1938-06-28 — Page 6

So

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, JUNE 28, 1938.

REFRESHING

AFTER ANY FORM OF EXERCISE

CALL FOR A

PALE ALE

WHITBREAD'S PALE

THE BREW OF FINEST KENTISH HOPS & MALT

Sole Agents:—A. S. WATSON & CO., LTD.

WINE DEPT

TEL. 20616.

avarasana ANACONAS INTERESTING RECORDS

FROM THE

TUDEBAKER

Low upkeep that delights overy · owner In a feature

of the..

STUDEBAKER

GET IN TUNE WITH THE TIMES. BUY AN EXCITINGLY SUPERB

STUDEBAKER.

•

Sweeter Than Ever!

SENSATIONAL

LOW PRICES

AND - SUBSTANTIAL

OPERATING ECONOMY

Ask for а demonstration trial run.

All

MAGINE a boot-shaped

piece of land, about the

size of England and half of Wales, ns populous na Greater London plus a couple of Birminghams and Glasgows.

Set that in the heart of Europe, draw its frontiers so that at no point in the land are you more than two hours car- da ve from a border.

That is Czechoslovakia, this morning's sounding board of peace and war.

It is just twenty years old, this Hittle Europe in itself: created by the Peace Treaties nt the break-up of the Austro- Hungarian monarchy.

Bohemia, Moravia, and Northern Hungary - plus small slice of Upper Slesla

Hongkong Hotel cled by Germany-made the

Stubbs Rd.

Garage

The

Tel. 27778×9.

H.M.V. JUNE RELEASE Hongkong Telegraph.

Fais" Waller Orchestra.

BD5354-Paswonky. F.T. BD5353--Always and Always. F.T.

Sweet Someone. F.T.

BD5358-Tears in My Heart. Slow F.T.

Why Talk about Love. Quick Stop. BD5356 Have you ever been in Heaven.

Mama, I wanna make Rhythm.

Henry jacques Orch.

F.T. Jack Harris Orch. | kong

F.T.

88737-Liebestraum (Liszt), F.T. Quintete of Het Club Orch.

The Sheik of Araby. F.T.

BDS41-Every Sunday Afternoon

Um-ta-ro-ra.

B8742 Moment Musical (Schubert

Hedge Roses (Schubert).

C2992-~~~Gorshwin Medley

TUESDAY, JUNE 28, 1938.

BOMBERS FOR DEFENCE

No really useful purpose is served by publishing in Hong-

attacks

upon British policies and allegations of lack of principle for the edification of residents who. in the vast

new State.

* *

Some 7,700,000 Czechs, 3,250,000 Austro-Gormans, 2,000,000 Slovaks, 700.000 Hungarians, €00,000 itussions, 80,000 Poles and 200,000 Jews are its population.

Let us look at the 3,250,000 Austro-Germans, round whom swirls the current turbulence.

They

called Sudeten Germans because they are concen- trated mostly on the strip of ter- ritory by the Budetes Mountains on the Czech-German frontier of North Bohemia.

Before 1914 they were part of the Austrian Empire. Their fore. fathers populated Bohemia as an Independent State and when it formed part of the Holy Roman German Empire.

Д

But they have never been section of the German Reich. For 700 years the frontier between Germany und Bohemia has corre-

panded to the present one.

Sudetenland is an anomaly, too. In the German districts of Bollemia there are large numbers of Czechs

mans to 400,000 Czechs.

Max Miller majority, will never even have in round Axures. 2,000,000 Cer-

the right to cast a ballot in a Comedy Harmonists. British election.

Newspapers,

of course, like to feel that they are broad-minded and progres-

With Vocalists and New Mayfair Orchester.sive enough to support reform; DB336Z~~Concerto in G Major (Mozart)

Edwin Fischer with Chamber Orchestra, Ernest Lough (Baritone).

B8697-Vcspcr Hymn....

Ave María (Bach Gounod),

D83426-The Brook's Lullaby (Schubert) ..Elisabeth Schumann

Cradle Song: The Butterfly (Schubert),

Moutric & Co., Ltd. York Bidy. Chater Road

Hong Kong

Tel 20527

ZZ (^ja YhVALADEBRAZI

TO-MORROW

AT THE

A

KING'S

LOVELY CAREFREE GIRL ONE DAY

A DARING ADVENTURESS THE NEXTI

The most danger-

ous masquerade

a woman in love ever choset

ПЛABELLA Dinner at the Ritz

picture as thrilling as its Lovely new

'slavi

with

PAUL LUKAS DAVID NIVEN ROMNEY BRENT Fronda Suvon Stewart Ronso Norah Swinburne Tyrall Davis

Arnaudvaten - Dipsed by Murali in Blator hosen Mer by Salant Partona and Hannay Örgab A New World Phawa Balewed by Stal Cowlery (fan

rë.

and they are frequently glad to advocate measures which, not exactly though they are popular, appear to promise some real good. They thus earn for themselves, on occasions, a putation for fearlessness and advanced thought. But unless these newspapers are actually influencing the public mind for what they think is beneficial, and the public is going to have an opportunity to use the ballot as a corrective, criticism of British

Government policies are of little avail. Indeed, they may be very harmful. If one admits of the value of prestige, particularly in the Far East, one will recognise the necessity of doing nothing to damage it. To deny, as does a writer in a contemporary, that

*

And since they have inter- mingled it is a practical impossi- buty to draw a line of demarca- tion in the manner suggested by advocates of the idea that Bude- tenland should become an auto- nomous province,

It has been tried-by the Oer- mans of present-day Czecho- slovakia when, in the nineteenth Century. they were ruled

by the Austrian monarchy. Those attempts fulled; and to-day the mpulation is still further broken

9.

The Czechoslovakian State could

Centre of

the Trouble

A Czech machine-gunner watches near the German frontier

not have been produced without something very like its present boundaries. And these boundaries are. In fact, the one example in post-war map-making of frontiers sclentically drawn by experts without polluical Interference.

What then? The Sudeten Germans still have their legitimate grievances.

They say that for years they have been refused participation in Almg Government offices, postal services and railways. They say that when new building plans-for schools, for instance-are put in hand, the Czecha come first, the Sudeten Germans last.

But the greater part of their troubles are the result of post-war economics,

An important slice of Czechoslo-- vakia's industries is concentrated In the German-speaking districts.

Tariis born of the Pence Treaties hit them first of all. The growth of protection impoverished them still further. And Germany's

own policy of self-sufficiency helped along the crippling process.

Czech exports to Germany in 1920 totalled 20 per cent, of the whole. By 1930 they were down to 14 per cent.

*

Bo wlien Czechoslovakia's unem- ployment figures goared they soared highest in Budetenland. When the factories began to slow down and to close down, the Ger- man-speaking districts were worst

hit.

Sudetenland was a ready-made breeding ground for discontent.

The Czechoslovakian Govern- ment has an answer to the Sudeten criticisms. It claims that each racial group has its own political parties and representation in the national Parliament on a propor- Lionate basis,

Germans have majorities on the local councils in their own districts. Their own newspapers plead their

MARIE WALEWSKA'S SON

ALTHOUGH, as stated in a recent he fled to France to escape the hated, French citizen. After seeing foreign article Marie Watewska vanished necessity. Once he was there, the service in Algerlu, he settled down

obscurity after to

Napoleon's French Authorities refused to send in Paris as a Journalist and dramailst. banishment to St. Helena, her son him back.

And quite a good dramatist he must and his lived to play a notable part In 1830, when Alexandre was 20, have been, for he had the honour of the Poles revolted, and with the aid collaborating in one play with Dumas in European affairs, restoration of the Bourbon kings, part in the insurrection, and even recognised, he was invited to join

After the fall of Napoleon and the of the French Government, he was the Elder.

smuggled Into Poland, took a leading As his inherited ability became Marle took the

ཀམདྷདྷནམྨཱ'ཏིཡ། ཨ ཨུདྡྷ

The great majority of British GRIN AND BEAR IT people do not want war.

That statement surely will not be

By Lichty

young Alexandre Florian home to Poland to be educat- made a journey to London on behalf the French Diplomatic Service, and ed. There, Imbued with his mother's of the rebels. In spite of all efforts, was entrusted by the Government] | because Great Britain is build-passionate patriotism, he lived under however, the revolt was crushed, and with delicate missions to Egypt and

ing bombers she has sacrificed Russian domination until he was 10, young Poland sank once more into Argentina. when, according to the law of the subjection.

Then come the proclamation of the the right to claim that her arma- time, he was of age to be conscripted Collaboration with Dumas Second Republic, with Alexandre's ments are only for defence will into the Russian Army. The thought

cousin, Louls-Napoleon, na President. seem to many logical people an raged every instinct of the youth, and returned to France and became al was, as might have been expected, of serving his country's enemies out- Alexandre, bitterly disappointed. The rise of Marie Walewska's con unreasonable accusation. Grant- ed that the use of a homber in war is something the world would do well to outlaw for all time, what is to be the attitude of a power, anxious to preserve challenged. The recollection of itself, when it sees potential the worst catastrophe which the world has ever known is still too enemies building these weapons. Bombers can be used as offen-fresh; and were it at a sufficient distance in time to have lost its sive weapons, truly, and offence is their first function, perhaps. Power to awaken horror and On the other hand they are fear, there are the present-day essential defensive weapons, for examples of war's conscienceless unless one possesses them an

destructiveness and utter futill- would enemy

be

ty to keep all mature and relatively free behind his

balanced people antagonistic tá front own line of action from

a policy which supports hostill- any interference from his antagonist.pacifist would never fight. He tics-except in self-defence. The Bombers are vital in a campaign would die for his principles; but for the destruction of an he would not raise his hand to army's communications, am-defend his home, his people and |munition dumps, troop concon- his race. Most men, however, rations, aerodromes and munt would solze whatever weapon tions factories. The accusation they could put their hands to in that they are built with a view as they would fight any intruder order to repulso an invader, just to raining death upon civilians upon the freedom and happiness and open towns is an injustice. of their homes. The bomber is But even if they were it is still as much a weapon of defines as no proof that a nation is pre- it is a weapon of aggression. paring for an offensive. warnt make the British a race of Possession of such weapons docs which, according to our under brigands and murderers. I standing, means war of simply shows an understanding aggression..

of realities..

¢

Chan 15 by United Kualora Bynätet, Ene

ep/hen I hired you I wanted a man to say 'yes'--not fust ‘uh huh!?”

!

cause in all areas where they form more than a fifth of the popula- tlun.

Ninety-four per cent, of the children go to exclusively German schools.

The unfair distribution of Government posts is being recti- ned. And now, say the Czecha, minorities are invited freely, to enter negoliations for a nationall- ties statute to determine their future status.

So far that invitation is rofused. Pince-nezed Konrad Henlein, local Nazi No. 1, demands for his Sudetens (1) 'territorini autonomy: (2) recognition of Nazism within German districts; (3) an end to the alliance with Russia.

The Czech Government refuses

to agree to (1) on the grounds that it is an administrative and Reographical impossibility. It says that agreement to (2) would mean the annihilation of the democratic sections of the population in those districts. And (3) it will never tolerate.

To give way on these three points, it says, would mean the end of Czechoslovakia as an indepen- dent State.

For Sudetenland is the front door to Germany; and Liberal- minded Czechs will never willingly hand over the key to a totalitarian neighbour.

So what? So the Czechs an- nounce that they will go a long way on the road to a reasonable settlement; but that they will not submit to being shoved into the hedge.

And if Hitler chose to fight' he would faci no picnic like the march on Austria.

Czechoslovakia has a land army of 200,909 men, highly trained and well equipped. It could mobilise 2,000,000 effectives very quickly.

In its air force are 500 machines and 8,500 men- 900 of them officers, And for every 20 soldiers there is and Bren gun, the most potent light machine-gun in the world.

Last autumn fortifications on the German frontier were completed, and now the same work is being hurried on along the Austrian border,

Concrete trenches with under- ground systems of communication are hidden in the woods. In the mountains which form a natural barrier to the North passes have been transformed into steel death- traps.

In those passes and along the German border £20,000,000 has been spent on defences which are the admiration of the French en- gineers who bullt the Maginot Line. In the Sudetenland empty fac- tories have been transformed into barracks for loyal troops. On the frontier ronda grcat cement blocks are massed behind steel gates-in case of accident.

But Czechoslovakia has 1,000 miles of frontier to defend-all but 100 miles or so against potential enemies.

By Hitler alone invaston might be begun simultaneously from half-a-dozen

points: Munich, Dresden, Breslau, Nuremberg, Linz, Vienna.

If the Fuchrer wanted to try onco more his 'attaque brusqué í he has enough dispatch points for his mechanised forces. And in Munich the biggest base is always rendy.

rapid. Louls-Napoleon enlisted `him on further diplomatic missions to Florence,

Naples, and London. So well did Alexandra acquit himself that when Louis-Napoleon became Napoleon III of France he appointed Walewska Foreign Minister rola in which he exercised enormous in- fluence on France's vigorous foreign policy.

Dual Loyalty

After the Crimean

War It was Walewskn who represented France

It

at the signing of the Pence Covenant. wax Walewska who encouraged Napoleon to embark on the. which did much free Italy from Austrian domination.

war

Only in one undertaling did he fall-the undertaking closest to his heart. When in 1883, the Poles once more revolted against the tyrant Russians, all Alexandre's pleadings failed to persuade his king to declare war against Russin on her behalf. It was a biller blow. But, over while deploring its necessity, his father's son could not but admit the folly of such a step.

1

Thus did the son of the great Napoleon play his part in the Second Empire, working on behalf of his native land and the country of his adoption in a manner that would linve pleased both his father and his mother. When he died, all France mourned a great patriot. And Po- land know she had lost a powerful friend,

D. N