1938-04-07 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1088.

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BIRTH

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DEATHI

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Daisy, wife of Mr. Willin Goldenberg. Funeral ai the Jewish Cemetery at & p.m. No flowers by request.

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

THURSDAY, APRIL 7, 1938.

CAUSE FOR COMPLAINT

There were incidents reported from Shanghai yesterday which to foreign nationals in the Far East will have brought amaze- ment and indignation, respec- tively. The first was the alleged ban against Hongkong news- papers and the censorship ruling Concerning the Shanghai Even-

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Frith

second was the assault `on · a British subject and his Chinese workmen by Japanese soldiers.

"Only a Little Country, but ̧.

PEASANT BORN

“We remain democratic because we are workers and peasants.”

T

HE full glare of the European limelight

is now, after Austria and Spain, focused on the democratic Republic of Czechoslovakia. To- wards her the eyes of Hitler are ominously turned.

This little State, freed after the war from the top-heavy Austro-Hungarian Empire, les at the very hub and centre of Europe and of the struggle be- tween the forces of democracy and Fascism.

Her 15,000,000 people, a compos. site of Czechs, Blovaks, Germans, Hungarians and Poles, with the Czechs and Slovaka predominat- ing, are for the most part workers and peasants, simple, hardwork- Ing. peaceloving, Masaryk, crea- Lor of Czechoslovakia, was the son of a groom; Benes, his suc- cessor as President, is the son of a peasant; hall of his Cabinet Ministers are the sons of workers and peasants.

Long suppression by Imperial Austria-Hungary

the taught Czechoslovaks the priceless boon of democratic liberty. Alone among the Central European States, they have raised and nur- tured a progressive country with free Institutions. Parliamentary rule, liberty of speech and the written word and equality of citi- zenship.

T

HIS vital stronghold of democracy in Europe stands, perilously iso- lated, on the political and mull- tary high road from Berlin to Rome. Nazi Germany, on the west, surrounds nearly one-third of her entire frontier; on her other borders le the vasaal states of Hitler and Mussolini-Austria, Hungary, Poland-and dictator- ruled Rumania.

Hitler, only A weeks ago, threatened to "protect" her Ger- man minority of 3.500.000, the "Sudeten Deutschen," whose leaders are his openty proclaimed henchmen,

What will democratic littlo

To-day's Thought- KEEP your fears to yourself

but share your courage, -R. L. STEVENSON.

WE FEAR

NOTHING"

Czechoslovakia's President

discusses Europe

with

A. L. EASTERMAN

Czechoslovakia do against the Nazi-Fascist menace that faces hor? What do her leaders think of her future in fear-ridden, dictator-driven Europe?

Following my recent interview with King Carol of Rumania, I had a long talk with President Edouard Benes in the grim old fortress- palace of the ancient Bohemian kings on the high hill overlooking Prague, his capital. We discussed the main phases of the danger- Iaden European scene and the critical position within it of his own Slate.

H

IS words, which he gave me permission to pub- lish, are dramatic, bravo and peculiarly important at this moment.

"I do not believe war in Europe is imminent or inevitable," he said. But we are preparing for all eventualities and would defend our democratic institutions if they were attacked. We are a small country and a little people, but we fear nothing,"

Dr. Benes spoke with character- istic directness. There is nothing of the reticent formality of a ruler about him.

My introduction to him was made with a complete absence of fuss. No uniforms, no flunkey- dom, no stim obeisancen; every- thing severe, business-like, but pleasantly informal.

He is short, chubby-laced, with high forehead, thinning grey hair and small groy moustache. His light grey eyes are keen and sparkling with intelligent alertness and his mouth is firm and declalve. He answered my questions in excellent English.

I asked Dr. Benes about the relations between Czechoslovakia and Germany and whether his country was in danger of becom-' ing another 1914 Belgium.

"We have given proof that we really wish to come to an agree- ment with Germany," he replied.

"We continue, the policy of col- ∙laboration with Western Europe. the League of Nations and demo- Cracy. We wish to collaborate sincerely and with friendship for peace with all our neighbours, but there must be no interference in internal affairs.

"But one ought to know if other countries will follow this policy. We remain a democratic country

workers because we are

and peasants.

"No matter what happens, we shall not abandon our parila- mentary democracy."

I then asked Dr. Benes for his views on the Berlin-Rome

axis" "and the new "cordiality" to Ger- many and Italy shown by some of

WHY

the States of Central Iu- rope.

"West orn Europe must bo strong," be said, "and should con-

tinue to show

Democratte oasis. in the heart of a desert of "authoritarian" States,

an interest in the tittle States of Europe. If it does, things will improve gradually. If it does not, who knows what will happen to Europe as a whole?

We are not hustle to any nation, nor do we want to be used as an instrument against any nation.

"We want to be like Holland and Belgium-independent and free."

Is the suggested approach for Agreement between the Great Powers, I asked, a right move in the direction of European peace?

"The question of European peace should not be divided," he replied, 'Agreement between the Great Powers must not be locallsed but must be applied to all Europe. "Peace should not be localised In one direction and abandoned in another. To-day you can localise nothing."

I asked him about fears of war in Europe and the prospects and conditions for peace.

He leaned forward eagerly, “I do not believe a European war to be either imminent or inevitable," he replied. "There is therefore time in which to strengthen the forces for peace and to solve outstanding International problems.

"As I see it, no nation really wants to provoke a war. Nor is the so-called drive towards re- armament an inevitable prelude to war,

"For a certain time, therefore, we will not have war; but every- thing depends on us, the states- men, the people who direct affairs.

"We are, however, now in a altu- ation where there are theories in Europe that war must come again and that material force is decisive in history.

"I

N face of such ideas you can stop war only If the forces which stand for peace are stronger than those which proclaim the theories of material power.

"There is no other way to save peace. If you are strong and sincere in your defence of peace you will always be able to save it."

I inquired about Czechoslo- thorniest problem-the German minority whose “perse- cution," alleged by the Nazis, is the cause of acute friction with Ger- many.

vakia's

"There is complete equality for

NOT BE

one's

minorities under our constitution and we have full überty of speech and the Press.

"We are remedying all legitl- mate grievances and shall con- tinue to do so,

"We, the Government and my- self, have made a solemn declara- tion to this effect and this will be realised."

F

INALLY, I broached the queation which has be- come A vital factor In the forco hostility between Germany and Soviet Russin-the Nazi allegations that Czechoslo- vakia la being used as a “jump- Ing-off" ground for a Soviet attack on Germany.

I called Dr. Banes' attention to repeated statements that there were Russian aerodromes and aeroplanes in Czechoslovakia, and that Russian officers were in charge of them.

For the first time during our long conversation Dr. Benes as- sumed a sternly challenging atti- tude.

Slowly, and almost flercely, he said: "Allegations of Russian direction of or participation in our armed forces are absoluto non- sense.

There is no such thing; there never was and there is no reason that there should be."

One theme ran consistently through his rapidly spoken. cloquent words-pride in the free- dom and well-being of a peasant and worker people.

"We are all workers and peasants or their sons and daugh- ters," he told me. "I am the son of a peasant and I shall always re- main so even it I am President. --- ** I have eight brothers and sla- Lers, Two of my brothers are railwaymen, one is a workman in America and two aro school- teachers. Another is a peasant. My gisters aro the wives of

LWO peasants

"I live in the President's palace while my brothers and sisters re- main in the village. To us this is quite natural, especially a half of our Cabinet Ministers are the sons and daughters of workmen and peasants."

I recall a great little man, head of a stalwart and vitally important little country, an oasts of freedom in A turgid authoritarian " Ansett.

POPULAR?

re

Hongkong newspapers, it seems, are classed by the Japan- ese with such dangerous ma- terials as Communist and anti- Japanese literature. The reason for this is fairly obvious, for it is an easy step in deduction to conclude that because a news- paper publishes reports of enemy successes it is partial to that enemy. The conclusion is not necessarily sound. The majority of uncensored newspapers in the to time, there is still no reason- world to-day seek after truth, able excuse for their attempt to and publish it, even though it force others to ape their taste. may not be particularly palat- Shanghal is a cosmopolitan city, Here are different kinds of popu

Blunt," they proclaim. "I say just able to their readers. It might and surely the powers which larity-national, local, and domes too. Your audience may themselves!

I don't care or houses about which what I think, and just as well be argued by Chinese govern it are to be trusted to uc. It is not given to many to enjoy have ears

Well, if that should be their atti nation-wide acclaim; nor can we all they think no little. On the other whether I please or offend." that because Hongkong news safeguard the morals of the be general favourites in our own town hand, if they happen not to possess tude towards others, they need not

an expensive car or a fine house. papers have from time to time English-reading community at or village. But it is comparatively they will resent being reminded of surprised if they frighten all thest

in easy to become opular

acquaintances away. That is most given prominence to despatches least. To forbid any Inter- immediate circle of friends.

yours. It may seem very pretty, certainly not the way to be popular. but that is human nature, concerning Japanese successes national Settlement newspaper

When all is said and done, to pro- of being popular This business

In order somewhat of a paradox, for

to handle this human claim that you do not caro

if you that the press of the Colony was the utilisation of the Shanghal involves time you spend thinking nature, petly as it may be, it is offend or not does not show a very supporting Japan. Of course it post office facilities seems .1

plenty about yourself the more time other necessary to have

of tact. pleasant or amiable disposition. A may be a coincidence that the high-handed piece of inter-people will have for you. The egoist This comes from an instinctive sym-really nice person does not offend Ja never welcome at any moment.pathy, or fellow-feeling, which must anybody, either intentionally or the ban on Hongkong papers has ference with the rights of for- The man who tries to impress others be intimate and cannot be taught. reverse.

with his own great capacities and Thetful people are always popular. * occurred at a time when they cign nationals..

There is one type of person who accomplishments is always a dread- They are good listenern, which goes will never be anything but unpopu- are reporting Chinese, gains in

As for the assault on the ful bore. Besides, people do a long way.

Jar: that is the man (or woman) who Shanal and Shantung; and there British national and his Chinese always believe him, though they may A bore may be defined as the man will always try to go one better than may be something else behind employees, these incidents have be too polite to hint a doubt. They who will insist upon talking about the last speaker. He (or she) has

may prefer to judge for themselves. his rheumatism when you want to apparently to cap everything the Japanese decision. But since ceased to cause surprise. But

is said. A person may mention that Almost as bad as the egoist is the

iceps quiet about his that's nothing" breaks in the cap-

his uncle has

a wooden leg. "Oh, it is necessary for those in-none the less considerable. It is sings

sings the praises of his (or her) scintien, and lets the other fellow

"My uncle has two wooden relatives. It does not make you

per. talk about his own aliment to his terested also to fall back upon a pity that men who are known popular to proclaim that your sister heart's content. Thus he rebleves veas tiring iklim of thing becomes deduction, and their conclusion, the world over for their bravery is the prettiest girl or the most bril- great popularity and the reputation very tiring in time. There comes a moment when you wish to hit the far forget lunt pianist for miles around. And for being most Intelligent rind sym-capper very hard upon the head 80 in war should may be wrong.

themselves as to assault defence why? Because, human nature being pathetic,

with some blunt Instrument. what it is, your hearers instinctively As for the fate of the Shang-less persons and lay themselves begin to think of connections of Going One Better

The popular person does not try to monopolise; his motto is "Live hai Post and Mercury, it has open to censura for such un- their own who are clever and attrac-

There is no hypocrisy about this, and let live. He is willing to give Jalways been outspoken, it is intelligent conduct. If, as is live.

Which reminds us that some stupid and take; and, above all, he has that people are so opposed to being hy-priceless gift of tact, or sympathy- true, and has not hesitated to likely, the whole trouble arose Good Listeners

from the language difficulty,

pocritical that they rush to the other enll it what you will-which no one condomn Japan for her China one party being unable to under-

Praise of your particular' posscs- extreme, and trample rough-shod can be popular without.

Claude Gant policy. But newspapera all over stand the demands or explana-sions is opt to become wearisomo, over others' feelings. "I am a John the world have done the same, tions of the other, it is no credit

DOMDS KILL. 19,000 CROWS HORSE DIES OF HEART FAILURE | PROFANITY EDITED DOWN....... though perhaps not so frequently to the Japanese soldiers involved

Okemah, Okla.

Lorain, O..

Sudbury, Ont. or in the same terms. However, that they did not have the wit

More than 10,000 crows were killed Dolly, a big bay horse, served 15 "Ielf" is not a profano word any If the Japanese do not want to to realise it or give their victim when the state dish and game de years in the shafts of a dairy wagon, more according to Crown Attorner roost in the surviving uninjured a freight train E. D. Wilkins. He said the word is the opportunity of explaining partment bombed a read this publication, or any of himself to the proper authori northwestern part of Okfunkee collision which demolished the wagon used in the best clubs and hotels in county, Game Ranger Roy Collins she pulled. She died in the traces the land and that he had afters hoard the others that offend from time ties, wherever they may be,

har: Announced,

of hesst failure. »

It in the presence of ladies

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