1937-03-24 — Page 3

Two Men

Drama

WE SHAVE WHEN VICTORY! IS OURS:

During the American strikes many strikers vowed they would not shave until they have won!

League Of Nations Is Dead

Genova, Mar. 10.

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 24, 1937.

Who Rule World's Richest Market: Behind The Boom in Diamonds

TWO

£8,000,000, IN FOUR

HANDS

By ANDREW KIDD

men sitting in a room in London control the most powerful monopoly

in the world-the diamond market.

Recently I heard the romantic story of the Diamond Corporation and why diamond shares are in strong demand just now on the Stock Exchange.

I heard how diamonds are in greater de- mand than ever before, how, fortunes are being made by the industry "kings.'

Handling Eight Millions

Here are the men who between them super- vise the marketing of over, eight million pounds worth of diamonds:

Round-faced, quiet Sir Ernest Uppenhei- mer, a South African, former owner of the famous Jonker diamond. A "chain" reader of library books.

Millionaire Mr. Jack Barnato Joel, aged 74, racehorse owner, nephew of

famous South

the

African pioneer. Barney Barnato. It is the business of these

two magnates and their associates of the

The League of Nations vir-Dumond Corporation to maintain tually is dead as an international the price of diamonds, of which they control 95 per cent. of the world's for the

output. political instrument preservation of world peace and the status quo. ·

The great dream of a permanently stable world, as conceived by Wood-

Through crises, revolutions, and wars the dininond remains, by their organisation, reiluble easily-con- vertible security.

row Wilson, hus been dissipated by Output Controlled

the brutal realism of world political and territorial development,

The league, as an instrument to prevent war and the seizure of terri story from weak nations by stronger

dnes, has failed, -

Diplomats made these admissions as they took stock of the league's position and the end of a day making- inal Paraguay's withdrawal from Geneva's councils,

The Bttle South American republic is one of clght nations to leave the lengue.

Optimists, comparing the league's Arm principles with those of the Roman catholic church, predicted that it will live us a potent Inter- national factor despite its past fai- tures. All agreed that, although the Im- Jeague has become politically potent, it will survive as a clearing- house of economic, cultural and sont- tary Information.

served Seven

countries bave official notice of their Intention to quit the league during the 17 years of its history-Brazil, Guatemala, duras, Nicaragua, Japan, Germany and Paraguay. Italy walked out without giving official notice and may return if she wishes. The resigna- and tions of Brazil,

effective

Hon-

have become Poraguay

withdrew

rew because the Paraguay league applied an arms embargo to t after it refused to accept Geneva's in its dispute with proposal in редсе

the Chaco Bolivia over

question. Looking over the league's record of

and

.successes

counted the follow/res, stutesmen

Four years ago the league assembly condemned Japan's seizure of Man- churia, But speech-making in Geneva did not halt the relentless drive of Nipponese soldiers over the plains of China's "three castern

Then, in 1932, the conference was convoked. It failed to satisfy Germany's clolm for re- armament and the conflicting umbi- tions of the "ins" and outs" in Europe, and so ended in 201

the

in failure. Later, Germany rearmed despite the Versailles treaty, of which lengue is the official guardian, re- militarized the Rhineland and de. clared its sovereignty over inter- nationalized rivers. Geneva passed resolutions but did nothing else.

The Icague's next. reversal came over the Chaco dispute. For the first time, Geneva tried to use strong mea- sures against the two little South American countries.

It

applied.

an embargo on both na- tions. Then, when Bolivia accepted Geneva's peace proposal and Pora- guay did not, the embargo was left to apply to Paraguay alone, which caused its resignation.

Before the league's next failure, several minor successes occurred when King Alexadria of Yugoslavia accused Hungary of inspiring the crime. War became an imminent possibility. But the league quickly settled the dispute.

At the same time a dangerous dis- pute arose between Germany and France over the Sour plebiscite which was to determine to which country. the rich mining basin would belong. The league dispelled the danger of war by sending an international army to see that the vote was just. The territory returned peacefully to Germany.

Then came the League's biggest test the Italian invasion of Ethiopia. A boycott on war supplies was laid down on Italy, but this did not pre- vent it from taking Ethiopia.

'in

With its prestige at the lowest ebb

history, the league

refrained from mixing in the Spanish civil war.

Despite these fallures there are those, especially permanent lengua officials, who believe that the Geneva. body's present ill health is merely temporary and that it will emerge again as a strong guardian of peace. United Press;

Thrones may fall, currencles may collapse, but the diamond will always stand firm.

Lie

TC-

The Corporation controls output, according to market quirements. It is Impossible to flood the market, with subsequent falls in prices.

I{"is estimated that the total dumond wealth of the human race to-day is in the region of four billion pounds.

All the diamonds in the world could

be placed in a box 12 feet square. The largest individual cof- icctions of diamonds are owned by Indian princes,

Aihe Dumond Corporation's large offices the rough stones from the mines are carefully graded and priced.

No Price Bargaining

igere Is

DK

Diamond brokers, acting for customers in all parts of the world, especially the diamond-culting and pollshing firms of Antwerp and Amsterdam, go to the offices of the Diamond Corporation and have a

of the stones.

argument no haggling about the prices. The prices rake it or leave 11." already fixed. The brokers can Diamonds, which

which chemically are pure carbon, will always be prized ng they have by women for jewellery, as been for centuries. Improving trade and the demand for the "King of Stones" for Coronation Year adorn- ment has led to increased buying.

is

In the industrial field the demand for dinmonda has almost doubled in the last few years, The factory the

the discolored big outlet for diamond or the diamond of inferior quality.

Diamonds, being the hardest sub- stance in the world, are used for glass and metal cutting, engraving, the drawing of wire and electric lamp flaments, for drilling, boring and. sawing through rock, in the optical Industry, and for all works of engineering precision.

STONE AGE LAND OF GOLD

•

A corner of the world rich in gold which was formerly German and is wanted back by Herr Hitler, and where natives still use stone axes, was described on his return to Lon- don by Mr. A. J. Mursholl, a 23-year- Fold one-armed Australian explorer, "News Chronicle" special re- writes a presentative.

He left London a year ago to ex- plore the unknown Interior of New Guines, and met a remarkable race of savages.

This is the last stronghold of the Stone

said Mr.

·Age on earth,” Marshall.

"Half New Guinea belongs to the Dutch, a quarter is Australian Papua, and the remaining quarter of the ter- rllory I visited was formerly German New Guinen; now it la mondated to Australia,

"The 82,000 square miles of jungle are valuable since the Australians opened up the rich goldßelds in the Interior."

New Everest Attempt Next Year

Bombay, Mar. 5. Permission for a new expedition to attempt the conquest of Mount Everest next year has been granted by the Tibetan Government.

Wrapped in a white silk scarf, the document wei handed, according to nows which has just reached hore by! letter to a British goodwill mission Ain Linsa at a New Year party.

Gas-masks are in vogue now in England. At a re- cent tea-party in the Wimbledon Town Hall, the guests

out ten to some of her guests.

INCOME

TAX FOR KENYA

PRECEDENT FOR COLONIES

Nairobi, Mar. 5. ETAILS of the pro-

Djected income tax law

for Kenva were published in the official gazette to-day.

The rate on the first £700 of income is 18. in the pound. For the next £500, 18. 6d.; for the next £1,500, 291; and for the re- mainder 2s. 6d. in the pound.

The rate for companies is the same na the rate for individuals except that the maximum rate is 29. on charge- able profits exceeding £1,200,

Shipping companies, banks insur- ance companies, and other similar. concerns are also

also chargeable. Allowances include allowance of

personal

wore gas-masks, The picture shows the hostess pouring | £150 for £350 for residents, and

AIR MAIL

TO U.S.

TWICE WEEKLY

NOVEMBER

IN

New York, Mar. 10. TWICE-WEEKLY round-trip air mail service between the United States and Britain will begin on Nov. 1 with a £150,000 subsidy from the United States Government if Congress follows the House of Representa- tives Appropriations Committee's recommendation to-day.

are

Imperial Airways scheduled to begin a similar

ISLAND WAS twice-weekly air mail ser-

SHELLED

BY MISTAKE

Paris. Mar. 1.

EN Ave-inch shells fired by ships

of the French Mediterrancan quadron while on manoeuvres yes- terday fell on the island of Por- 'querolics, near Hycres. Nine buried themselves in the soft, sandy soil, -failed-to -- explode.........

The tenth blew up, but did not harm a group of children a few yards away.

vice at the same time, said Colonel Edgar Gorrell, pre- sident of the Air Transport| Association.

He testified that a 421⁄2-lon plane is under construction to carry 60 passengers, and that in five years planes weighing, 125

150 tons and carrying passengers will be used.

the

non-residents.

There in a further allowance of £150 for a wife; £75 for the first child.

and £80 for other children up Įta maximum of £205. The maximum allowance for dependants is £100.

મમ

Special allowances are provided for farmers with a view to encouraging the development of agriculture.→→ Reuter.

The proposal to introduce income tax into Kenya aroused bitter opposi- tion among European residents. A compromise was eventually reached between the European elected mem- of the Legislature and the Colonial Secretary under which the principle of the tax accepted, оп the basis of that Lin Rhodesia, to produce annu-

was

ally £43,000 instend of the £83,000 originally proposed.

BIGGER GUNS FOR NEW BATTLESHIPS

CALIBRE DEPENDS ON JAPAN

TREATY LIMIT OF 14in.. NOT YET ACCEPTED

By HECTOR C. BYWATER In spite of an omelal statement that The northern.route via Newfound the new British battleships will mount land, 3,500 miles long, will be in usein guns, it is far from certain that during half the year, and the his will be the armament or

all the southern route, via Charleston, Ber-five vessels new building or projected.

The first muda and the Azores, during

two, the King George V. other six months.

and the Prince of Wales, were design- Negotiations with the British, he led to carry 14in guns, and could not sald "ore just about in process of altered to mount heavier weapons being finished up agreeably." Cost Moreover, the 14in guns and mount- without involving frent delay. of mailing telters by Transatlantic

already air post will be 10d. to is, each half-lags for these ships are

under production.

But the armament of the three [Biggest planes at present in use

vesseis included in the new programme on Imperial Airways routes HAN

18-ionners. The British Air Minis- may consist of heavier guns.

The limit of 14in calibre imposed try has a 35-ton flying boat for ex-by last year's Naval Treaty becomes perimental purposey.)

The accident, fourth of a series of almftur errors during French Medi- *terranean manoeuvren In the last few months, is believed to be the re- sult of a mistake by a gunnery offl cer.

Vice-Admiral Abrial, commander of the Mediterranean Fleet, brdered an inquiry.

Chick previous incident was the accidental shelling of the Riviera resort of St. Maxime in July by the submarine Atalante.

DEMOCRACIES

AND THEIR ARMS

An Italian Critic COMPARISON OF ESTIMATES

Rome, Mar. 10. Signor Gayda, in the Giornale d'Italia to-night, critlelses the arma- ment programmes of England, Amer. len, and France as a symbol of armed democracy, against presumably the peaceful behaviour of Fascism.. For the peace of the world evidently it is only the olive branch of the Fas- cist States which may rise from a forest of bayonets.

ounce.

Duellist's Choice-

ure

A Cannon

Budapest, Mar. 15.

joperativo only if it is accepted by all the Powers. Japan, however, still withholds her acceptance, and has only six weeks, longer in which to make up her mind,

If by that time she has failed to give

an affirmative answer, the American Navy, it is officially an- nounced, will at once order 16in guns for Its projected battleships. that event the. British Navy might be compelled to follow suit,

SACRIFICE OF SPEED

In

Most naval officers would prefer to keep to the 14in-limit. The new gun

"I am a Christian, and therefore of this calibre is, they consider, of oppose duelling," said Herr Karl sufficient weight and power for all Peyer, the Sociallat leader of Hung-purposes,

ary, when challenged to a duel.

Tis projectile of 1,5601b will perforate

"But if I must fight, I demand the practically any thickness of armour at use of artillery, because this is the ordinary fighting ranges, and the gun only weapon about which I know itself weighs 23 tone less than the 16in ploce of 103 tons. The rate of fire anything."

ls appreciably higher with the 14in

Duke of Windsor

And Mrs. Simpson

The latest rumour about the plans of the Duke of Windsor and Mrs. Simpson are:

Montreal, Mar. 1

weapon.

As our now battleships are restric- ted to 35,000 tons, the weight of armament is 3 factor of prime The heavier the arma- importance. ment the less mangin will be left for armour protection and machinery, A battleship of this size mounting nine 16in guns must elther sacrifice ad- equate protection or be restricted to a speed of at most 23 knots.

Estimates for Italy's war prepared- ness, however, reveal that Italy in- tends to continue girding itself against Duke of Windsor, it is believed there would be a saving in weight of

all possibilities.

In the following table Italian estim- ates for the financial year are com- pared with British estimates, fire be- ing translated into pounds at 93,

ITALY,

Lite.

་

BRITAIN 『འ

Total exti

mates 3,040,457,964 40,650,055 217,000,000 An Increase

over last

YORY.

of

Navy

727,014,500 1.828,811 89,000,000 ... 1,857,891,000 10,977,372 $10,000,000 $20,000,000

An inerekse

over last

vlalted him

at

If nine 14in. guns were mounted here, will, after his marriage to 65 to 70 per cent. This could be ap- Mrs. Simpson bring her to spend a hollday on his Canadian ranch. It plied to improving the protection and

speed, has hitherta been understood that the Du

Duke had sold his ranch to Mr. -MILE RANGE OF HEAVY GUNS This marked difference in weight Lincoln Ellsworth, the United States] is tue less to the. guns than their

who explorer,

mountings, which become dispropor Buckingham Palace on the Arst day, Honately heavier as calibre incenses. of the abdication 'erlais,

The total weight of nine 10in gums on But I am informed by Professor triple mounting is over 7,000 tons, Cariyie, the manager of the Duke's while that of nine 14in on similar ranch, that he is unaware of any mountings would be about 4.300 tons. "decision, or hegotiations, to sell the The following table shows the three ranch, or any part of it. Last year types of heavy guns in our capital rich deposits of all were found under ships built and building:

year of 248,000,000 1,668,106 +80,000,000 | part of the ranch. Ale Force 1,270,000,000 18,055.918, 60,000,000 An increase over 'just

year of 270,610,600 0.005,564

Of this figure.

due for mitt» *

lary moro

maulies to 216,200,000. 2,313,976 War- Ministry

budget estf

ma1495,512.566,304 2

An Increase t

Muzzle

Weight Projectile velocity

tons, gb, di per sec, Calibre.

10in 1039,40172,963

1,020 2,450 15 974 14in 80 1,060 2,475

Vienna, Mar. 1. 3.800,000 MRS. SIMPSON is reported to have

purchased a villa near Gaeta,|- in Italy, Gaeta is an ancient fort!- ned town lying in a magnificent bay, With modern mountings thero is "with" "fine sands" for bathing, on the little to choose between the effective. boast road between Rome and Naples, ness of these three types, 'all-of The district is extremely rich in anti-) which shoot accurately at : rangos quities and historical associations. exceeding nine milca.

27,010,688. 67,000,000 200,000,000 2,160,037.8,000,000.

How

'Single' Whiskies

get married

"Here in Scotland," anid Johnnie Walker, "we don't marry the 'single' or separate whiskies until they have

matured for long years in the wood and are old enough to be blended as Johnnie Walker. The Blender then has a large number of fully matured whiskies at his disposal, and from these he achieves that blend of perfect harmony which is Johnnie Walker.

"Every time you drink Johnnie Walker you realise how happy the marriage has been, and so you will always ask for Johnnie Walker by name."?

JOHNNIE WALKER

Born 1820-still going strong

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