1938-03-15 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1988.

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SHEET MUSIC

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1938.

IN SEARCH OF CULTURE

W

FALL and

DECLINE

of

AUSTRIA

GER

AUSTRIA

TODAY

FORMER

SWIT

USTRO-HUNGARIAI

EMPL

By Arthur Norton

HEN the bells of armistice rang out, they rang also the death knell of the great | Austro-Hungarian Empire. More than 40,000,000 of its subjects were henceforth to dwell beneath other flags; and in a dismembered A committee consisting of Dr. G. A. C. Herklots, Mr. W. Austria, not much larger that was not slow to breed inter- Schofield and Mr. A. D. Brank-than half England, 6,600,000 nal discontent, it suggested a ston recently completed and people made a republic and customs union with Germany.

Under French leadership tabled before the Legislative began a new and troubled

Europe objected, but took no most comprehen-life.

step to help its trade in any way. sive report upon museum accommodation required in That. life entered abruptly on Hongkong, the nature of col- a new phase on Saturday. lections advisable, its organi-

Council

sation, site and SO on. It

was a very commendable piece No one of Austria's 19 years of work, and the public, as well of independent life has passed

as the Government, is apprecia- tive. But the report went

#

without trouble. Years

of

The world was in the throes of the economic crisis and the break came at the weakest point in the fabric. Fears for the solvency of the Credit Anstalt led to a flight of capital from Austria, and this great Central European bank collapsed. With its fall the panic spread and

But if Dollfuss had triumph- ed, he was not for long to enjoy the strange fruits of his victory. Nazis Five months later the murdered him.

But, at the time, they did no more than that. The hoped for coup d'etat failed: Austria was not yet ready for complete Nazi domination.

Dollfuss was succeeded not by Rintelen, the Nazi nominee, but that moment Dollfuss was a by his second-in-command, Kurt martyr, and as such someone to von Schuschnigg, who remains be cherished and given a popu- Chancellor to this day. He larity he would otherwise never lacks every attribute that ever have had.

made Dollfuss popular; but in

In that same year Hitler had his four and a half troubled assumed power in Germany; years of office he has proved and from that moment it did not himself a match for all the in- really matter what independent rernal efforts to unseat him. Austria might do in an effort to He got rid of the egregious maintain its status failing con- Prince Starhemberg, his Vice- structive help from outside or Chancellor and head of the reasonable freedom to establish Heimwehr, whom many people, relations with Germany; it was at one time, supposed the real doomed now to fall into the power in Austria; and he has hands of the Third Reich on the never had trouble with the mis- step beyond the museum project poverty and deflation were in- caught all Europe in its grip. latter's terms. In the begin. chievous legitimist party who

evitable in a country which can

ning of "Mein Kampf," a book would put a Hapsburg back on a and spoke of "the need in the

From that moment the pace from whose stated doctrine throne that no longer exists. Colony for & cultural centre never have anything but an ad-

quickened; and Austria's trou-Hitler has never deviated, the verse trade balance. Almost bles, which, previously, had union of Germany and Austria embracing a library, a museum

In July, 1936, Germany gave and possibly an art gallery, and one-third of the entire popula been more or less confined to is envisaged as one of the major up attempting to bludgeon Aus- there are indications that such tion lives in one city, Vienna; economic questions, now swept

tria into submission, and sub- a proposal is at the moment be- and Austria could only feed them into the political arena and en- tics of the Nazi prostituted the hypodermic syringe. Ilitler made an agreement with S. MOUTRIE & CO, LTD. ing considered by the Govern- and clothe them and make them gulfed it. Already town

been setting itself up against It is not necessary here to go Schuschnigg which was supposed ment." It is the desirability of happy if it had been allowed to country; and the clouds of civil into all the reasons why such to "normalise the relations be- these other cultural amenities sell its products freely to its war began to gather in remote a marriage is of paramount im- tween the two countries." It which should be stressed at this neighbours-which it was not.

corners of the sky!

portance to Hitler's policy: it is was agreed that Germany 'should enough to say that, with Aus- recognise the full sovereignty of At one time it was kept alive Vienna, and the towns sen- tria remaining outside the fold, Austria; and that each Govern- There have been many

com-by loans politely blackmailed erally, were Socialist and anti- the Nazi dream of a Central and ment should undertake not to

Clerical; the countryside, en- plaints in the past that Hong-from the Powers to whom its vions of the urban standard of Eastern Europe trailing behind interfere in the internal politics kong has not a modern library independence was of paramount living, was Catholic and Con- Germany as satellite States could of the other. Austria undertook

never be realised.

to "recognise herself as a Ger- which, besides, providing works importance in their scheme of servative. So that the towns

man State" and so to frame her Dollfuss their privileges,

himself of reference, contains volumes European equilibrium. It was might retain

Was not policy. That temporary truce which appeal to

the popular allowed to do nothing that might their Schutzbund was created, a slow to recognise this new mena- came to a finish when Hitler taste. It is true that a library have proved to be its economic private democratic militia, re- ce; and he turned south for pro- sent for the Austrian Chancel- does exist, Government con-salvation; and in March, 1931, cruited from the ranks of So- tection, and found it in the arms for a month ago.

cialist workers and the intel- of Mussolini, who disliked then, trolled and operated, in the old made desperate by, a poverty ligentsia. On the other side the thought of a great German City Hall Building, and that] = books are being bought regularly

York Building

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SUEZ

AFRICA

BALD

SIBERIA

CHINA

JAPAN

17

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IT COSTS NO MORE

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AND SAVES BOTN

TIME RĠd ́TROUBLE

Chater Road.

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SOUTH AMERICA

PHILIPPINE

ISLANDS

AUSTRALIA NEW ZEALAND

TRAVEL TICKETS

TRAVELLERS CHEQUES

INSURANCE ·

FREIGHT

HOTEL COUPONS

time.

gramme. had

was the Heimwehr, built on army on the Brenner Pass,

܀

Fascist lines and recruited from ready, perhaps, to wrest froni Exactly what happened at to add to its shelves. But there needy charities. There certain-the peasants and land workers Italy the German-speaking ter- Berchtesgaden we do not know; are criticisms that the selection ly should be no reason why it in the provinces.

is not broad enough; in other could not be made to pay for words, that there are not enough itself if the Government,could

There are plenty of examples of frequently before the public. dictions: cunning and naif,

ritories which were annexed at but we do know that Hitler Versailles in 1919.

didn't argue, but commanded. Army and Air Force generals waited significantly in an ad- joining room. The truce was In those days he was strong over; the psychological moment enough to offer protection. Gor- had come; and the German dic- many was still comparatively tator demanded that the keys of weak; and Italian strength and the citadel be handed over to in two long and costly wars, one resources had not been dissipated him. of which still rages.

With Seyss-Inquart in virtual command of the police, with For his protection, however, Nazis in the Cabinet, the game that price was the liquidation of of Mussolini demanded a price; and was up. It was only a question

the Austrian Socialist Party. time before the National-

Socialist flag flew over the an- Dollfuss paid him in February, which once held the Turks at bay cient and civilised city of Vienna 1984, by turning his forces loose and Seyss-Inquart on the workers of Vienna and Schuschnigg as Chancellor.

replaced of the big provincial cities.

books on enough subjects not afford to support it, and if There now emerged into poli- available. It is also true, pro- no public benefactors offered tical life and power the diminu- bably, that the facilities the aid; for there are numerous tive figure of Engelbert Doll- library offer are not too well-organisations here which would fuss, who, by a series of politi- known in Hongkong. However, take advantage of the inexpen-cal chances, found himself Prime it is there for examination and sive accommodation, to be ob- 1932. From that date he re Minister of Austria on May 20, for the resident to form his own tained.

mained in power until the Nazis opinion.

murdered him on July 25, 1934. It is possible, too, that the Even more important than an facilities of a spacious auditor-of more legends than any of the Dollfuss has been the subject art gallory, it seems, and nextium might encourage garrison post-war dictators; more. loved in value to a library, is a large bands. so many of which are of and more hated,, perhaps, than and well-equipped auditorium. high quality, to appear more any. He was a mass of contra- the successful development of There is no doubt that a weekly simple and shrewd. the idea. Auditoriums in scores military band concert would be

Ho had not been in power a

And, as Dollfuss did, Schusch- of British cities, particularly in popular here during the winters. year when, as a consequence of

For four days the battle raged nigg turned his eyes south to Australia and Canada, built and It is not too much to hope that Nazis in Germany and their at 5,000 l-armed Schutzbundlers came; but this time no help was tho seizure of power by the in the capital: for four days Rome when the ultimatum supported by city govern-

an auditorium would eventually tempts to extend their activi kept the forces of authority at forthcoming. The ments and

public subscrip-bring into being a civic orches- ties to the whole German-speak- buy. Their homes, the famous now reversed. The Duce is no. rolea are tion, have proved not only tra of real merit. That is just ing world, he abolished parlia Karl Marx Hof and the Goethe longer the power paramount. immensely valuable culturally another project worthy of the mentary government and three Hof, were bombarded: all the but financially a sound invest-

widest and warmest support. days later set himself up as magnificent work of the Socialist Hitler has always had a ment. In the

first place

dictator with, supreme powers. municipality crumbled away to genius for taking risks at the an auditorium in Hongkong, It is a pity that Hongkong

dust; and with. It went the last right moment. providing it is suitable in the has earned the reputation of be

vestiges of liberty.

"France and Britain did matter of acoustics and equiping culturally backward and ment, would encourage amateur artistically uninteresting. Per. How long he would have laat Resistance lingered in the pro- nothing when I went into the dramatic and musical talent. haps it is that in the past the made on his life there is no more; but that was all. When have told Schtischnigg. "Do ød had an attempt not been vinces for perhaps two days Rhineland," he is reported to

THOS. COOK & SON, LTD. and might eventually be the Colony could hot, Attard auch knowing, but on October 8, 1938, Otto Bauer, leader of the So--your think they will lift & angar

- Queen's Bldg., Hongkong.

means of awelling substantially luxuries as books and good mu- a Nazi hit him with two bullets cialists, fled abroad the blood- to save, you ?? the funds available for always sic. It is high time it did, and falled to kill him; and from/ shed came to an end.

He has calculated walf