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Supreme Court

Hongkong Telegraph.

FOUNDED 1981

五拜禮 五月三英港香

FRIDAY,

MARCH

1937.

日三廿月正

No. 16148

U. S.

FACING GRAVEST OF ALL CRISES

ROOSEVELT APPEALS FOR SUPPORT IN COURT BATTLE

Washington, Mar. 4.

The United States to-day is facing a crisis funda- mentally even more grave than that of four years ago, declared President F. D. Roosevelt, replying to critics of his judicial reform proposals, in a speech at the ""Victory Dinner" of the Democratic Party to-night.

The success of democracy in the United States was endangered, he said, by the failure of the Supreme Court to pull together "in the three-horse team of the American system of Government."

The President maintained that the Supreme Court had created "a no-man's-land of final futility." He defied anyone to read the Supreme Court's decisions invalidating the New Deal laws and then say exactly what, if anything, they could do at this session of Congress for the agricul- tural and industrial workers, to control the flood and drought situations and generate cheap power with any reasonable certainty that what they did would not be nullified as unconstitutional,

President Roosevelt urged that they should remove these doubts and difficulties,

"Floods, droughts, agricultural surpluses, strikes and industrial con- fusion and disorder cunnot be handled for ever on the catch-as-enich-can basis of the past. It we would make democracy succeed

must we

act now," the President maintained.

Washington, Mar. 4.

LABOUR RETAINS MAJORITY

At the "Victory Dinner of the IN LONDON COUNTY

Democratic Party to-night, President F. D. Roosevelt took the unti-Supreme Court fight to the country. In a sharply worded appeal for agricul-

he warn

ture's and labour's suppornjority

ed that the Supreme decisions made it impossible for the Administration to aid farmers and workers, and imperilled the Ten- nessee Valley power project and the social security programmes,

COUNCIL FIGHT

SINGLE COPY 14 CENTS

$34.00 PER ANNUM

DUNLOP

TYRES

make every road

a SAFER road

TO FRANC SLUMPS

BRITAIN URGED

SPEED ARMAMENTS

ASKS NATION TO

CHURCHILL ASKS

MATCH GERMAN AIR POWER

London, Mar. 4.

A qualified blessing was given the Government's rearmament policy by Mr. Winston Churchill, long an advocate of stronger British defence forces, at the resumed debate in the House of Commons to-day, when the Defence Bill was up for third reading. He declared that the fact that the Government was pursuing a five-year plan on this scale, the evidence of the country's great financial strength, the general acceptance of the policy by all parties, the welcome it had received, particularly in the small countries, "all give the Dominions and foreign countries advantages for walking in step with us."

"We have now got a foreign policy based on the League of Nations Covenant and upon special agreements with France, which is what the great mass of the nation desires.

"If we resolutely pursue our defence programme for four or five years we are likely to be in a far safer and more agrecable position than at time since German re- armament began in earnest," Mr. Churchill declared.

But they had not heard the Air Estimates, he warned; which were most important of all. He hoped that large supplementary estimates were to come, and he would be reassured if, proceeding on the present lines, more than £60,000,000 or £70,000,000 were required by loan in the coming year. Where Are The Guns?

Mr. Churchill regretted the absence of a quantitative statement in the snatter of rearmament, or fixed dates as progress points.

Germany, he asserted, has 1,500 guns, apart from the cens in post- tlon, low soon, he asked, would Britain have 1,508 good, modera guns, with trained crews and with all necessary equipment?

LAST RESULTS He had the same criticism, to make.

COMING IN

London, March 5,

The Labour Party held its majority in the London County Won't Run Again Council as a result of the elee- President Roosevelt definitely re-tions held yesterday, and whose moved himself from the list of late returns are still coming in, possible candidates for the presidency according to results, so for at the next election. It was his tabulated.

ambition, he said, to give 10 bis successor "a nation which has proved that the democratic form of national government can and will succeed."

He said the fate of the party de- pended on its present course and the solution of the human and industrial problems. "If I have nught to suy, we shall solve those problems," he ndded.

With 94 seats declared out of 124, the position of the parties

is entirely unchanged.

is:

The present state of the parties

Labour

Municipal Reformers

54 40

of the Air Force, which was at pre- sent in arrears, he said.

In no other generation would the House of Commons have been willing to continue in complete ignorance of this vital to the security of the nation, he went on, especially in view of the Governments admission of mi calculation.

Could the Government assaro' die House, he asked that the British Air Force a year hence would be nore nearly a match for the Ger man air fleet than It was to-day, or that the German Army would not then still maintain its superiority over the French?

Naval Superiority

APPROVES NEW DEFENCE LOAN.

Mr. Ghurch said that he thought MR. WINSTON CHURCHILL Labour gained two seats at Stoke- they could rely upon the superiority

Newington, but the Municipal Re- of the future British Navy in Europe,

The foremost of these problems, he formers captured two at West Wool- as long as the right feeling towards suid, needing immediate attention, wich. Earl Beatty gained a victory the British Empire was not with- was that of providing the economic at Peckham, for the Municipal Re-drawn by the United States. freedom of the wage-carner, farmer formers, but Labour evened matters

The Anglo-Frerich understanding,

unprovoked aggression.

Pooling was for heavier this year than in 1934.

and small business-man. He asserted by a win at Central Wandsworth. In he continued, undoubtedly amounted the Administration was still fighting the other divisions the representation to-day to a defensive alliance against to keep its promises, "but I defy any is unchanged. one to read the majority opinion of the Supreme Court invalidating the N.R.A. and tell us with any reason- ablo certainty what we can do at the present Congress that will not nullified."

be

Making Sincere Report President Roosevelt asserted the Administration had "made a gallant and sincere effort to raise wages and reduce the hours of labour, abolish child labour and eliminate unfair trade... You know who assumed the power of veto, and did veto the pro- gramme." In quick succession, ho declared, the Supreme Court killed reform after reform in the N.R.A. programme.

He feared, he said, for the fate of the Tennessee Valley project, which proposed to give cheap power to thousands, as well as protect forms from droughts, and. floods, The Supreme Court might upset the Gov- ernment's work in this direction, he zaid.

he

· "Anglo-French friendship," Fascists challenged Labour at maintained, "is one of the greatest! Shoreditch but were not successful. guarantees of the continuance of Thirty results still remain to be peace, or, at the very worst, our joint declared.

survival."

The parties' standing in the last Council was: Labour 09. Muncipal

Reformers 55.

Mr. Herbert Morrison, Labour the new Council-Reuter, leader, predicts a Labour majority in

French Navy

Personnel

Increased

Paris, Mar. 4. The French Navy's effectives are to be Increased.

The number of naval officers' will Assails Defeatista''

be raised from 2,112 to 2,340 and the number of engineer officers from 418 The President repentedly assalled to 516, not including Reserve officers "defeatist lawyers," advising them to on the active list and midshipmen.

try that advice on sweating men

Naval ratings will be increased piling sandbags along the Mississippi from 61,113 to 70,17--Reuter

Special

jevecs,"ag

clearance, cheaper.

A

Bald the language of the Supreme Court's decisions already tors, slum

widespread electricity. rendered, plus "the refusal to obey the law, incited by the "You owe it to yourselves, attitude of the courts, endangers individually, as a party, and as the whole programme of the Admin istration in social reforms, including dificultles," he advised. And he to remove those-doubts and helping the crippled and blind, mothers, unemployed,

necessary. The storm of protest over surance to the aged. It endangered his proposed reforms was the the struggle against monopols and proof that he was knoping his pro culation, the protection of Inver-mises, ho believed. United Press

Jecting the Defence Loan Bill, was The Labour Opposition motion, rés defeated by 241 to 117, and the Bill was given third reading and passed on to the House of Lords-Reuter,

Munitions Works

MADRID

EXPECTS

ATTACK

REBEL BESIEGERS REINFORCED

OVIEDO BEING PUT TO FLAME

JAPANESE TIGHTEN GRIP ON CHARHAR

CHINA ANTICIPATES NEW STRATEGIES

Shanghai, Mar. 5.

· As a further move towards

consolidating the Manchukuoan conquest of Northern Charhar, the Chinese press this morning forecasts the creation of an

Independent Military Affairs Commission, under the aegis of Japan's powerful Kwantung Army. Headquarters of this Commission would be at Chang- pei, it is suggested.

Leading Mongolian and Manchu-. kuoan chieftains, including the fight- ing Prince Teh, will be invited to serve on the Commission, it is under- stood.

The Chinese press adds that 24 Japanese or Manchukuoan aeroplanes are stationed at Changpel and that the aerodrome there is being rapidly enlarged. Reuter.

Sabotage To R.A.F. Plane Disclosed

London, Mar. 4.

A case of what appears to be deliberate damage to a Service aeroplane at a Midland aircraft establishment has been reported to the Air Ministry.

The incident is now being In- vestigated by the secret service. It is understood that the Air Ministry does not consider it to be a serious caso of sabolare.

-Other Incidents are also under Investigation-Reuter.

RETURNS TO POST

ON RUMOUR OF DEVALUATION

British

Official

Intervention

GOVERNMENT DENIES CABINET CHANGES

Paris, Mar. 4.

Havas News Agency announces 'to-day: *"The stabilisation of the franc, if carried out to-morrow, as appears to be generally believed in financial circles, will not be effected below the present parity of the franc."- Reuter.

Paris, Mar. 4.

DEVALUATION RUMOURS Prices on the Bourse substantially improved to-day on rumours of impending Government changes and currency devaluation.

There were reports of the imminent resignation of the Finance Minister, M. Vincent Auriol, and his replace- ment by M. Leon Blum, the Prime Minister. It was also suggested that M. Charles Rist, the financial expert, would replace M. E. Labeyrie, Governor of the Bank of France.

It was suggested that the franc would be devalued from 105 to the pound sterling to 112, lowest legal tender, and that a free market in gold would be reestablished.

SPLENDID SOCIAL ACTIVITY

H.K.. BENEVOLENT SOCIETY PRAISED APPEAL FOR SUPPORT

The impression has been gained, and has grown, that the Government will be bound to adopt positive mea-

Treasury sures to solve the

and economic difficulties, instead of con- tinuing the policy of "walt and see.

When the Bourse closed, 3 Per Cent. Government bonds were 73.75 against 70.95 yesterday, Dank of France shares were 8,475 against 7,000, and Rio Tintos were 3,450 against 3,240- Reuter.

Bears Open Attack

London, Mur. 4. When the Parls banks closed at noon to-day for the mid-Lent holiday, "bear" operators seized the oppor- tunity and Inunched the heaviest drive against French currency seen

time.

for some

Discounts on truncs for forward delivery The importance of bringing home

against sterling slumped their work to the general public's sharply to 1.81 for one month and** attention, was, emphasised by Sir3.37 for three months, compared to William Hornell, who, by invitation, 1.27 and

of 1.27 and 3.03 respectively at the presided over the annual meeting

against spot franes neces- Pressure the Hongkong Benevolent Society held in the Board Room of Jardinesitaed the heavy intervention of the

British Equalisation Fund. Matheson's at noon to-day.

The report and accounts have al- ready been published and they were enlarged upon by Sir Willam in a speech in which he paid tribute to the energetic and

and voluntary activities

of the ladies who run the Society,

Mrs. Hall, In Introducing Sir William, said they were grateful for him finding the tune to preside.

SOCIAL DUTY

Foreign Exchange circles in Lon- don point out that to-day's slump of the franc is not indicative of any new developments, but serves emphasise the seriousness of French financial situation.-Reuter.

to the

No Government Changes

Paris, Mar. 4. It is categorically denied in au- thoritative circles that the Govern- Sir William said: Mrs. President, iment has any intention of modifying Officers and Members of the Comts present composition, either by mittee of the Hongkong Benevolent Including new Ministers or reshum- Society, Ladies and Gentlemen-ing portfolios. It is added that no London, Mar. 4.

The Hongkong Benevolent Society is resignation is contemplated by any Lieutenant Colonel E. T. Crutchley, doing an indispensable social duty. Minister-Reuter. Public Relations Officer in the Post No one would have the audacity to Ofice, who was seconded temporarily question this. lust summer to act as additional as- Hongkong, or many of us, are a little But, we citizens of sistant Under-Secretary the inclined to take

for granted the Offlec.

(Continued on Page 5.)

Madrid, March 5. Military leaders here anticipate a Dominions Office, has now returned voluntary performance by others of large-scale offensive against Madrid duty at the General Post In at any moment, due to the reported British Wireless.

arrival of 18,000 insurgent reinforce- ments.

London, Mar. 4. Fourteen new or converted muni- tions factories in various parts of the country are foreshadowed Ordnance Estimates totalling £10, 104,000, which is an increase of £10,178,000, compared with last year. -Reuter Bulletin Service.

M.C.C. OPENS WEAKLY

PLAYING VICTORIA COUNTRY XI

Benalla, March 5.

Fighting has suddenly shifted from the south to the north side of tho eify, the rebels launching a surprise attack at El Plantio towards the El Pardo woods.

From Gijon comes the report that retreating Nationalists have burned the small arms factory at Oviedo from which they derived the majority of their r

supplies throughout the siege

of that city, which now appears to be almost completely occupied by loyalist militia. They are also burn- ing: fortified buildings in order to

hinder the Government troups' ad- vance. A two-day match between the The attacking forces, meanwhile, Country XI commenced here to-day paratory to attempting further, M.C.C. touring team and a Victorian are consolidating their positions pre Each side is playing twelve anen. advances—United Preiz.

MC.C batted first and at the lunch Interval

was top sporer with 38.9 Shortly after lunch, the visitors lost two further wickets, without addleg

having emphasised trint immediate action was Tamhank scored 180 #for:51)

OVIEDO'S SIEGE

Burgos, Mar. 4. Notwithstanding Berce assaults on the Government forces have "Continued on Page 5.3.

NEUTRAL SUPERVISION

IN SPAIN DELAYED

London, Mar. 4.:

Introduction of the International Non-Intervention Scheme

May Borrow In U.S.

Paris, March 4. Persistent but unconfrmable rum- ours prevail here that France hopes to circumvent the Johnston Act and barrow 6,000,000 to -11,000,000,000, france from the United States..

Meanwhile, the belief has grown that the meeting of the Cabinet on Friday is intended to solve the French economic problems. It is rumoured:

(1) That Mr. Henry Morgenthau has amured M. George' Bonnet, the special Ambassador to Washington, that "the United States is ready to do everything, to aid France;

(3)Thin the Cabinet will con-

is likely to be postponed a fortnight from March 6, the originally arranged date for commencement of supervision on sider devaluating the franc to 13 gold (3) That the Governor of the the Spanish frontiers, as it is now admitted in British circles gold milligrams from 47 milligrams; that it will be impossible for observers of the neutral powers Bank of Branco, M. Charles Rist, will to reach their posts either on the high seas or on the land he appointed Minister of the Budget borders by that date.

or to lead a Commission to manage. the equalisation fund which is be- lieved to be exhausted,

eliminat-

The Non-Intervention Commitleo's it has been decided, also, to recome experts have decided to recommend mend a special control system for the (4) That the Government will extension of the control system to in Canary Islands in order to prevent draft economia accorde under the tri-

"Twicheall n“ trafia.restriction: clude stilpe of powers which are not foreign ships landings contraband partits modetary

|there's "which" might

(D) That the Government will algnatory to the neutrality agreement married to Spain in Span and are bound for Spain from Ameri- which are not Islam to control by the Immediately curtial Inflation through

(Continued on Pega 5.) </ ca and other non-European ports. Note-Interventionist Lester, as y