1938-06-27 — Page 18

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MONDAY, JUNE 27, 1938. CONFUSION

IN SPAIN

The Italians are indignant at the suggestion that Loyalist planes may take reprisals for the bombing of open towns in Spain Max Miller by attacking Italian cities and vessels. It is a little confusing to people not conversant with the situation in Spain to hear that threat, because, of course, With Vocalists and New Mayfair Orchester. has not made any declaration of it is a well-known fact that Italy

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have Russian and French troops and guns and planes gone to the Spanish war. It must be that the Loyalists have a particular bone to pick with the Italians. They probably suspect that the assistance their enemies obtaining from Italy is rather more "official" than has been revealed; and that the Italian "volunteers" are in reality regu- lar Italian soldiers. From that assumption it is only a step to the conclusion that the Insur- gent aircraft, which have been showering Barcelona, Alicante, Valencia and Madrid with high explosives are regular Italian air force

formations. The picion might almost be said to be supported by admitted facts, for it will be recail- ed that at

SUS-

EDUCATION IS IN THE NEWS

Oxford Spends the Nuffield Million

O

XFORD is having the time of its life with Lord Nuffield's Intest million.

It was last October. you will remember, that the University--always hard, up- suddenly received a new dose of Numeld munificence.

More than a million pounds was given to it so that a new college could be added to the 28 that at present make up the University.

But this college is to be of a new type. No one will go there to be taught anything. They will go there for research into the prob- lems that affect Mr. and Mrs. Smith,

Well, since the money arrived, how have things been going?

Rather well. Not very much has been said in public. But behind the Bounes the plans have bcen Insd,

This new college which the University has now decided to call "Numeld College"-la going to be so strikingly different from any- thing that Oxford has had before that when it is built it will jump the University forward a hundred years-o change that is naturally going to have a very mixed wel- come.

In the first plner, Numeid College

Co-ed." le going to be

T took years and years for women Lo be Al- lowed in the univer- sity at all-even shut away in Amparate colleges. And now, almost In a twinkling and with no fuss and bother at all, here is a collers where both men and women can bu members together.

There's going to be another very distinctive thing about Nuffield Collège. About a dozen well-known business men will be elected as *Fellows."

Their job will be to spend a cer- tala number of week-ends there CHEd gear.

At these week-ends their job will be Just to chat about the big, wide world, so that Oxford may be told what it is like and how it works.

At one time it was intended that these Fellows' should be just ordinary business men. But now the plan is that they shall be "men of pracileal experience. civil servants and even politicians Tin lets in trade union leaders,

on this very pleasant fob.

No une knows yet who the twelve lucky Fellows will be. But one man is upped as a certainty-Lord Nuffield himself.

But the real spade work of the college will be done by the whole- time research workers.

Politics and economics will be their subjects. They will harness Oord's learning to the haman problems of the day.

There will be something like Afty

great

To-day's Thought--- THE wise man does not lay up treasure. The more he gives to others, the more he has for his own.

LAO-TSZE.

BY WILL SHEBBEARE

such people in all. And at their head will be a very remarkable man, Mr. Harold Butler.

0.8

He has just been chosen Warden of the college. But up til now he has been Director of the International Labour Office Geneva.

1

He has atriven as hard as any man for the forty-hour week and for the rating of wage rates nil over the world. His annual reports have always contained one or two facts about working conditions that have come as a shock to com- placent people.

It will be about four years before the college is built and the men- bers are able to move into it. But before then many of them will have been getting ahead with their researches.

As the bullding, with its chapel and its quadrangles and its dining hall, takes shape, a great argument will range over how much space is to be used for providing really good ibraries and how much for giving Juxurious

apartments to the busi-

ness Fellows

At the moment the big-brary men look like winning. But what- ever they decide, Numeld College is going to be something quite unique in this country. Hore, in bricks and mortar. will be A Hak betwres Oxford and the rest of the world.

be An

It will not, of course, starting a change as the original

plan for making Nuffeld a College of Business Accountancy.

That would have made it a school in which undergraduates were prepared for the day to day work of being business men, and would have come na a pretty sharp folt to the more old-fashioned Охотала

Numeld College. oven in its present modified form, has been meeting with pretty sullen oppo- sition from the average Oxford don,

None of them says he doesn't like 1 openly. Naturally not. A uni- versity which is always appealing for money cannot turn down hand- some gifts of this kind and expect Lo get away with it.

But in their hearts the Oxford dons have three big objections.

IRST of nt, they think that the way to get re- search done is not to found a separate college. They think the money should be spent in providing more dons at the other colleges--so that present hard-worked dons can have time for research as well as for teach- age.

Secondly, they don't ilke the way in which Nuffield College is going to be run by the University.

Other colleges are independent of the University authorities. Bo

Lord Nuffield in his robes as a Doctor of Common Lam

Oxford.

this looks like the thin and of the wedge of more University control.

Thirdly-and this runs pretty deep they fight shy of Numeld because they do not really like very much the idea of linking Oxford up with industry and the practical world. They think it commercial, philistine, rather sordid.

But all these objections they keep very dark and discuss them only in the privacy of their Com- mon Rooms. So the truth about them is strictly between ourselves and must not be repeated to any-

one.

But in any case, such objections do not count for very much. If Oxford is going to come closer to life and employ some of her finest brains in solving the great social problems of the day, that is some- thing very worth while indeed,

Behind the Diplomatic Veil

that I was | necessary to study geography on, big maps. This applies even more forcibly to diplomacy. Which ta perhaps one reason why the spokes- men of sansculotte democracy Go often go hopelessly astray, and spend their time and energy hunting down parochial mares' nests. The new Anglo-Italian Pact 19 £1 case very much in point.

SOMEBODY once said

In concluding this quite straight- forward agreement with

atmosphere of mutual hostility which might at any moment, and quite pos-

Real Meaning of sibly at on extremely awkward one,

the Italian Pact

By "AN OLD STAGER”

A Sense of Realities

become heavily superheated? Not by A policy of diplomatie sulk will the firm foundations of European peace and goodwill be laid. Mr. Chamber- Jain had to choose between emolion- alism and practical realities, and it is eternally to his credit that he had the pluck oven though he knew it

So our desire is to ensure our naval was not a popular line, to back the Italy we lines of communication through Vac policy of practical reality. were far more concerned will the Mediterranean, and to be in a safe Backing A Bankrupt Ideal

Far East than with the Mediter-

rancan. Our vital desire, apart from position at any time to send powerful reinforcements to our China squad-

He insisted, if Rome, showed Itself the_puerile futility of continuing a ron. The mere presence in For willing and sincere, on burying an useless policy of mutual thumb-bit-Eastern waters of formidable British obsolete hatchet, In so doing he has ing with Mussolini, was to make sure naval forces might help materially freed our naval forces for preventive that no menace nearer home mto prevent anyone running amok work of the utmost importance in paired our arm action much farther round about Hongkong.

the Far East, and in no way jeopar- afleld. The danger sput just now, In

the These fucts should be kept care-dised

interests the view of well-posted British dip-

of European lomatists, is decidedly "somewhere fully in mind by critics the Bri-settlement. Rather has he greatly East of Suez."

tish Government's foreign policy. advanced the probability of the

A situation is envisaged in which Already many of the more intelligent

Mr. of

Chamberlain's former as- There is no sense in driving poten- the Japanese rollitarista may And

their tune. tial friends into the intriguing arms themselves with a much bigger and sailants are changing tougher

enemies. No morsci to chaw in China They appreciate the inner meaning of potential

peace than ever they bargained for. Things chorus which applauds

inds of his policy, and are joining in the millennium dawns on the inter.. are already not going any too weMinister's courageous self-assertion.

the Prime nationni horizon in that direction.

It is still possible to recall the how! with the Japanese Army's Chinese That shows the advisability of study of emotional outrage that went up campaign. In the event of some

fensible that the Japanese Navy fusive landmark.

mups. The village pump is a de-was mooled. So

.was

overpowy im

serious set-back on land, it is quite ing diplomney on the largest-sized when the Hoare-Laval agreement

that well-meaning but practicable chorus that Earl But there is another aspect of this went the length of disowning the pro- Baldwin

ject, and the Foreign Secretary of may that date, Sir Samuel Hoare, was the back

whose chiefs are notoriously irked by jealous rivalry of the Army heads. might suddenly decide on some tour Anglo-Itailan Pact. It involves de force off their own bat. If this retrospective analysis which was tried in Southern Chinese waters, not be pleasing to some well-meaning thrown incontinently to | and involved Hongkong, the denoue- people. of the sons of Mussolini was a the result would be intervention from our point of view.

fing of the dice in the hope that ment would be extremely

one time

one

combat pilot in Spain and that by some power more Italy's size:

he was--and possibly still is-and strength than is the rather

reason

serious What was the use of maintaining between London and Rome a frigid

an officer in the regular air pathetic Loyalist administration. GRIN AND BEAR IT force which has dong such There is no doubt that Italy is! effective work in subduing those well able to deliver a crushing who have dared to stand against blow to the Loyalists, and if the ambitious march of the Spain is willing to take the risk, Legions in Ethiopia. The posi- of it there must be some very tion becomes still more confused aubstantial by the answer of Italians to the Perhaps, after all, Italy would behind it. alleged Loyalist threats. No think twice about destroying the denial of Italian participation in Loyalists in retaliation for the the raids on Loyalist cities is bombing of her towns; for there made. That may have been an is danger in such a course. oversight; but it has an un-Perhaps the best thing to do fortunate effect. It would would be to try to discourage almost seem that Italians were Italian volunteers in Spain from saying: "It is one thing for participating in these unpopular Italian volunteers to bomb expeditions against civilians and Spanish cities; it is quite a British merchantmen. different thing for Spanish There is at least one other volunteers to raid Italian towns. thing about this interesting

If that happens Italy will Spanish situation which bears certainly go to war against comment. Supposing one of the Spain." The retort from Madrid British merchantmen in a might be expected to convey the Loyalist port were to borrow or belief that, as far as Loyalist, beg a gun from somewhere and Spain is concerned, Italy is doing open fire on the planes which a pretty thorough job of waging | bomb and machine-gun it. And war against the Government suppose an Insurgent volunteer- already. No doubt the Spanish Italian raider were shot down by Government's point of view is this gun, would Italy demand vory much distorted, but it is satisfaction and talk of re- not difficult to understand how a prisals? Because obviously, for rather desperate sort of courage a British ship to fire on anyone will grow up beside bomb-I would be a rank piece of inter- shattered homes and how ovention which it could not be harassed Government might de- expected would pass without cido upon one more reckless something more than comment.]

Onge, 1935 M Waited Posture Byndiseia, -

By Lichty

"Of course you understand this insurance doom't apply if you

travel in, airplaneaf”

bench wolves,

that crisis now in the calmer light of Let us ponder on the simple facts of

past history. Dld the gesture which spurned the Hoare-Laval agreement, and dubbed it a base betrayal, ac- complish anything at all gratifying the sentiments of the high all beyond emotionalists?

Did it save Abyssinia from being conquered? Did it

pre- serve his crown to Hulle Selossie? It did nothing of the kind. No emo- tional gesture, however well meant, could camouflage the grim sequch.

It was the most humiliating episode in this country's post-War history. We banked on bankrupt Ideal.

What Might Have Been

Saved

In the same dispassionale frame of mind let us consider what the Hoare- Laval proposals might quite probably. have done. They would have avert- ed considerable slaughter of Ethio- nians as well as Italians. They would have retained some part of his sovereignty and estate to

Hello Sclassic. They would have obviated a legacy of mutual l-will between Italy and this country.

Dy yielding to emotionalisin on that historic occasion, and by insist ing on treating as a reality an in- stitution which in fact proved to be a plous delusion, consequences of the very gravent import resulted.. But for that surrender to sentimentalism

which la

thoroughly out of its ele- ment in foreign policy-Italy might still be in the League, and Hiiler would certainly not be in Vienna.

The moral is that, when it comes to diplomacy and bly maps, it is folly to cherish illusions, however endear- ing, at the expense of realities, how- ever grim.

And there is another moral too. It le that a free, democracy con, if it as (Continued on Page 8.)