1937-11-02 — Page 30

THE

THE HONGKON TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1937,

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TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1837,

DISCUSSION Vs. DISTORTION

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pos- sibility of rivalry, friction and armed conflict between them. Yet it seems axiomatic that to shut one's eyes to a danger is the surest way of crashing into it. Discussion, while it may not provide remedy, certainly clarifies any problem-or should do, if the discussion is sane and confined to essentials.

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WHAT WE CAN DO

TO HELP CHINA

"Japan is dependent upon sup plies of essential raw materials from abroad-and therefore upon being able to sell enough exporta to enable her to purchase them."

in usc

"Blood and destruction shall be so

And dreadful objects so familiar

they behold

That mothers shall but smile when

Their infants quarter'd with the

hands of war; All pity choked with custom of fell

decda."

OW long will it be before we reach this state? Not perhaps so very long if the world moves at the same pace and in the same direction as in recent months.

By SIR

bombing

tion effective and to give mutual protection against possible re- prisals.

Japan is dependent, to an al- together exceptional extent, upon supplies of essential raw materials from abroad--oll, col- ton, iron ore and rubber, for example-and therefore upon be ing able to sell enough exports to enable her to purchase them. She may have stocks enough for a short war, but she could not carry on in face of an embargo en her goods by other countries, or even by Great Britain and the U.S.A.

Collaboration in economic measures la essential. But if this country cannot act alone, it can be prepared, and make it clear that it is prepared, to act with other countries.

For the Government to be able to do this, it must be assured of

ARTHUR SALTER

indiscriminate,

of "civilians" has been replaced by the depth and the strength of scores of other cities; the razing "non-combatants," and the con- public opinion as to what is hap- to the ground of Nankal Uni- text-or, at least, what has pening in China. versity, are all examples of a per- since happened-seems to sug- This is where all of us can fectly obvious purpose--to gest that this means "nationals help. We can organise and at- achieve a military result by ter- of non-combatant countries," tend meetings; we can work rorism of the civilian population.

of Nations compels capitulation, annexes comfort from this; and the sub- ties; we can ask our Members of

What if Japan attains victory, Chinese civilians will get cold through League

Union branches and peace socie- North China and dominates the sequent bombing has resolved Parliament to approach the Gov- South by these means? What any doubts as to the interpreta- ernment. will be the result, not only in the tion that should be given to the Far East, but throughout the Japanese promises. world? Is it not obvious that it will make war much more prob- horrors when it comes? able, as well as increasing its

Just picture what is happen--

This Schoolmaster

And now in China the scale is being immensely enlarged. the great metropolis of Nanking; The threat to destroy completely the systematic bombing day by day that has followed; the even more murderous attacks upon art. the congested population of Can-teaching English. I met him a week

AST March I made friends with af young painter who was teaching in a large London secondary school. I was there temporarily

Hated His Job

More than governmental pro-

And the first Ing now in China. The actual tests are needed. necessity is a. flame of world, massacres are only a part of the opinion, such as any outrage in deeper tragedy of the destruc- defiance of the accepted rules tion of a great civilised society. of conduct always evoked in the China comprises a fifth of the For à country which doubts

last century.

world's population. It has a It is so often said that the

its capacity to wage an aggres-

record, unapproached by any press, by giving prominence to

sive war for which large re-

What is involved? It is not other country, in maintaining Of all the developments of re- sources would be needed might only a question of illegal out till recently through many cen- expert opinion on some matter cent years the gradual accept well be tempted, if such methods rages in a war. The war itself turies a society at once civilised of controversy or upon some ance as inevitable, if not almost had once succeeded, to try to is in direct breach of Japan's and pacific, which encouraged such subject, as naval or mili- legitimate, of what would before break the morale of London or engagements under the Kellogg learning and the arts of peace tary rivalry, actually increases have roused a fame of world Paris by civilian massacre. Pact and the Nine Power Treaty, and was unprovocative to other the danger of tension. On the opinion is perhaps the most

It is an aggression against nations. other hand, to suppress such ominous for the future.

Official protests against the which League members ΑΓΟ Tho total destruction of indiscriminate bombing of civi- bound, under the Covenant, to for her virtue as for her failings.. China has suffered as much ignorant of the trend of events Guernica in Spain in ita scale and lians have been made, by our do their best to protect the It was not just her own decad and the dangers and complica completeness marked a further own-country-by the U.S.A by victim. To do their best, for ence, vice, or moral weakness Lions Inherent in changing stage In the technique of France and by Russia, and, in particular loyal members of the that in this century brought her political and commercial rela- terrorism as a method of warfare deed, it is reported, also by Ger League cannot, of course, be re- to chaos, but the impact of the tions, would be unwarrantable than had previously been reach- many, Italy and other countries. garded as being under an obliga West, with its militant trade and in any democracy where men ed.

The answer to these protests has tion to apply Sanctions which navies, and the demonstration of and women are supposed to Protests were made, but the

been very significant.

might involve them in hostilities the physical power that is given think for themselves, govern indignation was much less in-

Some assurances have been unless they can secure sufficient by industrialisation. themselves. How can they fuifl tense and less widespread that given, but in them the word collaboration to make their ac- (Continued on Page 5.). the obligation which the posses- it would have been a few years sion of democracy places upon before-or its expression was them unless they are conversant lamentably inadequate, with modern events and opinions? And how can the vast majority obtain even smattering of the general know ledge requisite except through the press? Newspapers, in the publication of predictions and opinions, are far behind the book publisher when it comes to ton; the similar and apparently ngo, "I have given up school-master-a year and provided with quarters make a living. He soon discovers that type of matter often un- fairly

he told me described

ing,"

"I confessed

too. "I couldn't I bad all my meals in school.

that certain items of his expendi mongering." What would the situation in the Far East and neither could I. Neither of us had my day was tied with a round of ings, the col of school equpiment My work was not difficult, but ture like the upkeep of his build- stand it any he said. And critics of newspapers say to a although the optimists will cry other posts to go to. headline: "Japan Must Fight "Unthinkable" to any sugges

monotonous tasks. I had to stand and the salaries of his statt ore the Britain" at this stage of events? tion of conflict between Japanglish to the upper class and took line themes, for rambles

My post in the secondary school about while the boys played in the same from year to year. The cost of food, however, varles in propor- not an unpleasant one. I taught large grounds after breakfast.

took on to the quality and quantity pro- And yet that is the fearloss title and Britain or Japan. and the other classes for history and geo-them for games, for rambles in the vided. Faced with a sudden antl of an eminently fair and well-| United States the fact that mea|graphy. I began work at '9 nm. woods and for walks on wet after unexpected outlay or with a decline

a parto fees the die nattery opt mander Tota Ishimaru of the the eventuality is worthy of ould correct exercises or prepare a sure and could have been done by aj economise by spending less on food, Imperial Japanese Navy, a mil- public notice. One asks at once: lesson.

elementary that it gave me no plen- paratory school is always to lion copies of which have Is there any reason to suspect

clever, schoolboy of fifteen,

School food was incredibly bad, already been sold in Japan. As that the great Pacific powera sion, scouting and school rambles

yet nobody seemed to mind and stray complaints'. from the boys never long as the press guards against will ever come to grips? And were generally arranged

seemed to reach their parents. Much has been written about the found myself thinking how very pri misrepresentation, distortion the answer must be affirmative within school hours and were equally

games and the vate our private schools are. and deliberate untruth there Likewise, to the question; I divided among the large staff so that evil of compulsory ·

bad effect they have on boys. No can be no valid reason for sup there any good cause for such a burden. I did extra duty once a master in charge of a game who in he is never away from his werk. no one, mun ha to bear too heavy one ever spares a thought for the in a very small circle. If he lives A preparatory schoolmaster lives pressing discussion of even tho

a catastrophic development? the week. On other days my time was may regard his duty with distaste I shall never forget the ordeal of delicate situations it most world or internal politics, And political and economic. But to and cheerful.

answer is apparently yes; both my own after 4.15.

and look forward with loathing to staff supper and the one eternal un- My fellow teachers were afable the days when it is lite turn, changing subject of conversation. to go a step farther, on

Here the boys loved their games. boy. I saw why a schoolmaster can They rushed out to the cricket field become the most narrow-minded of same, basis of argument, there the question: Is there no way of

guarding against and prevent- There was

of a break and all educated men 110 excuse for secret can bo

a large, bright staff at the beginning

the most ing such misfortune? And in room where one could always and crawled unwillingly back from crushing bore of all. diplomacy on the part of any a war in the Pacific inevitable? comfortable chair and an excel- cricket to classes or meals, Cricket true democracy,

afternoon and the answer can only be arrived lent fire, A good lunch costing only was played every

chilling was served for the staff,nels and fielding practice given in

And yet a schoolmaster in à pre- Yesterday experts in Wa- at by careful analysis and free was paid over 20 a week and the morning break.

paratory school occuples a shington discussed the possibili- discussion, out of which there lived in comfortable rooms in an- I know nothing of the deer points position. If he possesses.

unique certain: ty of the Pacific becoming the should emergo the clear-cut other quarter of London.

of cricket and found no pleasure in qualities of appearance, of Intellect field for the greatest armament issues and their reasoned re-

Imparting the little knowledge I had and personally he is probably more I left the secondary school for of the game. I helped to bowl and reverenced than any other being in programme the world has ever medies. Meanwhile, it is the a post in a preparatory school bat and endeavoured with a forced the world. Been Simultaneously they men- business of the press to present and a half days a week. My only off hood. It was amusing enough for the worth far more than a parent's and

outside London. Ilere I worked six enthusiasm to recall my lost child

I soon found that my word was tioned the chance of a three-developments, as they occur duty time, except for an occasional first two days cornered naval building race be without prejudice or high hour during the day, was Sunday

that my knowledge and learning were tween Great Britain, the United colour, and with the sole object afternoon.

Most preparatory schools aro pri- thought to be limitable. I was the States and Japan, Obviously of clarifying the position for off. My day began at 8 am, when vately owned and this one was no supreme arbiler in

all arguments I breakfasted with the boys and exception,

and a connoisseur of all experience. their discussion arose out of the the average, and even the less ended when prep. finished at 0 A school of this kind is run as a It is an enviable position. And now admittedly disturbing political than average, man.

d'elock. For all Wilk I was pold £200 business and the headmaster has to 1 have thrown it away...

"scure-

the

sometimes two, oft each day when

Extra duties like games supervi-

to fall

I had alternate Sundays.

and

pre-

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