1937-10-29 — Page 10

10

SCHOOL holidays are over-and the laddio in the pictura knows it!

But now the beginning of torm no -longer moons a return to terror or todium. Below is described the rovolution which has changed. modern school life.

G

OOD - DYE, J a c k. Good-bye, Jill." You

can hear it in your stroct. I hear it in my street. It's Mother secing the children off to school.

And it does your heart good to listen to the lilt of their voices as they call the last Good-bye before they go out of sight. Sometimes, though,

there is a bit of a quaver in Jack's voice-If he is

Jack.

And if he is u blg Jack?

a little

Well, I know of a Jack who naked his mother to wave from behind the front-room curtains so that the other boys shouldn't laugh at him.

Which illustrates exactly the Englishman's attitude to senti- ment.

Nowadays, school ta not just round

the corner.

Until a few years ago, this Good- bye ritual was a pretty simple business. Jack's school and Jill's school were almost within ear- shot, and both of them came trot- ting home for their mid-day dinner.

But it's different to-day. Even the younger children "may have quite a considerable tramp to their brand new Junior school. and Jack and Jil are "Seniors,' then they become experienced travellers. Going to school, in their case, may mean a journey of several inlles by bus, cycle, train, or Shank's pony.

Bo that when Mother sees them off in the morning, she knows-that Aho won't see them again until the evening,

Jack and Jill have been caught up

in a resolution.

The revolution which happens overnight has a short life. The most effective in that which takes place slowly, and without fuss. It affects your life before you know that it's commenced. That is the sort of revolution which has com- pletely changed school life for Jack and Jill, and is perplexing Mother.

Mr. Hadow started it eleven years ago. He said that there should be a break in a child's education at the age of eleven, and that he should then move into an- ather type of school and receive a different kind of instruction.

The Board of Education was at

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

FRIDAY,

OCTOBER 29, 1987.

Not So Uphill

for Jack & Jill

the back of him. The teachers joined in. So did the Local Autho- rities, nome of them mther re- luctantly.

The result was that sweeping changes in the traditional system of elementary education initiated. The revolution has been going on over since, and touched the lives of all elementary school children Great Britain.

But it is not finished yet. No, hot by a long way

hag the

This is what it already has done

for Jack and Jill.

It has brought thoni out of that old type of school where they would have ant under the same roof and played in the same old yard from the age of Aro to four- teen. At eight they move into a Junior school, leaving the Infants' school behind them, and at eleven they pass to a Senior school where they remain until they are tour- teen.

It has closed down that grimy buliding with its barrack like play- ground, its dull and fuconvenient classrooms, its lack of essential sanitation, and its obsolete fur- niture, and it has put them into a floe buliding complete with every

with necessary, and furnished aome luxuries.

But more than those, the revolu- tion has completely changed our outlook on education, with amaz- ing and far-reaching conse-

THECHINESE SOLDIER

HE account

THE

which the Chinese side of the Allies, she learned nothing troops have been giving of them in direct military experience from selves at Shanghal and elsewhere that struggle. has destroyed our old notions of the Chinese soldier as a fighting-man.

Indirectly she learned much, and

the importance of the part played by the 100,000 coolies who made the

The Chinese method of, malding 12,000-miles journey to the battle- wur way for long a source of amuse- fields and bases of France and Flan- ment to the European, but the days ders has perhaps been underesti- when, the staple weapon

of the maied. Chinese "Tommy" was the bow-and- Those men who were largely re- arrow, when soldiers went into ac- cruited from Shantung, were thrown tion carrying bird cages and fans, to contact with an allen civilisation when the umbrella was a regular and received in France a bodily and part of military equipment, have a mental discipline foreign to their long since passed.

nature.

Evening Classes for Troops

This change in the old order of Oriental warfare, to which we have accustomed ourselves in the case of

In cases where they were to some Japon, may have brought the East into line with the West in the matter extent drilled, they proved efficient of fighting, but it is a tragic change. and even smart, while in the hands of their student-interpreters, they. The average Westerner, wrote were enthusiastically inflluted into Okaltura Kakuzo, in that highly en- the tenets of Chinese Nationalism.. lightening boolt of his on the mean- On their return to Ching they acted ing of ten a few years ago, vas as an important lever, and in 1924 wont to regard Japon as burbarous it was largely these men who were while she indulged in the gentle arts the mainstay of the Cheldang troops of peace; He calls her civilised ance before Shanghal in the defence of she began to commit wholesale the arsenal against the Klangsu slaughter on Manchurian battle- forces, when refugees poured into felds."

Shianghol by thousands instead of pouring out of it as they are doing Modern Methods

now,

But if the lankter and more slouch- Changed as Oriental militarism is, ing Northerner can be licked into the idea that werfate in China is a shape, the sturdier and more solid Gilbert and Sullivan affair dies hard, Southerner to even better material,

and the laughter which followed the Southern

and 10 the greater contact of

announcement in the House of Com- be traced the wider response of the China with Europe must mona by a British Prime Minister South to Western ideals and methoxis. not so long ago that a Northern Chinese commander had made termTLS In the emergence of China from with the Nallonalists and had been the fog of medievaliam, education. appolated to command tho 41st and militarism have gone hand in Southern Arny was no doubt partly find. Education ins always been prompted by the knowledge that, at one of the chief planks of the No- one sime at feart, whole regiments tionalist programme, and even the in China, scheduled on the tuchups of the North were not alw „sicongth,"_extated or autralone, felise, its advantages.

During the regime of General Feng The camera has been the most Yu-bslang at Chengich, in Hunan, powerful -

monys of "writing-off" the troops under his immediate com these antiquated, notions, and the mand attended evening, classes and, news pictures which are beginning in the Army workshops, officers and to arfive from the scene of the pre- men ulke were taught a trade. sont operations speak eloquently of advanced was the Clungteh military change.

school that its training included

The old methods, which persisted Bymnastic exercises.

So

up to the time of China's war with Once before in China's history the Japan In 1884 and even as late aspirit of military enterprise came from the North, and under the Tar-

in

the Boxer Rebellion, had begun, at tar, dynasty China was a military the opening of the present century,

`power, to vanish.

constantly engaged frontier warfare. Modern artillery, made its, ap-. Her soldiery pressed as far as the pearance in China, and it was used gates of Budapest. The algnificance with good effect in the attack on of that fact is often forgotten; the Tientsin. But though China nomin¬" ttt liselt in seldom remembered. ally entered the Great War upon the

0.

-BY

CHARLES WARRELL

quences to the Instruction given to Jack and Jill.

This is the sort of school they at-

tend now.

School authorities are proud of it. They have reason to be.

It is now in conception, now in construction, new in its purpose. It is moro, much more, than a mero building. It provides both Inspiration and stimulus to those who occupy it. Externally,

delightful. it is Lawns and Dower-lined paths.lçad to its entrances, Wide verandahs and sunny quadrangles add to Its charm. Smooth, green playing felds stretch in the distance. "There is an air of space and grael-

ousness about it.

Internally. it has all-or nearly all-which the heart of man, or child, could desire.

The light and alry classrooms have doors flung wide on to lawng and gardens; there is a noble and spacious hall; the fumiture throughout is fit for a prince; the decorations are in keeping.

་

And then the amenities!

A gymnasium, with changing rooms and shower baths; a stage. which is the last word in lighting and planning; a special room for film projection; telephones and electric clocks in every room; hot. -water in the cloak rooms,-and dry-. ing cubicles for wet clothes; a cookery room, which Jill says that even Mrs. Becton could not im- prove; science rooms, which, with their machinery, their tools and their working models, are a source of never-ending fascination to Jack; and a wealth of equipment generally throughout the school which makes some of the older teachers rub their eyes.

Truly Jack and Jill äre fortunate children.

But what about Peter and Mary,

and all the rest of them) Ahl that's the.rub.

For every school, like Jack and Jill's there are a hundred of the, old one still in use.

There are nearly a thousand schools still on the "Black List," that 1, they have been listed as very unsuitable by the Board of Education.

Rats enter some of them and

eat the children's 'dinners, Rein Ink comes in through the roof, freezes in the inkwells. Water has to be carried from a stream or pump. Decont sanitation is lack- ing. Walls are damp and crumb- ling. The desks cry out for a bon- Arc.

In furniture and fittings Dotho- boys Hall lives again in some of these classrooms.

And bear in mind that only the very worst of the schools are on the "Black List." There are many more which depress the mind of the child and sap the vitality of the teacher.

But the revolution still goes on.

And now the greatest change of

all!

When Jack and Jill leave school. they will enter a rapidly changing. world. A world which dally be- comes smaller, world in which the distant peoples come nearer, a world in which no one can be 190- lated or independent..

They will live a life which moves at a faster rate, which will táx them more in their working hours, and from which they will expect more in their leisure hours.

Radio, the sound films, and the universality ot travelling, will greatly affect their, contacts and their experiences. An unceasing propaganda from a variety of sources will test their judgment. Their own country will depend on their spirit and their understand- Ing. Their own lives will be made or marred by themarives,

People are asking if modern edu- cation is keeping pace with modern demands.

~Mr.” Wells ̈says it isn't, but then" he is hopelessly out of touch with the schools. He peers so much into the future that he cannot recog- nise the present.

As far as the elementary schools are concerned, the change which tias taken place in the bulldings themselves is more than matched by the change in the education given in thein,.

Jack and Jill have teachers with a new outlook; the work is planned with a new purpose and with a now alm; now curricula is fol- lowed; new methods are used.

Make no mistake about it. The elementary schools, are fitting Jack and Jill to play their part in mak- ing a new world,

.........................-To-day's Thought

TAKE care of the sense, and the sounds will take care of themselves,

MOTORISTS, HAVE

--LEWIS CARROLL

WHAT IS YOUR ALLERGY?

I

strawberries bring you out in n

rash, you are an allergie person. Medical science has long recognised that there was more than a grain of truth in the old saying. "One' moty's ment is another man's polson."

Hay fever is probably the com- mongst allergie dlacase, but current medical opinion inclines to the view that allergic disorders are for more widespread than was formally sup- posed. It is probable that the com- mon cold is often allele in origin.

There is no one substance or group of substances that aluse causes aller- gle disorders. Almost any substance of plant or animal origin may be the offending agent.

Asthma is another common aller- gle disease, but five successive_cases of asthma muy reve five different causes. In rare instances the agent: may be intangible. Heat, light, and cold have been found to be responsi ble in the great majority of cases, Anything that a person ents, drinks, inliales, wears, or even touches may give rise to, an allergle complaint.

The disorder may take the form of a cold, hay fever, nathms, other respiratory disenses, digestive trou bles, skin eruptions, and nervous dis- turbances.

Sensitive to Smells

Some people are extremely sensi- tive to allergle substances, minute quantities being' sufficient to produce extreme effects. In sume Instonces even a smell will start the reactions. The odour of chrysanthemums is a case in point. All nursery foremen know that chrysanthemums, produce" unpleasant effects on certain ployees. As soon as the plants come intò bud it is necessary to re- move the "sensitive" workers from the

other- chrysanthemum houses, wise they will be off duty for some weeks with all the symptoms of blood-polsoning.

เ

em-

Many fabrics used for clothing have allergic properties, Rayon is the slightest offender among the Hextiles. Fur is a general offender, fur-lined gloves being & frequent cause of trouble. People who are not sensitive to fabrics are sometimes sensitive to the dyes with which they are coloured.

Sometimes we read of an action brought against the manufacturer of come article of attire on the ground that it caused dermatitis in the wear- er. So for as I knew the defence of allergy has never been put for- ward, but there is little doubt that many of these cases are brought by allergic persons, and that the articles of clothing responsible for the trouble could have been worn by other people with impunity. Anti-Chocolate

Foods are powerful allergle agents, and the disorders they cause ore not always gastric in type. Food allergy has been responsible for such widely varying effects as migrolne, bronchial asthma, eczema, and sinus conges- tion.

Chocolate upsets some folk. Eggs, milk, and cereals are literally Ash poison to the unfortunate people who happen to be sensitive to these whole- mme fools. Some patients are sen- sitive to entire groups of foods, such as fruits, cereals, meats, or vegeta- bles.

If the reactions are delayed, us frequently happens in cases of food allergy, the sufferer has no suspicion that an item of diet may be cause of all his trouble.

Anyone who suffers from a chronic complaint that occurs from time to time without apparent rhyme or rea- son. should suspect food allergy and should endeavour, by a process of elimination, to identify the particu- lar food that is causing the trouble. It may be a food of which the indi. vidual is particularly fond.

Household pets have no place in the home of an allergle person. Minute particles of hair or feather

cause may

chronic disturbances among human beings, and the com- plaints will not yield to treatment until the cause in each case is dis- covered.

In this class of complaint diagnosis is difficult, especially as we have little idea how for the ramifications of allergy may extend, and luck a complete list of discuses that can be

BEEN WRONG caused in this way.

"Are they right? An authorito- needed. statement is greatly

When allergy in suspected the only satisfactory.

of diagnosis, method apart from an eliminating diet in the None of the claims made in favour

case of foods, is the injection of ex- tracts.

Hundreds of extracts made of using a coloured, and in particu- tive for a yellow headlight beam for mo. This paper supplies, in a simple man from different substances are kept in

ner, the answer which selence gives a refrigerator. tor cars, rather than a while beam to the question."

In turn, a drop of each extract is of no greater power, has been sub- stantiated.

There was no evidence, states the injected under the patient's skin. The report, that in the objects and back-allergic substance causes the appear- ance of a swelling about the size of The claim for a greater range of grounds Illuminated by a driver's

en florin around the Injection. As the visibility in fog may be regarded as headlights there was a predominance reaction takes place within ten of one colour which could be turned minutes, It is possible to test for definitely disproved.

to advantage by the use of a colour the more common agents in a short On the other claims for legs daz- filter over the headlights, nor was time, but when an obscure substance zle and greater facility of vision there any evidence to show whether is at the root of the trouble, the test-

ing period may run into weeks.. the evidence is inconclusive; but it practice affect the ease with which

Influence of Heredity. is apparent from the information the oye could detect objects by ihat further means of the differences in colour at present vallable work is unlikely to show that any icy presented. considerable advantage can be

the use of a colour Alter would in

There

Allergic disorders are not contasti- was no evidence, either, ous, but they are definitely heredi secured by using coloured ilght that the power of the eye to perceivery-or rather Inheritable. The curl- ous thing is that a specifa complaint contrasts of brightness in the pre- is rarely transmitted, only the This is the answer scientists have pence of a dazzling light was en-

general liability to allergic trouble. Elven to the voxed question whether hanced if similar colour Alters were

If both parents.are sensitive It is a coloured head-light is worth while, placed over the dazzling Hght and

an even chance that their children It la given in a report issued re- over the light #luminuting the eb-

will show signs of allergic disorders before they are ten years old. If cently by the Department of Scienti- jects viewed.

only one parent is sensitive, the like- fle and Industrial Research.

food that the children will inherit the trait is much reduced and the, oge of onset in retarded.

On the other hand; there was the evidence of one invostigator. that in "Many thousands of motorists," clear weather the range of visibility Mr. C. C. Paterson. Chairman of of an object was increased about six the Department's. Illuminallon Ro- per cent, by the usa-of a yellow fl- search Committee, writes in a pre- ter: This goin was observed at fatory note, "use headlights giving rangen of about 900 feet. At the coloured light, because they believe Aborier distances at which the mo- that coloured fight is boller" that 'farkt 'was inore concerned to see white light of the sama, power for, objects,;the advantage of the yellow. driving at night or in fog.

-filler, in any case small, wan less. :

Allergy may also develop spon“ taneously in an individual.

Thero arovmany cases of allergia hay fever and asthma in which the parents of the sufferer: are non-nilergic in all respects, as far as can be ascertained, While it is. not possible, to classify

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114

|18 |19|

na

24

农药 20

120

CROSSWORDS

141

123

26

127

31

132

33

ACROSS

2 Insures differently early in the

day.

Its one object may be to give

sauce.

0 One of the strings.

10 Implicate.

11 A bit of a talk with a foreign

animal.

12 Melba's name.

13 When rice pursues her, you know the bride's full name.

14 Docs the careful diet include

this alice?

18 Has a quick ending.

17 There are some things you wouldn't think of doing for phc. 18 Dish, ,21 Sphere.

22 You are sure to find an hotel

In this Irish, place.

24 This score is eighty.

25 Girl's name.

20 Book of the Bible.

20 Blemish and -sailor often

brought

meeting of both often 31 m home from the East,

puzzles a poor fellow.

32 Reception at a poultry show? 33 A style of furniture.

34 Inevitable in conversation, 33 None too good on the pins.

DOWN

1 Book of the Bible; * ̈*. 2 Necessary when aldes split?

7

3 A Welshman ascends in church. 4 Complaint..

5 Turned out, but not ejected.

A German town,

7 No rude. 'Scot is out of the

forces.

15 Their (hyphen, 5 and 5).

19 The total's only 10, and the other nine don't seem to have distinguished themselves

words, 3 and 5).

| 20 Mess (hyphen, 4 and 4).

(two

23 An eleven would scarcely defna this as survive, although neng 我

20 As much as one could desire.

27 In this head, there's something,

odd. 30 Altered diet.

Yesterday's Solution BUOBERE

WREATHEL UNIT

O ULLET-BUBJEO # 8 0 21 SELEAR BEFORE EYEBROW! I NECEFADENA BE P_LUKISHE PUMPKT) E BOD NERARTHAN DEMENTED ENROBE OMANDURVÄNSTE IL PERVERSE STIFLE

TIRREINSHLA M1HERE SELE AVET @ CODE TREES NET

all allergic individuals. In a single Allergic persons are to be found group, they are, on the whole, the mainly in the white-collar section of inore sensitive people in the general the population, and particularly of the word. They respond among professional men of the cred- more quickly to sense, stimuli. than ¦ tive and administrativa type, non-allergic individuals,

·E. IL Townsend)

iense

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