PASTEURISATION OF
MILK NECESSARY IN H.K., SAYS D.M.S.
Pasteurisation of milk again took the place of importance In the agenda at yesterday's meeting of the Urban Council, when the Hon. Dr. P. 8. Selwyn-Clarke, Director of Medical Services, made a comprehensive statement on bovine tuberculosis and milk-borne diseases.
If there was a common belief that such tuberculosis did not afflict humanity in Hongkong, he said, there were no adequato grounds for such bellef.
The remarks were made in support of an amendment of by-laws, and Dr. R. A. de Castro Busto, who was the solo dissentient, sald that if other measures had been taken to ensure clean milk, compulsory pasteurisation would not have been necessary,
There was a full attendance of the Counell, which comprised: Mr. R. R. Todd (Chairman), Hon. Dr. Selwyn- Clarke, M.C. (Vice-Chairman), Hon. Mr. It. M. Henderson, Hon. Mr. R. A. C. North, Ilon.
T. Mr. H. King. Mr. F. C. Hall, Dr. R. A. de Castro Basto, Mr. L. C. F. Bel- tamy, M.C Mr
A. el Arculli, Dr. S.
N. Chau, Mr. W. N. T.
Wong Tupe, Mr. Tane
Mr. J. Watson (Secretary).
Council 1
from
of
Mr. D. and
obviously risis of contamination; to reduce this risk it is required that the filling of all containers be carrer out, by martinery or by some other means approved by the Council, only In the premisen in which the milk was pasteurised.
DATE OF ENFORCEMENT
The bottles must be thoroughly cleansed and sterilized with steam or boiling water and must be closed
from
THERA, HONGKONG
TELEGRAPH,
WEDNESDAY
APRI
31, 1938, he mid: "In"cows of Euro-nosed in Hongkong by. Professor/ would be wasted got exist for the
New Jowett
10" Arrives
In H.K.
One of the smartest British motor
accepted as a host essential public causing a condition, called contagious of disease have become a thing of healui meure and I am in entire abortion in caws and results in a the part in the areas effected,
Importance of: Tong and weary" illness in human
efficient ngreement with it
At the meeting I also mentioned beings. The Infection is present in
Matfon ** and:"-ot? subsequenti bovine tuberculosis. I should like 20% of all cows in England and is handling of milk: In order to achieve to quote on this point Major vary widespread in the US, where the object in view it is, of course, Mackentle," the Colony Veterin-it affects 32 out of the 48 states. Its necessary for the pasteurisation pro-
effective and ary Surgeon. In a report on March presence has been definitely diag-cess to be really
ume of to pasteurise milk it provision pean
or partly European strains Davis, tuberculosis · does
prevention of pollution of milk be tuberculin
Occur
CHILD DEATHS RECALLED test of the herds which
and its arrival at tween the process
of the are not tested was carried out a con-
louse
consumer.The Mastitis is yet another disease in siderable percentage would be found but in my opinion towa which may give rise to disag- Council will be blocking this channel vehicles in the small car class, the infection by passing the bye-laws "Jowett 10" is now available in the outbreaks of infection that percentage would be considerous
humans. It will be recalled that now under discussion, and I would Colony, the Chinn Motor Agencies and Sales Company having been ably less thars In European coun- several thousand persons suffered appeal for a unanimous vole,
in conclusion, let me quote from appointed agents. from streptococcal infection in Hove The Milk Problem" a report com- As regards evidence of the type of and Brighton in 1929. •
plied by the Health Organisation of tuberculosis, Dr. Greaves, Govern- I have mentioned three diacases the League of Nations: "It is our ment Bacteriologi, says (April 4, in cattle which are transmitted from considered and emphatic opinion that 1038): "As no determination of type the animal to man by way of milk. all liquid milk for human consump of infecting organisms in Hongkong Now I come to other diseases tion should be has been done for at least reported)
try,"
of reactors
the
in
of
Known as the car with "balanced power". It has become one of the most popular cars in Great Britain' and throughout the world generally.
maximum
the only evidence available must which are also conveyed in mile but ined or bolled "equately pasteur- with a petrol consumption of 30-32
be
wish to accond the amendments tion of milk after it leaves the udder, and I hone this Council will approve which are the result of contamina- either from solled fingers, droplets them unanimously, of spit, dust or Bles, or from dirty
er polluted DR. DE CASTRO BASTO utensils and, apparatus water,
de Castro Basto: 1. um in
Dr.
miles per gallon and speed of 65 miles per hour, it is certainly an attractive proposition. Local motorists who have tried it out In Hongkong ore greatly impressed
be out of place here to remark that of a presumptive nature. It may not no other evidence is available to any one, whatever may be their opinion on the incidence of the two types of tuberculous disease in
Hongkong: And it is just as legitimate for one body of opinion to draw inferences and 1 deaths were due to milk- as another from the same evidence.
It may be of in-paragraph. With that exception
think the amendments are a step in cases that 464 typhold were notified in Hongkong in the right direction. I would like to 1937,
so it is with us and carriers of nake clear my contention that I am the terms who handia mille may give it against pasteurization per afar
think it is a good thing, but, so rise to milk-borne epidemics,
as Hongkong is concerned, we can Evidence ia avaliable in other
produce healthy milk without it.
stylish Anish. In Bournemouth, for example, in agreement with the amendments be/with its performance, - roominess and
да
BOVINE THEORY The only evidence which can be used in support of the bovine theory of origin is that derived from statis- les bearing on the type of patholo-
Cervical glands Meningitis
Bone & Joint Abdominal
of
19.0% 81.
18.7% 81.3
50.0% 50.
borne Infection. terest to note
OTHER FOODSTUFFS
of
here
mendment was not approved by the new by-laws shall come into force, monly, bone and joint lesions only with 317 deaths and 300 enses of such regulations had]
Legislative
ive Counell
The
cervical
RADIO BROADCAST
(Continued from Page 7.)
with Orch.; Haven Of Your Heart..
Mascotte,
Sullivan.
The Chairman said: Members wit with a lightly filing disc and cover-gical lesion met with as a result of parts of the world of the germs of have been told that in America there Olive Gilbert (Contralto) with Or-
announced that the Gov- the lip of and securely fastened to isms, contrasted with that met with throat and scarlet fever being con- the cow without touching it and
the bottle. The bottle must be mark in Infection with the human type, the ernment had reaffirmed its approval ed with the name of the
veyed through human contamination bottling the milk without touching
9.13 Concert Waltzes. "Griffiths and Cobbelt give the of milk. of the principle of the compulsory in whose dairy the milk was
dur
adopt It; if that in so, they could
Waldealust, Walzer (Arr. W. Sche- following frequencies milk and that ised and bottled, and with the word classified pasteurisation
lesions as 'to type of infecting the tragic outbreak
You will all remember, no doubt, pasteurisation and save themselves singer); Wiener Prater Leben, Walzer amendments of the Dairies and Milk pasteurised". I might add that it
..Columbia Salon of dysentery all that trouble.
(S. Translateur)............ organisms:
(Folk Shope. By-laws, would be put before
fore is not considered ilkely that any form the Council to-day. These proposed of container other than the familiar
Bovine Human affecting twelve European children
I would like to distinguish between Orchester: Farmyard-Waltz
(Com- Tunc); Springtime-Waltz 47.0 52.4 in Hongkong of whom seven died inį milk as a constant danger and as a amendments are set out in the
stlass
ass bottle will be used in Hong-
November, 1936.
potential danger. In countries where poser Unknown).... Continental No- Appendix to the Orders of the Day.
21 | kong: should other forms of contain-
Sweetest Of milk is drunk in great quantities, and velty Orchestra; Golden Rain-Waltz
All Members will also recall that uner appear the by-laws will have to May 11, 1937, this Council made an, be amended.
where it in constantly infected it is a (Waldteufel);
Waltz (Waldteufel)....Orchestra It is quite true that scarlet fever constant danger and
and pasteurisation is amendment of the Dairies and Milk
"Of these lesions
is meningitis The Iost point, and an important
is rare in Hongkong, but eight cases the only safe way out. But Shops By-laws which would have
Malone
the
view-point of the exist- commonly
mortema. seen at post
were notified in 1937. On the other where the quantity is so small, the 9.30 London Helay-The Newa inade panicurisation compulsory as
sing duiries, is the date on which these abdominal lesions also fairly com- hand in 1937, 570 cases of dysentery main danger is only from dirty 9.50 Excerpta from Gilbert & July 1, 1938,
bui thot
and that could be safely dale
glandular diphtheria were registered in these and that the
suggested is January 1, occasionally;
disease seldom reaches post mortem territories. No-one can Assuming that this Council disea 1035.
say that been made before, I doubt if we
"Iolanthe"; Iolanthe Overture.... tion has been under further consi-that they are approved by the Legis-leve.
pasteurise makes the new by-laws to-day and notice, but occurs clinically, I be sore throats are a rarity.
should ever have had to adopt com- The B.B.C. Theatre Orchestra direc- A point to be
be emphasized I submit that it is clear from what pulsory pasteurisation.
ted by Stanford Robinson; Fare Thee deration by the Government, this lative
been Council next month, the here is that the figures quoted are has
said that milk-borne Council and the Henith Authorities
As regards the bovine tuberculo- Well, Attractive Stranger....Bertha dairies will then have seven clear for all ages, wherens
far the by far the for nearly a year.
seen epidemics are very far from being sis most of the tubercular dead in Lewis & Chorus of Girls; Good Mor- number of the cases seen monibs in which to make the greater I do not propose now to go into the arrangements necessary
Hongkong are picked up in the row, Good Lover; None Shall Port
Winifred Lawson & post mortem are under ten years und for
Leslie com- arguments which have been put for
There is the prasibility of disease streets and the cause of their deaths Us....
Well-Loved Lord pliance with the by-laws.
the percentage occurrence of bovine ward for and against pasteurisation.
tuberculous
foodstuffs. found by autopsy. Tuberculosis is Rands; My period is being carried by other at this nge
Winifred Lawson, AMENDMENTS From the fact that this Council op-
much higher than the figures quoted. Every pubile health authority would not a notifiable disense in this Colony Darrell Foncourt & Mole proved the amendment mude last
The Chairmat then moved
t is not unreasonable to assume that be the first to admit the possibility and, s those picked in the
up May, and from the opinions which amendments, at already published on some proportion of these cases are of other foods being infected with streets are of the time, I take it that most of you are in the following terms: in favour of compulsory pasteurisa- tion.
AVOIDING FUTILITY At this juncture then I would Dairies anther stress the points brought out in the proposed by-laws numbered
reserted,
question of compulsory
the
unknown.
and, since thes
Derek
Chorus:
members have expressed since that Monday, the principel change being of bovine origin, and 50% in the the germs of disease. It is, how-| Impossible that thest class, it is Love, Unrequited, Robs Me Of My
of
"medium to which not have bovine tabere, they could}
see
1B and 1C. You will, I think, ngresi dinte as by-laws IA to 1C immosis does not alllet humanity in Hong- tend to die out in time (Cholera many people, the baker, compradore. Mite on Newmarket Heath; the course
and the boy, before the con- is flat except for the last 2 furlongs, sumer gets it.
which include considerable undula- Dr. de Castro Bosto moved an tion followed by a rise to the winning amendment for the deletion of clause post. 1A, but as there was no seconder, this was not put to the meeting.
could have Rest....George Baker (Baritone).
10.10. London Relay The Two case of abdominal lesions leaves a ever, common knowledge that malik afforded milk and thus 1.-The heading "Dairies and Milk good margin."
Thousand Guiness. ideal provides ΣΠ
the race from A commentary on Shops" is rescinded and the follow-
organisms con live and multiply. While
on subject
the
of clean hand- Newmarket Racecourse. Therefore, as suggested Ing heading substituted therefore;
Bread and cakes can, of course, beling I would like bread in Sale of Milk generally and editorial in namely
the S. C. M. Post
This race for three-year-old horses infected, but the germs of typhoid,, scaled paper covers as is being done Milk Shops." and
April 1, "it is the common bellef
for example, have no means of mul- elsewhere. It is especially desirable is one of the most important fixtures in the calendar of British dot racing. 2.The following by-laws are in- that that form (bovine) tuberculo- tiplying under such conditions and here, where loaves are handled by so it is run over the straight Rowicy
after by-law 1:
kong" there are no adequate grounds hap
happens to be one of. the 1ew discase coolic with me that it would be futile to
14. No person shall sell, offer or for such belief. enforce pasteurisation without taking
germs that can actually increase in numbers in damp bread and cases). appropriate measures to ensure that expose for sale or use in the pre- article of
MILK-BORNE DISEASE
This does not mean, however, that pastcurisation is efficiently carried paration of some other
food for
other than sale any milk
Doubt has been thrown out and that there is no danger of
on the every possible step arould not be
Before the race starts listeners will tapasteurised milk.
occurrence of milk-borne disease. In taken to protect all foodstuffs from the pasteurized milk being conta-
probably hear the commentator re- For the purposes of this by-law Great Britain during the period 1912- Infection.
The
implication is that minated before reaches the con- "pasteurised mile" means milk which 1935, 150,000
mark about the most fancied horses persons contracted milk constitutes
a special danger and
and give the result of the draw for After the pasteurised milk sumer.
mi has been heated to, and retained for tuberculosis of bovine origin through
be rendered can easily. the health
safe by reaches the consumer
positions. It is generally considered authorities can, of
a period of not less than thirty the consumption of milk and Over pastcurisation or boiling.
that the horses drawing the low num- do no minutes at; a
disease. Accord- jess 00,000 died of the
FORMAL BUSINESS & temperature of not less
of As for the relative merits
bers have more than advise consumers to exer- than 145 degrees on the Fahrenheit ing to Sir Walker Savage,
the caster going ban between cise every care, and to see that their seale and not more than 150 degrees 1,700 and 2.000 deaths occur annual-ing: The boiling of milk is, of course, refused: Restaurant licence for No.
pasteurisation as compared with boil- The following applications were others.
Newmarket is the headquarters of servants exercise every care, in the on the Fahrenheit scale, and which ly in children in Great Britain from a very simple process that can easily 431, Queen's Road handling and storage of the milk.
West, ground British horse-racing. Records show has then Immediately been cooled to
bovine tuberculosis By-law 18 requires that the actunl | temperature of not more than 500 mis pertusis conveyed in milk be carried out in the home. It has floor; eating house Herrco, for who, that though James I spent much time
There were 4,028 urising plant and the Other
disadvantages, however, 311, deaths in Hongkong from tuberculo-tain
Queen's Road West, ground floor; at his palace there, no authentie rac- that it pre-supposes of plant used in a dairy in the degrees on the Fahrenheit scale.
for No. 230, cs 1. The love of racing of the house licence
of ealing
took place until the reign production of
shall pasteurised milk
of the possibilities of
of Queen's
Road West, ground floor: Stuart Kings was responsible for that Charles was not determined, it is permis Mble to
for the assume,
reasons (not to be expected in a largely Hollywood Road, ground floor; for tiven in the report of the Govern-literate population), and that it factory licence for the premises at Racing on the Heath developed rapid- asteurising plant be equipped with the law relating to regulations for roportion may have been due to the value of certain constituents in thesang Foo Villas. Po Kong Village.y, from 1753, and it was 1800 that
ment Bacteriologist, that a certain affects the taste, digestibility and Tsang bovine variety.
course,
DR. SELWYN-CLARKE'S VIEWS
be of a type approved by the Coun-Dr. Selwyn-Clarke: The Chair- cil; and that, to ensure the efficiency mun has given such an able exposi- of the
process, the tion of these intended alterations in pasteurisation
a self-registering thermometer device dairies and milk shops that it is which will accurately indicate and hardly necessary for me to say much record the temperature to which and more, but I should like to clear up
length of time for which the milk some misapprehensions, has been heated.
the
The original amendment moved by the Chairman, was then put and opproved.
sis in 1937, and, although the typecse in the consumer; eating house Heence for No.-188 famous phrase, The Sport of Kings'..
milk.
for
Kowloon
City: food preserving the Two Thousand Guinean was first
run-120 years ago. Ucence
for No. 380, Hennessy Road,
10.20
by Herbert Janssen ground floor; bake-house licence (Baritone).
Songs LEAGUE OF NATIONS
35, Stanley Village, ground floor; Pasteurisation, on the other hand,
bake-house licence for No. 215,
Op. 10, No. 3 (Von Gilm destroys the germs of the diseases Hollywood Road, ground floor; bake
Traum Durch Dic mentioned, hardly affects the taste house licence for No. 575, Canton or digestibility at all, and has no in- Road, ground floor; food shop licence fluence on the amount of vitamin A for No. 35. Main Street, Stanley, or carolene content, reduces by an ground floor.
Laying aside the question of bovine tuberculosis altogether, a vast body at incontestable evidence exists of the existence of other forms of milk
disease. For example, in Great Britain from 1912 to 1935, over 100 outbreaks of milk-borne disease were recorded affecting over 12,000 or 3m
persons.
At the meeting of this Council to- By-law IC requires that, except wards the end of last month, a state- where it
borne it is sold in bulk, the pauteur- ment was made that a learned and ised milik be sold in containers of a distinguished colleague of mine was type approved by the Cound. If opposed to pasteurisation, and I milk which has been pasteurised in would like to remind members, premises in one part of the town is case they did not see Professor Ger- transported to other premises in an- card's letter in the Press, of some of other part of the town in order to its contents. The letter Says: be filled into containers, there is "Pasteurisation of milk is everywhere
Again it is estimated that for 600 cases of undulant fever occur each year. This is due to any infection
B.S.A.SCOUT
The Car for Sporting People
"Scouting in South Africa"
he
I feel that it is time that some nolice was taken of the B.S.A. Scout. Seven months ago I became the third owner of a 1930 Scout 4-seater, milenge 12,000. A brief history of the car to that date:-as The first owner apparently did not know much about the critical running. in period, because within a
week left for East London. At 10,000 miles, the car was sold and the second owner took full advantage of the amazing cornering abilities of the car, for he ran through two fairly good front tyres in 2,000 miles. After all this bad handling. however, she managed to come second in a local handicap race at the
Ir
Grosvenor Grand Prix track. A Scout also finished first, and we both reached maximum speeds of well over 70 miph. (speedometer readings).
In The Motor of November 30 you published an article entitled "Maintaining the Maximum" Well, here is something which compares fairly favourably with the Mercedes mentioned: Quite recently the Scout, with two up and some luggage, completed a journey of 70 miles (two passes included) mostly over badly corrugated roads, 1 hr. 45 mins. In one place 70 m.p.h. was maintuined for about six miles,
I would be interested to know if any other reader could name a car priced up to £250 in England that would be able to stand up to the treatment that this ar has had without any replacements whatever. At 20,000 miles decided to have the engine rebored and the big-ends remotalled. It was necessary to fit a new second gear as I had run the gearbox without all for about 209 miles. I have no connection or interest ving the B.S.As concern whatever.
- Newlands, Capetown, South Africa,
This letter appeared, in "The Motor,” Jan, 251h, 1988.
Solo Agenta
"PROUDSCOUT."
2 & 4. Sostor in Stock
CHINA MOTOR AGENCIES & SALES CO.
BALU LETTERS TO
BOX 073
SHOW HOOMA 37, JOHNSTON ROAD, WANCHAL
-R.
Dammerung,
R. Strauss); Zuelgung, Op. 10, No. 1 (Von Gilm-R. Straust); Allersee- len, Op. 10, No. 8 (Von Gilm-R. Strauss).
unmeasured amount the vitamin B Regular returns viere laid on the
10.32 Jaydn-Concerto Ta D Ma complex and only reduces the quan- table. The following licences were for for Violoncello & Orchestra. tity of vitamin C present by about granted by the Council during April Played by Guilherming Suggia one Alth,
12.25 Inclusive,-One bake house,) ('Cello) with Orchestra conducted by Since the adoption of compulsory two swine, two offensive trades, two John Barbirolli. pasteurisation, milk-borne outbreaks eating houses, one restaurant.
11,0 Close Down.
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A SPECIMEN CASE. Case No. 1937, - This boy's mother died at his birth early in 1935. His aunt reported and the Society's Inspector repeated- ly found signs of his step- mother's cruel treatment. After many wamings the Cale was referred to the Secretary for Chinese Affairs in January this year and arrangements were made for `the child to go to his father's
sister in the country, HONGKONG SOCIETY
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