1937-01-29 — Page 7

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1937.

EDUCATION PROBLEM IN COLONIES

Colonial Secretary's

Presidential Address

At University College

*

QUESTION OF RACE AND RELIGION

Every Child Must Begin Its Education In Vernacular.

London, Jan. 16.

THE many problems to be dealt with in furthering education in the Colonial Empire were dealt with by Mr. W. G. A. Ormsby-Gore, Secretary of State for the Colonies, in his presidential address at the 25th annual conference of educational associations at University College yesterday.

The Colonial Secretary, while stating that the West should teach the East all it could, stressed that "every child must begin its educa- tion in its mother tongue" and that local cultures must be encouraged.

You who are interested in the

as

problems of education both a science and an art have done mo the honour of inviting me as Colonial Secretary to be your President on this occasion

pendencies in the sense that tho

n

At the Spanish headquarters at Burgos new volunteers are, continually enrolling The

officers kissing the colours as they take their oath of allegiance“

for Utetr matric exam being, without it evolution could never have instructed in their Bei beak, taken place and all progress would namely, Jane Austen's Mansfield cease. Park, will evident bewilderment Accordingly, some individuals are and a clear impression in their both more receptive of education and minds that everyone in Regency have greater capacity for self ad- England must have clearly been vancement than their fellows. mad.

The first problem therefore in Colo- French nation or the totalitarian nial education is this problem of States have or would have.

adapting what we have to offer so that pupils can really get benefit from what we have to give. But clearly we must have ends in view. Can we have a policy to work to and if so

what?

It is, of course, possible for dominant race with a definite and clear-cut attitude towards life and political and explicit economic ions to devise an and I take it from that Invitation equally definite and clear-cut policy you expect me to tell you some- for the education of its subject thing of the practice and experi-peoples, including the Imposition of ence of the Colonial Office in the their language, culture and ideas upon would venture to lay down three pro-}

educational field.

them.

NATION OF OPPORTUNISTS

picture

shows, new

RADIO BROADCAST

Match Relay

"THIS IS ENGLAND"

In a free soclety where career is open to talent this does not signity to anything like the same extent as in a The Fourth Cricket Test more primitive soclety such as the African tribe, and the emergent In- dividual, the Inevitable product of any system of education, has to be found not only a place for himself in his communlly, but a place in which his more trained and inherent abilities can be directed to the service of his less privileged and less. endowed fellow tribesmen.

URGENT PROBLEM

Radio Programme Broadcast by Z.B.W. on a wavelength 355 metres metres (9.52 (845 k.e's.), 31.40 megacycles).

ILK.T.

12.30 Dance Music, 1 Time and Weather.

1.03 Light Opera and Musical Comedy.

THREE PROPOSITIONS We are driven back to considering the fundamentals of education and I

positions as our main objectives, though I realise that they are open How to avoid a conflict between the ́ I must make clear to your minds

to challenge. But the British people have long

rule what the Colonial Empire consists of.

Our first object is Instruction system of indirect rule, Le

1.30. Reuter and Rugby Press; It comprises some 40 units of ad- been varied in their thought and in

and

must be to give to native peoples through Indigenous and traditional

Time and An- ministration scattered in every con- articulate. In its expression

who lack it some of the knowledge native Institutions of varying form, Weather Forecast. tinent varying in size from the great nothing surprises us so much as when

that has been acquired as the result and the product of the education of nouncements.

the individual to his full capacities is 1.40 Marek Weber and Ills Di West African dependency of Nigeria, some foreign traveller and observer

of our experience... ... three times the size, of Great Britain, philosophises and tries to

This knowledge must include the areal, acute and urgent problem in chestra.

Somehow or another the "wisdom the history of human events and pro-

define

with its population of some 20,000,-/British policy in the Colonial Empire experience of mankind in ethics and the Colonial'Empire.

000 African natives, the ittle Rock or in anything else.

of Gibraltar,

We are, I fancy, a nation of oppor-gress as well as the knowledge of the It comprises Crown Colonies, Pro-tunists, let us hope of enlightened physical sciences which have enabled

opportunists.

tectorates and mandated territories. with

a total population of about 50,000,000.

Arab,

ONLY 50,000 EUROPEANS

ary

ADVISORY COMMITTEE

us in the West to master the forces of nature and develop the useful arts for to service of man,

and experience of the Elders must be associated with the aspirations of the young."

brings me to my third axio- This mátlo proposition.

I believe it lo be one of the essen- tial aims not only every nulver- nity, but every school, to preserve. and enhance indigenous local tradi- tlon and culture,

2.15 Close Down.

4-7 p.m. Chinese Programme.

7 p.m. La Valse (Ravel), play.

ed by the Orchestre du Conserva toire, Paris, Conducted by Phi lippe Ganbert.

7.17

Three Light Arlas by Enrico Caruso (Tenor).

1. "Rigoletto" (Verdi)-Woman is. fickle; 2. "I Pagilace" (Leon- cavallo)-On with the Motley; 3. (Puccini)--Strange Hor-

and

Unisl comparatively recent years, education in the Colonies was, as England neglected by Government Our right to leadership is based on and left almost entirely to private With the exception of Gibraltar,

our possession of this knowledge, the enterprise, notably to the mision knowledge which has chabled us to Malta, Cyprus, St. Helena and the

bodies, or to ecclesiastical att build railways, control preventable Falkland Islands, the majorly of this

thorities, non-Christian as well as discase, produce wealth and adinials-The tapestry of human experience "Tosca" population

everywhere non-

Christian. European...Over 40,000,000 are of African race, the remainder being innies have a director and Department

Now, however, practically all coto-fetal and impose systems of law is enriched by the variety of human mony.

founded on Christian ethics.

achlevement in thought, art

7.30 Stock Quotations. and numerical order East Indian (with

literature. After all what is Western EQUIPMENT OF INVENTIONS

7.35 Nat Gonella whom include the Sinhalese), of Education, private enterprise con-

civilisation but the legacy. of Georgians. Malay,

Chinese, Jews,inuing its work involving some mee-

It is the fact that the inventions of Jerusalem, Athens, ancient Rome, Fox Trot-The man from thr Melanesians and American Indians the East amount-peated by direct educational provi- the scientific worker in Europe, par- Florence, of the Renaissance, Paris, South; Fox Trot-Woe is me; Fox

Polynesians and sure of Government control, supple-

icularly in the last hundred years, Welmar, and, may we ndd, West-Trot Mama don't allow it; Fox Ing only to n fow-thousands in British son by Government itself.

have given us an equipment, at least minster, Oxford-and Cambridge.- Gulana, British Honduras and the

Trot Ol Man Mose; Fox Trot-I'm In the material which other

LOCAL CULTURES races of mankind Island of Dominica..

gonna clap my hands; Fox Trot-The nol invented These

Caprice; educational departments

ents or applied to their use.

Sheik of Araby; Capri Civilisation is the compost of great Quickstep-How'm I doin'? have not waited for direction from

Tho universal laws, of matter, local cultures that, have appeared 8 home; they have just gone ahead and

motion and life, which are The total numbers of persons of it was not until 1822, and then only covery of the chemist, the physicist and left an indelible mark on thought,

the die from time to time in human history nouncements.

p.m. Time, Weather and An- British race (the self-governing for native education in tropical Africa, and the biologist, are what govern art and human progress.

8.03 Leslie Jeffries and B Colony of Southern Rhodesia being that any educational organisation was and condition our lives on the

Orchestra. excluded) resident permanently or

In passing on this legacy to other even temporarily

peoples we must do all we can not settlers, traders, officials and missionaries in In that year on advisory commitice Equally in the moral sphere where merely to keep alive but to encourage our Colonial Empire 14 under was set up with myself as the Under- we enter debatable ground may we local cullures. An inevitable by- 50,000 l.e. less than one British in Secretary ex officio Chairman, with not say and teach that the experience product of this problem is dividual to every 1,000 non-British, certain educationalists like Sir Percy of mankind in history reveals a con- problem of vernaculars.

Nunn as members, and a full time ception of law and an attitude to cer- Very few of the Colonial dependen-secretary, namely, Mr. Mans Vischer, tain questions of behaviour that are, arg racially homogeneous and a former Director of Education 1C63 clearly discerned perhaps, many of them have a really remark- Northern Nigeria.

equally part of the unchangeable able mixture.

This committer has grown in num-Jaws of the universe unamendable by In Trinidad we find not only the ber and has two secretaries, Mr. May- man.

To the dweller in the tropics the how having been added when the Britisii and French Europe terms of reference were extended to physical laws of life and health are of ciements, but also the list include all education in all dependen- even greater significance than to us Negro and Chinese cornmunities; in

who live in the temperate zones. Kenya, some 17,000 Europeans, 60,000

Men of all races in the tropics are The nature of the activities of this Asiatics and nearly 3,000,000 African natives, the last including tribes of advisory committee, which has no competing with insects for the over-indigenous language. very diverse African races, of funda- executive power, is illustrated by its lordship of nature. In the troples the published memoranda mosquito and the tsetse fly and ollier mentally different ethnographical and Periodically

and its quarterly publication "Over- bearers of microbiological disease are linguistic stocks.

seas Education" printed by the Oxford | ever disputing man's claim to survive. University Press.

cies

A

established in the Colonial Office.

cies.

MAIN FUNCTION

The bulk of this Colonial Empire is wholly within the tropics and is economically dependent almost entirely on agricultural production, One of ita mala functions is to col- lect and make known to others the educational efforts, experienced in

NO INDUSTRIES

material side.

SPECIAL PLACE

the

The Frolicsome Hare (H. Ashworth

Talks

Hope); Dance of the icicles (Kenne- dy Russell); Springtime Serenade (Jonny Heykens); The Balkan Princess Valse (Paul A. Rubens).

8.16 This is England." Every child must begin its educa- by representative English people: tion in its mother tongue, the lauz (4) G. C. Drake, Dean's Verger of nge of its home and community, and when for educational purposes we Westminster Abbey. Introduced by Introduce our own language we Recording).

Anthony Weymouth. (Electrical must not thereafter neglect the con- tinued use of the vernacular.

8.30 The B.B.C. Dance Orchestra,

educational asset, but the European

Bilingualism is in itself a proved directed by Henry Hall.

8.55 London-News and An- language must not seek to suppress or nouncements. stop the development and use of the Match; Australia v. England. An 0.13 p.m. The Fourth Cricket Test

One final point in this connection, account of the opening day's play by While at the beginning we bave Alan Kippax. From Adelaide. (Elec-

Brtilah personnel as tea-trical Recording). chers, and directors of the

0.35 Polkas and new must corded), always bear in mind that in the

to rely

educational endeavour. We

Veletas (Re-

9.45

A Concert.. long run it is from the teachers and Soprano Solos--Serenade (Mosz- leaders of their own race and cut-kowsky); The Maldens of Cadiz ture that native races must obtain (Delibes)....Miliza Korjus; Violin their real advance,

Solo-La Capricieuse (Elgar), Op. 17.

Bronislaw Huberman, (10 p.m. London-Big Ren), A Concert (contd.).

The actual knowledge of how to combat these forces hostile to mani's life and health assumes a para- mount importance. Biology there- fore has a very special place in Uic

For a long time picked men and needs of Colonial education.

women from this country will be In engineering,

needed to direct the pioneer work in craftsmanship, I have sold enough to make it clear technical ways we have

in plant breeding and a hundred other now under way, but quality not Chinese in population, no industrial to you that in applying education to ourselves services which these other of the Brst duties of such personnel to provide quantity must be the rule, and one the Colonial dependencies we are fac- races have hitherto been unable to do send out to undertake the

There is some mining here and there, but except in the towns of Singapore and Hongkong, our only two big ellies, both overwhelmingly

cach Colony and to assess the success or failure of a great variety of experi- ment

make-up and the local traditions as

Bass-Baritone Solos-A Sea Coll

production or urban life, such as weed with the fact that the hereditary provide for themselves and which task is to conserve all that is valuable Planos (Aontralto Vronsky, und Another factor complicating the well as the background nad environ-ey should in increasing measure be what mankind has done for himself is Zecello

Taylor)...Peter Dawson; Pianoforte (Ramon); Life and Death (Coleridge- Duet Waltz from Sulic for Two

Salo Gentle (Jensen)....Essic Ackland; Solos Chunson VII. Apres un Casale: Tenor Solos Water Lilles (Dobrindt-Zander); Only

him by jageoise (David Pablo

know here at home.

in Indigenous life and culture, for Babin; able to provide themselves. scene must also be remembered be- ment of the children to be educated

turn to my second proposition. that which is imposed on

always better in the long run than fore we approach, education religion. Though Christianity in its both the heredity and environment of individual and not the individual for

is are almost all wholly different from The community

exists

for the others. various forms is gaining numbers, the children in this country and that the community. bulk of the Colonial population is consequently the mere Imposition of Bill zon-Christian and includes in our system and ideas, without adapta- Marx agree with this proposition, buGIRL KILLED BY

I know that neither not likely to prove. successful. Teachers trained in England findtil we are a totalitarian state. of And one sort or the other this remains

addition to the animistic-paganism of tion โล Africa, larger numbers of adherents

of Islam (more than 10,000,000), when using books and ideas easy and our British principle in education as Hinduism and Buddhism (the last familiar at home that the whole in politics.

being the deeply cherished religion of mental background of native pupils is

True, the individual depends on the

n majority of the people of Ceylon). so different that they become useless.community and is conditioned by it,

I remember coming across vivid ex-but in our view the

"COULD MEAN 'NOTHING? "MAD

community's'

One more word about the constituamples of this. I remember visiting a growth depends upon the initiative tional or political position..

school in British West Africa where and trained progress of its individuals. the children were being instructed in their first English reader.

The problem therefore be low to direct the Individual ult he or she li trained and to preserve the -I- digenous social structure while the Individual is learning his responsi billies as well as his rights, his ability for social and communal action as well as his power of self advancement, 20

The British tradition in Colonial Government has always been in the direction of decentralisation, of re- ducing to the minimum the power and control in London and encouraging

It was one prepared in this country. local responsibility and local growth. for use.

There is every variety of local chapter heading was "The starling; In rural schools and the legislature with varying composition. The Farmer's Friend." - powers of control and influence and In West Africa there are no starl in many cases such powers as I stillings or even corresponding types of nominally possess have to be used in-bird and the chapter could directly by persunaion rather than nothing to the pupils. directly by imposition.

To take another example from higher education, I remember hear-

The truth is, of course, that the English nation has not got a clearly. delined stulitude to its Colonial de-

mean

This problem is bound up with the problem of what is called the educa- Lional ladder-which is a universol problem.

No two individuals have, ever been Ing some Chinese boys, of 17 in bova equal. Inequality is the law of Malaya who were taking English life in the universe as we know it and

reve

(Gabriel

Waltz Song (Dorlie-Amberg)...Her-

THUNDERBOLT Her Race.

Singapore, Jan. 15.

12-year-old Chinese girl. Tey

In

bert E. Gron; Cymbalum Solo Waltz No. 1 in E flat (Durand).... 10.30 Musle by Light Orches- tray.

4

A Koh Koh, eldest daughter of Lehar): Vivat Hungurla (Kalman); Gipsy Love-Overture (Franz

Elm Chu Kang, Stogapore. ‚a squatter'on' a rubber-estate

Traumeret (Schumann, arr. Walter); killed by a thunderbolt Frida William Tell-Andante (Pastorale)

as she stood in the doorway of her house.

(Rossini,

Walter); Sleeping. Beauty's Bridal Procession · (Max Another sister and two younger Rhode); In Clock Store (Chas. J.

The Och); Cara Mia (Brodszki, arr Pager) Pucha Digo (Pesent!);

brothers were behind her In

kitchen preparing the evening Serenade (Tosell!). meal. A

11,p.m. Close Down.

Patent

Leather

SHOES

For Dinner and Daneing

Made of finest Patent Leather with light flexible soles of the best quality. Stylishly cut to fit snugly round the ankle and give- The toes perfect freedom.

All sizes and half sizes in three widths,

MACKINTOSH'S LTD.

MEN'S WEAR SPECIALISTS

Smiling with Confidence

You can smile with confidence only if your teeth are perfectly clean, Clean them with the world-famous Odol Tooth- paste and they will always be dazzlingly white, Make sure, too, that your breath is sweet and fragrant. Use Odol Mouthwash. It is strongly ger.. micidal and will protect your mouth and throat. Famous beauties of society, stage and screen make` Odol an Indispensable part of their daily tollet. Do the same and you will become more beautiful,

Odol

HELMUT NOCHT

The well-known Photographic Supplies firm writes as follows!

ODOT/Odol

The Manager,

Hongkong Telegraph,

Local

Dear Sir,

27th January, 1987.

re. My Ad. Bottom Part Last Page Saturday

lague.

Please discontinue my present ad. "Weltur"" as stocks were completely sold out during the two

wecks of advertising this camera,

Please insert instead "Exakta-Junior

Yours faithfully,

Helmut Nocht.

15.07 metres

· 1266 metros

15,180 k.. ..) 19.70 (matem 1,810 VAN 1940- Transmissio

(0.9.1),,|| 0.8.0... 0.8.0.) --- VACA

“A_Modern Vorage of Daobvery." 415 v.m.. Musical Interhidan 4.20 p.m. The. Fourth, Cricket Text Matchi

Tags Australia:v, England. 4,40, p.m. -Beethoven / String Quarteismą, 8.10 p.m.; John Lorukner, at Home'sik, 5.40 Pente The News and Announcementa. Orwenwich-Time, Signal at 8:45. Dəm.

* (3,8_11__ (1,8.0.... OBILJENARE

(Continued on Page 5.)

GRE

11.80$ k.. 25.28 metres

OSP

18,140 k.. 10.81

eirmi

GBG

17,790 k. 1855 matre

OSHI

21.470. k.e.

Blan

DAVENTRY PROGRAMMES

The following wavelengths and frequencies gra usel by Daventry.

Freener ·Waveleneih-

10.240 k.o2

053

21.840 k..

COL

6,110 k... 44,10 mete

CIAO

Gar

G8A

6,000 kc. D.TB k.c.

$9.50 metres"

$1,50, matros

of

OBC

$1.80 metre

OSD

13,360 --k.c.

25.52. mutzm

There was a terrifio craniof thunder and the three children fa alde Jumped in fright. The girl in the doorway fall face downwards, and was found to be dead, an

The boards of the house near ber and the roof supports were smash- ed. There were no

marke burning to Indleate lightning.

Lily Den: "Tales of the Ban