1937-12-02 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1987.

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THURSDAY, DECEMdza 2, 1937,

HONOUR AND THE FLAC

In times like these one reads much about the susceptibilities

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An

"Thoughtless people regard the locking up of a prisoner in a cell

very much as they regard locking up a loaf of bread in a cupboard”

Mr. L. Adam has written many books on crimino. logy,

Dent

was written forly years ATO and many of the re- adro. forms be caled have since came to pau.

In olew of the recent four of our prisons made by Sir Samuel Hoare, Home Secretary, and the reforms that are likely to be in- troduced as a result of it, Mr. Adam put a number of questiona to Mr. George Bernard Shaw on some of the main features of the system. The following are the questions and Mr. Shaw's replica.

UPPOSING you were Home Secretary, that would be your attitude towards the Prison

System?

Probably pigheaded, cruel, and reactionary. That seems to be the final effect of tho office on the most amiable per- cons. -

Prison industries. . . . It is my submission that prisons may be not only self-supporting, but might be made to pay. I have discussed this with all. leinds of officials, and tlicy all declare that the one great obstacle to this desirable end is that they cannot get the money What would for the purpose. you suggest?

Of course they could be made self-supporting if our Capitalist system did not stand in the way. But the moment any State establishment manufactures goods for sale to the public the private commercial manufac- turers are up in arms at once uncommercial com-

against petition.

I can remember when the sale of Italian photographs of pletures and frescoes at the Victoria and Albert Museum had to be kept decret lest the neighbouring sin- tioners should raise a clamour against

State enterprise can may sound like first class non-

wipe out private trade if it is hon- Benge. Apparently it must be estly and ably conducted; conse- quently it is a vital condition of admitted that guns, as much as the Capitalist system that State enterprise (Communism, in short) swords, may be tied up with

No- shall be resolutely barred. man's honour, and to

body is going to break up the besmirch either

system and ruin whole streetruls be

of honest citizens for the sake of offence not readily forgiven. a handful of criminals. It

not was

80 long ago ANOTHER objection to the de- velopment of prison industries findeed, that

man's sword is that the Trade Unions oppose meant до much

him them as 10

"unfair competition." Cannot these diferences be ad- that he would not use it to

justed? chastise persons of lesser social standing; or if a little blood- letting were forced upon him he

Was

very

2

scrupulous

This is the same objection. The

about that the launch was boarded cleansing his blade. It is, not when flying the American flag generally supposed that modern was considered an affront. The the Hearst weapons are treated with the incident caused game consideration, but there is Prese in America to exclaim no telling how a soldier's feel-in headlines: "Insult to flag!

The climaxes series of provocations." ings may be offended.

Guardsman thinks a good deal This, of course, in very large of his uniform; and no-one un-type, topping the story as told nuthorised can wear the budges by the carat correspondent. of His Majesty's Navy and ex-But after all, this is only the

Hearst Press view. pect to escape punishment if he

Ignorance can often be ad- Is discovered. So it may well bej

vanced as an excuse, though in that the Japanese feel the same law it constitutes no defence. way about their machine-guns, For instance, the young non-1 and that the profane hand of union newspaperman who in- advertently handled the metal another nationality upon this in the composing-room of a blg weapon is much the same as a daily paper and thereby caused a strike, might be forgiven for slur upon the flag.

his ignorance. He did not know

Exclusive Interview G.B.S. on

Prison Reform

Wo aro still in the sheriff's difficulty.

As long as a prison is a place of torment from which any inmate will escape if he can, the choico la between cells and the promiscuity of a general prison, which is an- bearable. In Munich, where the Communists were thrown together in this way after the fall of Bela Kun, the prisoners used to breat the prison rulea for the sake of escaping from one another for ten days solitary. Here it would be worse than the general work. house in respect of the corruption of the young by the old. BROADMOOR-As an outcome of the cellular confinement referred to, some prisoners mad, and are then sont to Broad- #oor. If they are considered "cured" before the expiration of their sentence, they are returned to prison.

00

It then sometimes happens that they lose their reason once more. and are again sent to Broadmoor for another cure.

(This was told me by a Superintendent of Broadmoor "in con. Adenco "It sounds like something from the Spanish Inquisi- tion.)

But the moment may share

of couce. Dicy could be made self infecting of our hip litt spotom did not stand

the way.

why is wins at me put cal ecliffchment monefrotires goods for sale to the public the private Tormek new rifaciter 1

criminal who produces anything does an honest man out of his job.

CELLULAR confinement - the

most terrible and demoralising feature of the whole system. It scems to belong to the Stone Ape. At least twelve out of the twenty-four hours are spent by prisoners in these "living tombs," I am told that if these hours are reduced it would mean enlarging the administrative staff-and they "can't afford 12")

...

Bernard Shaw has been a consistent critic of our prison system. Reproduced here is part of the manuscript of his ansisers to the interviewer's set of questions.

Cellular confinement is a dia- bolical form of

bul torture: and thoughtiess

unimaginative prople regard the locking up of a prisoner in a cell very much as they regard locking up a lost in a supboard. Imprisonment began, not as a punishment but as the sherid's only means of preventing an accused person from running away before he was delivered-up to be put on his trial. Now that imprisonment has largely super- seded other forms of punishment

Merchant Fleets

of the

Roads

£400,000,000 circulatory system of Creat Britain. Two valves of its heart: passenger transport and goods haulage. Its blood-stream: Its arteries 500.000 coaches, buses, lorries, vans. and veins: 175,000 miles of highways and byways

-By- BRIAN

LEWIS

had become a practical com- mercial possibility. Its acccle- ration was fairly gradual until the war, which mushroomed it gigantically.

The petrol engine was the only solution to the enormous pro- blems of transporting food, clothing, supplies, munitions to armies of millions of men, of

a man's heart stops beating the problems of transporting the men themselves rapidly from the blood carrying oxygen

On its vehicles are made some

It is governed bureaucratically under a complex system of Acts of Parliament regulations cunsing and a tangled web of

Thila procedure is quite logical. If it happened to me. and I found Worm- wood Ecruba Iess. comfortable than Broadmoor, I should

take care to go mad. again at the earllest plausible tunity.

oppor-

IN order that prison industries might be developed, it would be necessary to reduce the hours. of cellular confinement-the one would impinge on the other. Can you make a suggestion how this might best be accomplished?

I cannot pursue the subject any farther. The Standard Edition of

д contains volume my works entitled "Doctors' Delusions, Crude Criminology and Sham Education," in which the subject of Imprisonment is the subject of an exhaustive essay. I cannot go over it all again.

•

[

WE print below a selection of points.

from the book referred to by Mr. Shaw in the interview

"Imprisonment as it exists to-day 16 a wors erlie than any of those committed by its victims; for no single criminal can be as powerful for evil, or an unrestrained in its exercise, as an organised nation."

The public conscience would be far more active if the punishment of im- prisonment were abolished, and we went back to the rack, the stake, thr pillory, and the Issh at the cart's

tafi."

Every judge, magistrato and Home Secretary should serve a six months Bentesen incognito; so that when he is dealing out and enforcing sen tences he should at least know what he is doing.

*

Violent and quarrelsome people are often only energetic people who are under-worked: I bave known a man cured wife-beating by setting him to beat the drum in a village band; and the quarrels that make country life so very unarcadian are picked mostly because the quarrellers have not enough friction in their lives to keep them good-humoured."*

*

"Warders suffer in body and mind from their employment; and, if it be truc, as our, examination seems to prove, that they are doing no good to society, but very active harm, their lives are wasted more completely than those of criminals; for most criminals are discharged after a fow weeks of months; but the warder nover escapes until he is super annuated, by which time he is an older fallbird than any fer in the colls"

•

derstood by those who do not under stand freedom. But it can be understood quite well enough to havo

made a much less horrible, wicked and wasteful thing than it is at present."

It can be more readily under-the union rule that no outsider and coll-building materials to all sector to threatened sector, from Since the war it has continued stood, then, that the United shall "touch type." But in this parts of his body stops circulat-front to front.

matter of handling guns and ing, and he dies.

If the internal-combustion to grow steadily and irresistibly, States of America feels some ill-trenting flags, the position is indignation at the latest in-somewhat different. Moreover, engines of Britain's road trans-until now its passenger division dignity alleged to have been ja nation of Japan's susceptibility port industry censed ticking alone carrice over half of the offered to her national honour should recognise that there may lover Britain would starve to passenger traffic of the country-] -Imprisonment cannot be fully im-

bo others equally easily offend- death. and prestige. It is reported ed; and likewise British soldiers, that Japanese nationals boarded so proud of their own honour, 6,000,000,000 passenger journeys a hunch flying the Stars and should probably know, better a year; goods are transported made under them.

than to profane another's wen-7,000,000,000 ton-miles; it gives Stripes, lowered the flag, holated pona, There is no law about direct employment to 750,000 the banner of Nippon and such things; but the average workers.

anfc guide.

licensed in three cate- allowed America's Old Glory to conscience is float away сп the none-too-Soma wise man may some day

RCAD transport la pro- gories: "A," public carriers' coln some phrase like: "The

bably the oldest form licences for operators using their sparkling tide of the Whangpoo. love and respect which one There is no proof that the feels for one's flag may be of transport in the world. In vehicles entirely for. hire or re- the gauged by the honour shown to its present petrol-powered form ward; "B," limited carriers Japanese actually threw

the flag of another." But such it is nearly as young as aviation. licences for those using their

it It dates from about 1000, when vehicles partly for hire and licences for those using their Stars and Stripes into

would not apply to-day,

the internal-combustion engine partly for their own trade or Whangpoo; but the mere facti acome.

tho

B

GOODS vehicles

aro

To-day's Thought. WHILST us have prisons it matters little which of ur occupy the cells.

--G, B. SHAW, in “The Revolutionist's Handbook.“

business; "C" private carriers

(Continued on Pượt: 83