie detector, although ad- mitted as evidence, is not yet accepted in court as sufficient in itself without substantiation from other sources.

benefit to these unhappy neigh-instrument to be 100 per cent.ANIEL O'CONNOR was once de- jury's verdict was:-"We and him Kenny-charged with robbery-

bours of ours, whose whole › perfect.

Before the Negro, Major history is a series of conflicts, Green, was tried for murder in most of them internal. As long the Mrs. Mary Robinson case in as China had those petty wars New York, he was tested by Mr. she never could have won to any Summers, who reported to the real greatness as a nation. She police that the detector suggest. ed Green was guilty. Later the lacked that vital quality, unity, Negro confessed; and it was the without which no people can

lie detector chart which helped to send him to the electric chair. uchieve mightily. She was like

In Rhode Island

|

a man was

The jurymen who freed a young man named Raymond fending a man for murder. the middle of the proceedings the the trail of the feathers. But we detector test, said they would In guilty of the footmarks and also of after he had submitted to the lie walked into Court, find him not gulity of stealing the have believed its veracity more.

fowls."

murdered man

Judge told the jury to return their After recovering from the shock, the

verdiet.

50,"

A well-known thier, being tried if the test had been made sooner for his life, confessed to the robbery. after the crime had been com- "Guilty," was the answer.

The Judge thereupon ordered the mitted. "But." said the Judge, "the sup- jury to find him guilty on his own Posed murdered man is here alive." confession. The jury, in spite of this,

"That may be foruman, "but all

replied the after consulting together, brought I know is the him in "Not guilty."" prisoner stole my brown mare." The Judge asking the reason, the A Judge directed a jury to acquit foremen repiled: "There is reason a prisoner on the ground that there enough, for we all know him to be was no evidence against him, but one of the greatest llars in the asked why the foreman sald:-- the jury convleted, and on being country."

*

Merciful verdicts are now again brought in which the

*

**

1:

were

a family divided against itself.accused of murdering a woman, Her warlords kept her poor. but the body was never found. "Well, my Lord, it's like this, li An assistant Judge was trying a And possibly because of these

Mr. Summers, using his detec-the man isn't guilty, what's he doing case of nuisance, and in summing-up

he enlarged so much on a tor, reported that the man was in the dock?"

definition BD5354-Paswonky, F.T.

"Fats" Waller Orchestra. centuries of rivalries which

innocent. Later the police learn- A man arrested for murder bribed of the offence that the jury

| a inevitably culminated in battle, ed that BD5353-Always and Always. F.T.

friend on the jury to hold out for sick tired of listening to him. the woman had dis- A verdict of manslaughter. The When he had concluded and was Sweet Someone. F.T.

the national character has been appeared of her own accord. Jury were out for a long time. At passing the jury-box, he said to the BD5358--Tears in My Heart. Slow F.T.... Henry Jacques Orch.affected. It would not be quite

A New Jersey policeman was last they brought in verdict of foreman, "I will now retire while you Why Talk about Love. Quick Stop.

are considering your verdict, but I accused of taking a bribe from manslaughter fair to say that the people, in

understand The prisoner then rushed up to his hope you

the

various L motorist, and vehemently BD5356-Have you ever been in Heaven. F.T. Jack Harris Orch. the majority, had no national denied the accusation. He sub-to you. Was It hard work?"

frlend und said, "I'm much obliged points I have raised.

"Oh, yes, my Lord," said the fore- Mama, I wanna make Rhythm. F.T.

feeling, perhaps; but it must mitted to a test by the lie detec-i "Very," said the juryman. "The man.

nan. "We are all agreed that we 88737-Licbostraum (Lisxt). F.T. .Quintele of Hot Club Orch. have been dormant or very

tor (see picture above), and lost other eleven wanted to acquit you never knew before what a nuisance his job after Mr. Summers had The Sheik of Araby. F.T.

and was until we heard your Lordship under-developed to have failed

clr-summing-up. reported that the instrument cumstances of the case do not war- . Max Miller.

A case was being tried at York. through the years to exert had recorded against the police-rant. Such occurred at a Quarter before Mr. Justice Gould. When it cohesive power which it has done | man.

Sessions where a man was charged had proceeded for over two hours the ..Comedy Harmonists.in other lands. It may be that

with stealing fowls.

Judge observed there were only He lived not far from the hen- eleven jurymen in the box, and in- this lack was responsible for the

house which had been robbed. Foot- quired where the twelfth man was. "Please you, my Lord," said one "IF you have a poker-marits, known as his led from the

far of them, he has gone away about With Vocalists and New Mayfair Orchester, civil strife; or it may be that the

face," Mr. Summers hen-house to his cottage, not constant wars subdued the germ told me, "don't think you can to his cottage. There were also other verdict with me."

away.

A trail of feathers also led some business, but he has left his DB3362-Concorte in G Major (Mozart)

The more lothargic, suspicious

M. Jackson. Edwin Fischer with Chamber Orchestra. of patriotism-whatever was the escape. B8697-Vosper Hymn

•.•.. Ernest Lough (Baritone), pase it has altered in the past few Ave Maria (Bach Counod).

months. It is not astonishing, DB3426-The Brook's Lullaby (Schubert) ..Elisabeth Schumann.because it is a perfectly natural

Cradle Song: The Butterfly (Schubert).

BD541-Every Sunday Afternoon

Um-ta-ra-ra.

B8742---Moment Musical (Schubert)

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thing and has been repeated throughout history, that 4 nation, so hopelessly divided for

Judge's Opinion

took

circumstances, but the

Chinese

radical steps GRIN AND BEAR IT against it." She goes on to say that the Chinese and Japanese have been at war ideologically

war.

a time, should suddenly harden for a long time. The Chinese into a unified whole to face a do not like the Japanese and common danger. It may be that want no closer association with invasion was the one thing which them than is necessary. She |could bring that unity to China. says they have long treated the In any event it has been accom- Japanese with contempt and plised--and in the space of days often with indignities. She adds Japan's aggression has done for that Japan talks sence when she the Chinese what no Emperor or urges an entente with China; warlord was able to do in years only China would never accept of effort.

it. Consequently, they are at Japan, then, may have done

thing 4 great for China. The treatment is drastic, and is certainly not the sort of thing to be recommended. just, beneath the surface all the Novertheless, great good may while, and that it only took the grow out of this great evil. desperate emergency of threaten- Pearl Buck, who knows China ed conquest to bring it into full and the Chinese as well as any unity is no longer to be question- play. In any ovent China's foroignor, has something In-ed. And because of that, toresting to say about this war. Mrs. Buck anya, "if Japan wins "As long as I have been mature the war. she will find she has enough to think, £ have known more than a bear by the tail. It was inevitable unless the She has leviathan."

This attitude of the Chinese would seem to indicate that a national consciousness has been

ሲዳ

By Lichty

| Chope. 1814 by Unŭnd Partner #jäklind

"How well I remember your\dgar mother-she had jest just like yours?"

Kenny was asked 28 questions. were: "Are you mar- Some ried?" "What day of the week is it?" Then Mr. Summers in- terpolated the probing question, "Did you commit the ribbery of which you are accused?”

The detector needle went steadily on its course, failing to mount rapidly up the graph.

Later the prosecutor in the trial exclaimed, "I came, I saw, and was conquered by the lle de- tector."

Mr. Summera claims that his instrument establishes the prob-

ORKDAYANANAONDOAICATIEÁG SZUKAJASTANEJEDECIN

How It Works Hamish Fraser, Medical Expert, says underlying principle of lie detectors is the recording of changes in breathing rate, pul- se rate, blood pressure, or in the electric tension generated between each side of the body. Increases in the figures for all

these factors suggest intense emotional stress revealed by the hormone adrenalin, or the extra muscular tension which occurs when a person is faced with a particularly awkward question.

Lie detectors have never been officially tested by the police of Britain.

ability of guilt where such exists and reveals innocence with cer- tainty.

When first testing his instru- ment the professor used it as a game among his students. Ono of them was chosen to steal something and the others became his accomplices. Under the stern influence of the lie detector Mr. Summers would discover the criminal, name his accomplices, and free the innocent man...

Its popularity is threatening to take the inventor away from his professorial duties, and he almost wishes he had never in- vented it, so insistent are the demands from public officials and private people for tests.

The Now York State Police crime laboratory at Schenectady has already included the inven- tion in its equipment.

The groat question now con- fronting criminal authorities is, "Has Summers added, an in- fallible instrument to be logal methods of catching criminals ?"