1937-02-13 — Page 18

14

B

C

of Beauty

Give your eyes a daily batli in distilled waler with a pinch of salt, using an cyc-bath,

E stands for EYES.

A smear of vaseline or castor oil encourages lashes to curl upwards. Just a touch of cold cream or vase- line on the lids reflects a sparkle into your eyes,

Tap on muscle ofl with Bight fingers

to erase that network of Üttle lines around tired orbs.

F

stands for FEET. Give your loc- nails a short cut and file ther straight with an emery board once a week. Push culicle back after a hot bath, using an orange stick dipped In peroxide or cuticle remover. Apply foot balm nightly, and before a dance rub phve bil into the soles of your feet and dust your feet and your stocking feet with boracic powder.

To alenderise ankles, try walking round the room on ilp-toe and on the outside edges of your feet.

́stands for GRACE. Try to walk with your weight evenly dis

tributed between toes and heels, and your body, polsed a lttle behind your

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

SPARE MOMENT

B

SATURDAY,- FEBRUARY 13, 1987.

PAGE

SMITH'S FAMILY TREE

Showing you day by day how your ancestors lived, worked, amused themselves. It's as fascinating as fiction

Mr.

Mediaeval

Smith

His Norman 'masters looked upon him as just another variety of livestock.

EFORE the Norman Conquest Mr. Smith, of mixed Anglo-Saxon and Danish extraction with a dash of Celt, had been a free man in fact as well as in

legs. Keep your hend back and your theory.

chin in and never sit slouched in a chair with legs twisted round chalf Jegs or carelessly crossed.

To develop poise, practise walking

round your bedroom with a book on your head,

There had, indeed, existed a class of serfs, or churls, who were practically slaves, but it had not been composed of Smiths, but of the remnants of the aboriginal population who had long ago been abdued by the Celts, and by such of the Celts themselves as had not fled to Wales, Cornwall or the Lowlands.

SNAPSHOT GUILD

The S!

Questions on Lighting

Here is bad and good lighting. At the left the light strikes almost. directly on the front of the subject. Shadow contrasts are too harsh and the young lady's "crowning glory" is almost lost in the dark back pround. Notice the difference in the other ploture where the light strikes from the side. 03

TAKING proper exposure for granted, right lighting, whather it bo daylight or artificial, fa the principalqually which distinguishes the photographie work of art from the ordinary haphazard snapshot How much attention de wo, as ama- tours, really pay to how light flu- minates our subject when we alm our cameras!

Suppose we are photographing a person, do we take the pales to aTold harsh front lighting, which makes our subject squiat and caste doop shadows into oyos sad from ́ the nose. This usually happens when the sun is high and directly strikes. the front of the subject. Especially in the case of a close-up the shadows that delineate the fontaros are like-

ly to be unpleasantly harsh,

Do we seek to discover the light

light to an almost unbelievable do areo, When working with artificial light, they may use thousands of. walls on such a seemingly easily photographed subject as a basket of ogg. They carefully study the ef facts of variations fa light intenst». ty, how they affect sharpness of Pøbadow outline, shadow donalty, shadowgradations. They experiment with those effects, ahlffing camera, lights, or the subject itself, and do- ¿creasing or increasing the volume of Illumination. They want to show you a picture of that basket of ogra that is roallatle though to tempt you to reach your hand fnto the basket and pick one up, and by còn. trolling the lighting, they succeed In doing just about that vory thing. We, too, as amatours, can I moüsely improys the quality of our. płoturén £i wa will but study and con.

angles that are most pleasing? Usu-alder light effects, whether from the

ally light coming from the sldo or a bit from behind the subfoot makon a better picture,

Do we observe the tono of the principal object of interest? If the object is dark do we note whether it is in mich dep shadow that it is in danger of merging with the back ground when the pogativo le darci opad and tho print made?

Do we notice whether a light onl ared subject is in a fall glare of light without a dark background be hind it to set it off? Sometimes a background that noòmato de dark may not prove ofootlys becauso of unobserved light radoótions auch wa from the surface of water.

Some of the most famous photor rapbord 'stress the Intelligent uso’of

fight of the sun or from home photo lampa.

Obviously, therò can be no rigid. pulos for solooting or arranging light effects, considering the Infinito va riety of plature subjects, often quilo differently affected by similar light conditions. Getting the right effects depends upon how much sense of the artielle we posaose, plus experionCO sixlar up the ploture chance,

But there is one general rule, and that is to sook contrast in the high- "Lights and shadows that compose the online, anbalanco and back- ground of the principal object of in- terest Af loalt to các aveld that cardinal sin of black and white pho- tography dat lahting.

JOHN VAN GUILDEIL.

COUNT THE

TELEGRAPHS”

EVERYWHER· E...··

With these serfs were mixed many generations of prisoners of war, and criminals or others who for one red- son or another had forfeited their I freemen's rights.

NOW

with them

TOW, the Normans brought a quite different social system of their own, whereby Mr. Smith was БООЛ reduced to much the same level as these churls; Be Was forced to work for his landlord in return for his own little patch of land, and his liberty of movement † was severely restricted.

His handlord himself only held the land by virtue of a promise to serve some even more powerful Jard in time of war, who, in his turn, derived his rights from a similar undertaking given to the king.

Looking Back

a bit

Can you find survivals of the following, Stone Age belicis:-

(a) The ghosts of the dead were supposed to haunt the place where they had lived for period of six months or a year

(b) When their ceremony of marriage took pince, the couple were often pelted with stones to avert misfortune.

(e) The standing crops were under protection of spirits, Cut- ting them down entailed danger to the harvesters....

2-Did man or woman make

the discoveries on which civilised life depends? Make a list of six of the fundamental activities of mankind discovered during the Stone Age, and try to decide which of them were started by women.

3. Make a list of six features of town or country which are more than 1,000 years old. Try to estimate whether the Stone Age men, the Romans, or the Saxons; have influenced the district in which you live to any marked extent.

4. Make a list of towns the names of which end in cos- ter or chester. Make another list of towns ending in -ham, -ton, or tun.

Look at the foot of this pare

Studij

Was hard and his independence strictly limited, enjoyed, in good times at least;, a certain amount of security. But in the thirteen-hun- dreds something happened which up- get the economie foundations on which the existence of the King, the Church, the barons, and Mr. Smith rested.

д

From out of Asia there came mysterious and deadly epidemie which spread through Europe like wildfire-the Black Death: In overy town and village the Smiths died by scores, and when at length the pingue was over the population of England had been reduced by half.

NEITHER the nobles nor the Church had escaped

this scourge, but as the Smiths vasily culnumbered all the other classes of society put together it was they who suffered the worst. As a natural re- sult of this there was an immediate shortage of labour, which led to a rise; in wagca.

Dut under the prevailing cond)- tions this latter development did not automatically follow on from the former, for Mr. Smith was not a free agent, and was not at liberty to sell his services in the highest market.

So it was not until after he had drawn attention to his grievances in no uncertain way, and had only just been prevented from sacking London, that he dervived any benefit from the fact that his labours had now become more valuable.

From now on there was a new

spirit of inquiry abroad, and Mr. Smith, having at last realised his own importance in the scheme of things, began to look about him and to draw his own conclusions from what he saw. One of the first things he noticed was that a large number of the higher clergy did not practise what they preached--they preached poverty and flaunted riches.

AGAINST the humble parish

priests, the Rev. Mr. Smiths, he had no complaint, for these excellent men continued, with few exceptions, to practise the virtues.

Many of the bishops and monks, on the other hand, employed their enormous incomes, derived largely from the labours of the Smiths, for their own enjoyment and not ពឆ formerly for the benefit of the community.

The wave of criticism which the reallsation of this state of affairs pro- voked was-rigorously-suppressed - by. the authorities and driven. under- ground, only to emerge again a cen-. tury or so later.

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This system was splendid from the point of view of the Norman barons, but not so satisfactory as far as the king and Mr. Smith were concerned.

At the end of the Middle Ages the Smith was forced to work twice daily life of Mr. Smith than either throne of England was claimed by civil wars as hard as before and was regarded the king or the barons the Church, rival candidates. The

which broke out as a consequence, by his new masters as just another It is difficult for us to-day to although they involved enormous variety of livestock, while the king reallee just how much the Church slaughter and take up a great deal found that the

nobles soon became meant to the Smiths of the Middle of jalmost independent of the royal Ages. It not only fullled all the pace in the history books, actuny

affected Mr. Smith hardly at all. authority, which could only be en- functions which it does to-day, but

DEUCALION They were carried on by a few forced with a great expenditure of also provided those benefits which great families and their

Due 14 Feb. From U. K. via Straits money and energy.

AGAPENOR Due 22 Feb. From U. K. via Straits now supplied by the hospitals, who practically exterminated each

PATROCLUS the social services, the club and the other in the process. As a result, William the Conqueror had been theatre and cinema.

Due 27 Feb. From U. K. via Straits fully alive to this danger and tried

hoth Mr. Smith and the king bene- Special reduced fares are quoted for cargo steamers to avoid it by making all landholders.

flied, for the power of the great

with limited passenger accommodation nobles which they both resented was Mr. Smith as well as the barons and

Broken for ever. great nobles, do homage direct to him for their land and not Indirectly through one another.

are

was R.. SMITH

MR baptised,

not only

retainers

And now a very remarkable thing

married and happened. There ascended the but throne a king who expressed in his the life and actions many of those aspira- and tions and hopes of which Mr. were Smith had hitherto been hardly aware, but which nevertheless he had long subconsciously entertained.

Under this arrangement the nobles buried by the parish church, could not force Mr. Smith to assist under its roof were also held all them if they took up arms against local meetings, beanfeasts the Government, for he, no less than theatrical entertainments that they, had sworn loyalty to the king, likely to come his way.

for

Had Smith junior a taste learning he would receive his educà- tion either from one of the great THIS system worked just so monasteries or at colleges which the

long as there was a strong Church had endowed. ·

HE

E was Henry VIII, whom most of us think of only

man to enforce it, and so, curiously,

If Mrs. Sraith fell ill or met with as the merry monarch with many cnough, it came about that the more hard times her wants were attended wives, He despised the nobles, mis- ruthless and tyrannical the ruler the to by the almener at the local con- trusted foreigners, and resented the beiter was the lot of Mr. Smith.

yent, and finally, If Mr. Smith were power and wealth of the Church. The harshness of a cruel king was, make a public carcer for himself the his own house.

un ambitious man and wished to He was determined to be master in as a general rule, felt only by the Church was the only means by nobles, whereas the weakness of which he could do so. Morcover.

In his reign Mr. Smith first realized humane one merely encouraged those it was the only power in the land that he, too, had a stake in the coun- worthies to treat Mr. Smith exactly which could meet the king and the try and that its fortunes and position as they liked without fear of the barons on equal terms.

were Intimately connected with his consequences.:

own. In fact Mr. Smith was now But there was 'one institution Thus until the middle of this for the Arst time fully conscious of which played a greater part in the period Mr. Smith, though his lot the fact that he was an Englishman.

Did

you the Stone Age

answer the

1-(a) Wearing of mourning. (b) Shoes and con- fett. (c) Harvest ceremonics of all sorts, eg, in some districts the harvesters are blindfolded before they cut the last shent and just swipe at random to distribute the bad luck. In the Highlands, they ofion drink a glass of whisky to the last sheaf.

tests?

3-Among Stone Age remains you may flad forts,

cúmeteries (barrows). The Romans have left roads, walls, villds. The Saxons churches, walls, and divisions of land, such as long strip fields.

4.-"-caster" and "chester" towns were probably founded by the Romans, "ham," "-ton,” and 2-Among those are: Discovery and use of fire, the "tun" towns by the Saxons, Having regard to the wheel, pottery, and tools; clothing, cultivation, lle of the land and to the rivers, can you 'suggest domestication of animais, cookery. It 18" certain that the last four tre due to women.

almost any good reason why these people should have "bet--

tled just where they did?

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