1937-10-20 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1937.

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WEDNESDAY, OCTONER 29, 1937.

THE KEY TO MONGOLIA

News of the movement” of Soviet troops towards the bor- ders of Outer

is Mongolia significant only if the delicate political situation in that part of the world is understood in degree. If, ne reports some

esc

SPIES IN THE

FACTORIES

ELAVE just come from Washington, where I have been listening to sensational revelations of methods used by

to American employers amash the growing trade union movement in the United States. Elghtly milliện dollars a year, I discovered, was being paid out to private detective agencies for industrial espionage. A spy in every union branch. A mini- mum estimate of forty thousand throughout the country.

How do these sples do their dirty work?

The technique was made plain through scores of stories told in evidence to a Committee of the Benate, popularly known as the La Folletto Chyll Liberties Committee, and also at other official investigations.

Here are just a fow.

For ten years Richard Franken- steen had been a trimmer in the. Dodge plant of the Chrysler Cor- poration in Detroit. Fronkensteen was popular with his mates, and they elected him as their repro- sentative in the company union.

It was not long before be the elected representative of the other divisions found that the company union was not satisfac- tory. They decided to get together and form a real union of their own. Fourteen locals of the Automo- tive Industrial Workers' Associa- tion wore organised in the Dodge plant, and Richard Frankensteen was elected president.

He was a hard working presi- dent. He attended the meetings of the fourteen locals and made speeches to the members. One

bers of the paint shop local, Frank- ensteen was driven home in the car of the vice-president of the local, John Andrews,

from Tokyo suggest, the Japal night, after a speech to the mem-

are also hurrying fighting fortes towards the southern border of Outér Mongolia, there is some cause for apprehensive- ness in Japanese and Russian capitals, for the rivalry of these two powers for influence among the Mongols may well be approaching a crisis which will lead to a clash of arms,

There has long been a three- cornered contest for. Outer Mongolia's sympathy and sup port.China has for centuries laid claim to sovereignty there;

& Co., Ltd. Russia has established herself

Chater Road

PARACHUTE ASSASSIN!

TODAY'S NEWEST ARCH FIEND

REPORTED MISSING!

WILLIAM GARGAN - JEÁN ROGERS · DICK PURCELL - HOBART CAVANAUGH MICHAEL FITZMAURICE

Barson May by Jeremy Chadorar ant Jotash Fieldi

Directed by Milton Correll”****]

A HEW UNIVERSAL PICTURE

SHOWING TO-MORROW

at tho

ALHAMBRA

strongly by assisting in the creation of a revolutionary Mon- golian People's Republic, though

this state is not part of the Soviet Union; and Japan has baited a hook for Mongol sup- port in Hsingan (a province of "Manchukuo") by creating an autonomous region of Mongols, the implication being that au- tonomy for Outer Mongolia would result if that area threw off the Russian yoke and be- came allied to Japan.

This was the beginning of a warm friendship. Andrews became Frankensteen's most trusted com- *panion.

He was a strong trade unionist; - he harangued the men for hours and gave them courage to go out on strike when conditions grew too bad: he was the leader on the picket line; he drove Frankensteen around in his car to union meet- Ings at any and all hours.

-Both-men-were married and had two children. The families, living

another, were very friendly. Five nights a week and all day Sunday the two men rode around together, busy with their union work.

within a stone's throw of one

But every Saturday night, they set aside for fun-a Joint good time, when the two wives, with their husbands, met for a meal and the cinema.

In the summer of 1935, when the plant was shut down for a few weeks, the two familfes went to Lake Orion for a vacation. They took a house together and shared expenses.

The Andrews and the Franken-

by Leo Huberman

stečna*wers frm, fast friends for the two years following that night in 1934 when John Andrews fiyat, shook hands Withi Richard Frankensteen, after his speech at the meeting of the paint local.

Yet every day for the whole period of their friendship John Andrews wrote a detailed report. of

the

of his pal, Richard activities . Frankensteenm

Ho

John Andrews was a spy, sent his reports to the office of the Corporation Auxiliary Co., a pri- valo dotective agency hired by Chrysler's.

Both the heads of the detective agencies and the officials of many firms admitted on the witness. stand that what was happening to Frankensteer was happening to thousands of workers all over the United States.

The John Andrewses were at- tending ualon meetings, either us ordinary members or officials, and writing reports of union member- ship and activities.

Hero la ond auch report given in evidence:*

"Tuesday, March 10, 1035. * "At headquarters of the Rubber Workers Industrial Union . Charles Doyle. 3. J. Kissell, Angello Bustini, and several other members were heard to say that a meeting of the em-. ployees of the UB, Rubber Reclaiming Co. was held secretly at Liberty Hall, Jefferson and Bristol Eta, last evening. which was well attended and thres members enrolled.

It was learned that B. Brewer, Earl Bricks. Jolm Jackson, Willard Duns- more and Herbert Zmanski, all em- ployees of the U.A. Rubber Reclaiming Co., have agreed to serve on the organ- isation comimlitre."

If the usual practice was fol- lowed in this caso the men whose names appeared on this report of a Pinkerton detective would shortly be discharged for daring to join

sunion.

It i now known that practically every union meeting is covered" by a hired spy. The secretary of a union testined that, having lost his minutes of a union meeting, ho went to detective agency which cheerfully supplied him with

.

An even more detailed account of the proceedings than he had himself noted originally!

The hearings proceeded. with each day bringing more startling disclosures.

The commiiice was, not sur- prised to hear that an agency had taken a dummy office in the build- ing occupied by the United Auto- mobile Workers. in Detroit, and had tapped the telephone lines of the union and its president. That might have been expected.

But the committee was amazed to learn that Edward McGrady,

THE

report to a box number in another dby.. He is paid $15 in cash in advance for the first week and he algas a receipt.. All is well.

But not for long. Another wook or · two goes by and then the stranger calls. again and suggests that ho's slipping -his work isn't as good as it should. bo, "We want more of what the men are talking about, any complaints they have, any union activity, ota?"

At this point Mr. Williams may become suspicious and baulk at the idea. He may then be persuaded that clearly he would be doing no wrong if he wrote his reports as suggested because all that the stockholders. aro interested in is tracking down the Communists, agitators, and troublemakerą.

An illustration of what it all

leads to.

the United States Assistant Becre- tary of Labour, while attempting to settle a strike in the Chevrolet plant at Toledo, was shadowed by Pinkerton's. They trailed wherever he went, and even planted two operatives in the hotel room next his!

haley

+

So he continues, making his re- ports "better," as suggested. The extra money comes in handy all this while so that when he finally realises that he has become a paid stool-pigeon it's hard for him to BIVO

It up. He is 'hooked." If, however, he realisen earlier that there is something shady about the whole business and de- cides to quit, he may be gently reminded that he has been receiv-

ing

money for spying, and what would his fellow workers think of him when they are shown his algned receipts?

A strong man faced with this possibility decides to come elcan anyway, tell his fellow workers tie. has been framed, and see what happens.

A weak man is frightened-and remains "hooked." He works in the plant as bofore, draws his usual Wares as a workman, and writes daily spy reports on the activities. of his friends in the factory,

The record of the La Folletto committee hearings is studded with cases of auch "hooking” of innocent men.

One of the most pitiful in- stances of the terrible harm done by hooking is the case of the young man who never could get over the feeling that he had betrayed his fellow workers..

Even after. making a clean breast of his spying activities, even after being absolved of all blame by the union heads, he was" so overcome with remorse and shame that if by chance he saw

the

The devastating edect of spy activities may be gauged from the instance of the Flint local, whose membership of 26,000 in 1935, was

Bign to 122 in 1930, brought down wrecked by union officials who had been "hooked.**

What does it mean to be hooked? Hooking is the technical term for the conversion by an agency opera- tive of an honest workman into a apy.

Mr. Williams, a worker, comes home some night to And ů stranger in his house waiting for him. The stranger, an affable, courteous fellow. says he repro- nents

a group of the stockholders who are interested in finding out whether the plant is being run 48 emelently as possible, whether the management is, fair to the men,

etc.

Would Mr. Williams be interested in supplying this information, which would be of great use to the stockholders and would harm no-

body? Of course, the stockholders 'would pay him for his trouble- say is a week for writing a daily report.

Mr. Williams, unsuspecting and In need of the money, agrees. He understands that secrecy will be necessary because

stock- the holders do not want to act upon their findings until they have col- lected all the facts.

So he consents to write a daily.

Northern Spy" apples ini a shop window, he would break out into a cold swent, and his heart would pound like a trip hammer.

Not all employers hire private detective agencies to do their

ing. Many companies, havo their own organization, Tho 'service men" of the Ford Company are notorious.

Testimony was given that they were in tho habit of looking through the employees' Junch- boxes and clothes in the lockers to find trade union literature.

The Ford Company, it was charged, even took a film of a demonstration of automoble em- ployees, and discharged those who were recognised as Ford workers.

These aro but a four of the

obstacles put in the way of Ameri- can workers in their attempts to organise trade unions. Thoy are truly formidable obstacles, but they are being overcome. Aneri- can Labour is on the march and cannot be stopped.

------To-day's Thought

SPIES are vultures feeding

on living men.

-RICHARD TRUESHAW..

HOLOCAUST

BOOKS

a par

By LEWIS SPENCE

ì

OF

The Japanese offer is, attrac- tive to Mongols, for they have fought for their freedom for uncounted years, ever since the fluence in Outer Mongolia? troops of Imperial Peking | Probably for the same reasons where опсе they ruled as Japan, and also because marched into their domain. Outer. Mongolia, holds fourth They have rebelled against the place on the list of Russia's for- Chinese "colonisation" system eign markets. Why does China, and have finally freed them- want Outer Mongolin? Because selves of this obnoxious move-it offers her opportunities in que position of the book publishing

These gentlemen are apt to regard ment. Nor are the conserva- colonisation, markets, rich neu- industry at the present time

every book launched by their more tives satisfied with the Russian tral resources, to mention three must appear to many of those inter-

experienced publishing pariners as t idea of "revolutionary" govern-important reasons.

ested in its destinies as much

gamble, a throw of the dice. If it with thint of the peace of Europe. The

does not immediately "register" a ment, preferring their own an-

quite recent and unexpected closure It is true that many Mongols of the greatest circulating library in

public hit, it is simply put on the top cient system. Japan has won

shelf for the next two years, al which the loyalty of Prínco Teh, pro-want to break away from Rus- Briinin reveals tint all is not well in

time, by usual agreement with the gressive Inner Mongolian leader, sia for political reasons, if for the Republic of Letters, so far i make an Instant public appeal, it is author, it can be "remaindered that less. who has played for terms be nothing else. It is also true cast as its executive side is concern-nimest at once, devoted to the scrap Is, disposed of at half-price or

d. tween China and Japan and has that they want to be free of

The Author's Meagro Share Books to-day pour from the presses heap, no matter how valuable nally thrown his influence to Chinese control, which has like water over the rocks of a High-worthy it may be.

What are the reasons for this truly But besides his Philistine business, the side of the latter, whose threatened to strangle their in-land cascade, and in much the same

manner disappear from public ken wretelied state of affairs? The public supporters the genuine publisher promises appear to have been dividuality. Japan appears to to be caught up in the great swirl has a right to know.

and there are many-is handicapped torrent of the literary main numerous and satisfying. China hold the best cards in this and

by other equally serious conditions. The heavy cost of printing compels attempted to counteract the game, but the Mongols them-stream. Here and there a more exo- Out for Quick Profits Only

tie "Jacke!" may gleam for a moment

him to charge a much higlice price Japanese intrigue among the scives have the high trump on the crest of a wave before it dls- We all realise now that one of the for books of a class other flian fle-*

The majority Mongol leaders by creating an They are in a position to bar appears. But the mass pressure from main causes of the virtual collapse tion than ever before. autonomous state in Suiyuan, gain, and they should get good behind shortly draws it into the of the theatre was the appearance of such booies are priced at from but the only result is been to terms, They may, by becoming undertow, where good, bad, and in- lts high places of that hectic type 10s. dd. to £1 1s, and so far as I am weaken the Chinese position in a willing, independent, buffer different are alike driven along to the of commercial plunger who nees in able to estimate, the average pur- any and every "manifestation of orf chasing public for most of them is sea of oblivion. that

a possible means of from 300 to 2,000, a figure which '* area and give Japan, state, attain to the position of

Owing to the feverish spirit which or to only through her Mongol allies, afkeepers of the peace in the Far Inspires modern publishing, it is be speedy personal enrichment. Weil makes their production a gamble in stronger foothold against Rus-East. It is remotely possible coming almost a diurnal affair; its something of the same kind has hop- very carest.

to pubilahing. The old- By the time the printer receives sin. It is the fact that Japan that with Outer Mongolian ephemera na those of the daily Press, fashioned publisher was certainly about one-third of the production is treating the Mongols as allics autonomy soundly established Owing to the new alapdosh methods out to make a tidy profit it he could, costs of a book of this sort, or rather the authorship of last century-more, and the book-seller another that has probably won her most Japan would be content to retire prevalling, hundreds of worthy and after unjustly-reviled him

as a third, not very much is left to be friends among them.

from the perilous adventure on useful books are annusly devoted to shock for so dosher nearly al- the author. Indeed, I am aware that

doing.

divided between the publisher and Why does Japan want in the mainland, contenting her destruction. If a volume does not But the old

ways had the Interests of pro-for this class book-the-average fluence in or independence for self with present conquests, for Outer Mongolia?o check the Mongolin, nearly as big na bring Russia into action to pre-fession at heart: he was a sticider for gains of the writer ans frou or go Chimn itself, should be adequate vent the creation of a second quality, and he knew his business. 200. When one considers the amount spread of Russlon westward, and to put as much insulation against the Soviet Manchukuo" in Mongolia and The modern publisher has many ex- of toil and experience and ability ceffent qualities, but in far too many which have to be lavished on the noutral territory as possible proper or the Sovietised pro-the setting up of a new puppet casts he is merely the instrument of making of a book, dealing with

regime at Urge. Such a de-a small circle, of ng-literary port-literary ΟΥ historical theme, the between her own possessions vince of Sinking...

velopment would be distinctly ners, who know little or nothing of hardahip to, the author apparent. and the Red Bear for fairly There is always the danger, advantageous for China. The the business, who are out for quick I am not here so much concerned obvious

that department: reasons. Why does of course, that a definito swing Mongola once again are in a for literary standards as the makers only the

profis only, and who care so much with fiction. In

most popular authore Russia want to retain her in- of the Mongols to Japan will position to make history.

of cinema dialogue!

(Continued on Page 4.)

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