1938-04-27 — Page 18

S.

THE HONGKONG TE LEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 2.7, 1988.

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The

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WEDNESDAY, April 27, 1038.

PROGRESSIVE DIPLOMACY

It is always distressing to on- lookers to see two of those whom they call friends at seri-

ous

enmity with one another. For years past it has been 1 cause for sometimes bitter re- flection in other parts of the British Empire than England and Ireland that those two proud peoples could not sink their differences, well-weighted, linto the pool of forgetfulness. Particularly in the Dominions, jwhere men and women of the "Home Nations" worked to- gether so amicably and S0 sympathetically, was it difficult to understand the rankling senso of injustices which kept Ireland and England from making a per-

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|

ND now the Official Secrets Trial is over at the Old Bailey, let's take a look at that most mysterious Gov- ernment office — M.1.5— where they catch spies as casily as a fly-paper catches Alica.

Its goings on must necessarily bo very secret and obscure, because its first function is "counter espionage."

Perhaps I know as much about It as any journalist. But I can't tell it you-or there would be an- other Official Secrets Trini with Stanley Bishop in the dock-and the Editor of the "Daily Herald " would be there by my side.

But I may properly roveal enough to debunk M.1.5 from the silly mystery in which it has been dressed up-enough to show you that it is a presale but very neces-

Realm.

sary part of the Defence of the

t

*

Only when Official Secrets cases turn up in court does the public receive a small hint of what this all-important protection service is doing. Then the order. "In camera," is made for, police court or sessions and the real story is hidden.

Because the nature of its work requires MI.5. to retain essential anonymity.

wwwwwww

man abroad, not one of the na- tionals concerned, could... notExcept in the case of one or two- comprehend this foud which goes executives - Colonel Hinchley back to almost ancient history, Cooke, for example-the names of particularly since England and its personnel must not be men- If their connection with Scotland and Wales have all tioned.

the department was suspected, fought ferociously against each their usefulness would vanish. other in times past and for years have been as brothers. Only the Anglo-Irish hatred го mained. Neither side could for- get wrongs done and neither side would admit them. Al- though they had been close to unity at various times, there had always been an undercur- rent of distrust and a lurking

ill-will that mocked the hopes of T AMBING-DOWN" of some ten leaders who sought co-opera-"Land a half million eyes be-

tion.

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longing to about twenty-five distinct And now, almost overnight It breeds of sheep in Britain is in full

swing. seems, England and Ireland have come closer to full agree- The farther worth you go, of course, ment than they have ever done the later the lambing, unui towards before. How? That is not the end of April, or in early May, the clear. But credit must be given season ends. to the negotiators on both sides. There has been a retreat from extremes; and the Anglo-Irish agreement is not the only. in dication of this trend in their respective diplomacies. On the part of the Government of Eire a broad-mindedness and spirit of compromise has been shown

Up on the hillsides with the hardier breeds, or snugly gathered round farm- stends in the dates, the shepherd's anxious job is carried out in much the way it ever was.

watch and skil are still the surest The shepherd's constant personal means of making certain of a good

'Jambing-down"

Mechanics has left

the care of the flock untouched and. strangely enough, the flock master curries on without a subsidy!

in the appointment of Dr. Hyde Contrary to the general idea, Britain. with the exception of New Zealand, is the most densely sheep-populated area in the world..

מס.

For

as President, a Protestant and a non-party man, no fire-brand; but a true patriot. And Eng-

FIGURES TALK land, or more properly Great Britain, in keeping with the At the last census England, Wales general policy of appeasement, and Scotland between them had nearly has decided to forget old rival-pared with about 30,000,000 In New 20,000,000 sheep and lambs-as com- ries and some small bitterness Zealand. Australia actually has the and to offer her warmest friend-greatest number of sheep, but her flocks are spread more thinly over a ship to the United States in a much wider area of territory. new trade treaty. The samo Most of the world's locks are

British blood. aim can be perceived in British founded relations with France and Italy. generations, the pick of the dainty Bouthdowns, the early Dorsets, the These are not simply the ef-hardy Cheviots and the class-woolled fects of the world's political dis- Oxford and Hampshire Downs have all ruption but the proper and been exported for their respective dis natural results of progressive tinctive qualities, to the far ends of the

carth democracy. It may well be that · Last year" Argentina bought over these recent developments in 300 of the very select at the Kent ar International affairs, though Romney Marsh bread, to keep up the singly, they are not of great

New Zealand's justly-famous Canter significance, are slow, stumbling bury lamb (now it, monson; ins the steps towards that world shop is most appropriately named.

118116,kaa, been the pleasure (of, walk-“ brotherhood envisaged by not à ing over those roting foot-bills of New faw of the thinkers of our times. Zealanishinine, nagu "hamed by

́sfamine of its flock.

THE SPY CATCHERS

by STANLEY BISHOP

(The Famous Crime Reporter)

They must always appear to be what they are not; men and women playing a part.

For MI5. trades in the safety- of the realm. It is that section of "Military Intelligence" which helps to control Britain's counter- espionage organisation.

Much has been written about the department which is pure From every point of view it is only right that the real position should be understood.

nonsense.

During the present year our national expenditure on all phases of "Secret Servico" will exceed

£500,000.

First, thero is the "Secret Ser- vice Voto," administered by the Foreign Omce and the Treasury. Details of this fund-on whom, on what and how spent-are known only to the permanent secretary hends.

Accounts are kept personally by Bir Warren Fisher, chief of the Civil Service. An item appears on the reports form and that is all. Enough that the two secretarios wero agreed that the outlay was

necessary, and brought immediate value-or promise of value.

Each of the Oghting Bervices— the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force--has, in its turn, an allo- cation for secret intelligence.

The three Intelligence Branches work in the closest co-operation. There is a constant interchange of information.

Ready at call for emergency, apart from the administrative staffs, are all manner of experts.

Included among them are those Individuals Ingeniously minded

who can simplify any code or cipher, no matter how difficult.

MI.5 is the principal machine for counter-capionage and the detection of foreign agents in this country.

Under its direction are a very.... large number of observers. re- porters and trackers. Its eyes, und cars are everywhere; in the City of London, the West End; in manu- facturing and shipbuilding towns, as well as throughout all navai

And Mint Sauce

by

John Sussex

the original settlers the Canterbury Plains.

Those carly exiles from England's fair county of Kent started up their- akcep-ranching prosperity with pure- bred siraits of Romney ewen and rams from their nativa marshes.

But, like almost everything exotic in that prolific country, adaptation to the new environment brings its own changes. As with the men, so with the sheep.

There is just that difference between the mother of a Canterbury, lamb ta New Zealand and one here at home that exists between a Dominion born Now Zealander and an Englishman.

BA-A-A

Both have English blood in their veins, but timo and environment have brought about a difference that is un- mistakable. Even the sheep's "bans " seemed to have a Dominion accent.

Hus countries like Austrália and Now Zealand are after wool as much as mutton, and so have turned elsewhere, in course of time; for other breeds like -the Marino sinf the Corriedale, types

practically unknown on our farma.

With so many customara at his very... door, our sheep-farmer thinks mostly of his Bock in terms of lamb and mutton,

In Australia 12 in the other “uny. „round-11. 13 wool thay want there-Le

quality of wool. All breeds of sheep produce same wool, but the sweeter the mutton the less likely is the wool to be capable of making top price when Bradford comes to buy.

The carpet manufacturer in after strong, coarso textures, while the economical housewife wants her shoul der of mutton small board. But not so many carpeta are bought these days. as used to be; linoleum is a closer fitting competitor,

And so the long-coated Lincolns and the Lonks of Westmorland arouse only a limited interwat with their alinggy fleeces, with their long legs and big frames ruling them out as far as tho housewife la concerned.

TOʻ MARKET

Tet each breed has its points. Wolski mountain abeep do better than most in nrld areas like the valdt lands Of Southern Africa

Take the folk who can afford it who like a taste of lamb at Enaler time. That is where the early lambing breeds of Dorsetshire come in-the Dorset Downs and the Dorset Horns.

A farming man who likes sheep sel- dom likes dairy cows or pign--though there are exceptions, naturally,

Certainly times do come in the year when the sherp can be troublesome, when it means stopping up nil night to help the ewer nå lambing,

But these are not jobe which weally have to be done on a Sunday," Nor do they interfere, in the general way of apenking, with a farmer's love for getting off to market.

Bender there are always men who », kiww a'aheen better than they'd káble

-a cow, a horen or a pig.

parts, garrisons and Royal Air Force stations at home abroad.

and

Within every commercial under- taking holding contracts from the Government some perso13----- prominent or obscure-who will supply M.I.5 with the facts wanted in event of need.

Example of what is done: Sabot- age was suspected in the Royal Dockyards. Certain engineer officers, because of their expert- ence in shipbuilding yards of the North and on the Clyde, were detailed for special duty.

They were takon on as crafts- men and labourers in the dock- yards. They were the mates of the ordinary workpeople for months. Doing all sorts of jobs, they mixed with the mon Officers become dockyard workers. All the while, they were reporting en tilinga seen and heard until a dossier of evi- dence was complete.

All agents of MI5 are picked on the same

principle. Men and women 'who can mix within any required company are chosen.

Quito possibly a member of your own family, or your next-door neighbour, may be acting in some sphere for M.L.S.

Working in nssociation with MI.5 is the Special (Foutical) Branch of Scotland Yard. Valu- able assistance is also given by the

of Investigation Branches General Post Ofice, and Customs, and tho allens officers of the Home Office.

*

✰

the

the

"I.B." of the Post Office is partì- cularly useful in dealing with the apparently innocent correspond- ence of suspects. Remember that in the case of Baillie Stewart, the ex-Army officer spy, every move of his was known in adrance, mainly through the letters he wrote.

Usually, it is after preliminaries that the help of the Yard Special Branch is obtained. Inquiries have. reached a stage when a detectiv offeer can properly continu

Besides, there are caacs whic never reach the courts. A visit

from a foreign State in Bagianos.

outward business

seems to take an undue smatt of interest in things which M5 would rather he did not kỹ about. Perhaps it is Aimply cy- osity. Anyway, it is not desiree. So through the Home Office Ad the police with MI5 pulling ke strings, the foreigner la palply told that he is no longer truly l– come in England.

A stream of information frá a thousand and one sources. In his country and abroad dally rushes the offices of M.I.5 for additih to the records or for possible time- diate action.

Bensational excitement world be caused if some of the name on those files were over made Kown. It is hard work; drab wuk” în the main. And, belleve 'mi, the salaries of the mon; " whose hamēs. * must not be mentioned,” wolld not": excite an income tax exfectar. Results are the criterion for pay- menta in any enterprise. Beyond" question Mi Hoa. Tối th

gulta.

-To-day's Thought...*** THE search for knowledge is dangerous) YOU TRAN learn mucis about others, but "others may LÉGPS: 100: MEKOR