1937-01-13 — Page 20

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1987.

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WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 13, 1037,

MOROCCO: TROUBLE

co

CENTRE

The scare created by reports of German infiltration in Moroc- has, happily, died down following mutual assurances by both Germany and France that they intend fully to respect the: territorial integrity of Spain and Spanish possessions. Marocco

The Privileges and Precedence of

The New Duke of

By An Expert

on the LAW of

PRECEDENCE

N

OW that our former King has become the Duke of Windsor, wonder exactly what is his position. to-day in our Constitution.

everyone

•

must

It is a situation without pre- codent in the history of our land. Much one can say with certitude; but there still remain details in regard to such mat- ters as precedence about which no legal expert would commit himself without extensive re- search.

In this, admittedly a rather hurried survey, we can at least give some indication of what are the rights and privileges of the new Duke of Windsor and how he now stands in relation to the Constitution. Still A Prince THERE is slight confusion, apparently, in the minds of some people as to the status of the new dukedom.

Let it be made clear that the former King is still Prince Edward. He does not take the place of the Duke of Norfolk as premier duke. He will be the eldest of the royal Dukes, apart from the Duke of Connaught, and will, it is ucsumed, take precedence after the Heir- presumptive.

In English history there has not been a voluntary abdication before-with the possible excep. tion of James II.~~~Other English- Kings who have left the Throne have been forced into their ab- dications, some of them rather painfully.

Windsor

cedent in the whole of world' history of a former King taking his seat in the House of' Lords and taking the oath of allegiance to his muccessor,

Whether this position will ever arise one cannot may, but nevertheless it la a course which Prince Edward would be clearly antitled to take.

The writ of summons would bo issued by the Lord Chan- cellor. The issue of write to call peers to the House is a practice which began in the 13th century.

One must distinguish between the Duke's position as a Prince of the blood and his position as a peer. He has absolutely re- nounced the Crown for himself and his descendants, but he cannot, of course, renounce the blood in his veins. A Prince of the blood he must remain, hough legally barred from the succession.

The Duchy

A PECULIAR position-again one without procedent--İs to be found in regard to the wnership of the Duchy of Cornwall.

The Duchy of Landester is ndisputably the appanage of the Crown; but the Duchy of Jornwall has always been re- garded as the possession of the

EX-KING EDWARD-A pleture taken when he toured South Wales eldest son of the King. “

in November-kis last pubile appearance.

the Duke of Windsor in the Without Precedent House of Lords, this must be recognised.

The former King became possessor of the Duchy of Cornwall 25 years before he succeeded to the Throne; and

QUEE

UEEN VICTORIA decided it is not improbable that some

against her husband being special legislation will be re- He will be created a duke,

made

a peer. One feels that quired to settle the point. presumably by Letters Patent: she was entirely right; for had issued either in the Court he received a peerage he would When Travelling Circular or the London Gazette neccessarily have been called to or in both. It will not be

the House of Lords and would necessary for him to return to

ward's marriage, and should receive the dukedom. But to sit therefore have been in contact IN the event of Prince Ed- there be any children, there In the House of Lords he must with politics. receive a summons-a personal It is certain that as the Duke may be some question concern ammons and to that he is en- of Windsor the former King is ing their titles, but these would titled as a peer.

entitled, to the writ of summons, normally be those of the soris This was established by the Of course, it is not obligatory and daughters of a duke.

In his travels abroad, wher- case of the Earl of Bristol in for a peer to--respond to the the reign of James L. For cer- summons, but should the Duke ever our kite King should go, tain reasons the Crown wished decide to answer, as would an he will presumably be trested, to exclude him from the House ordinary peer, there would then as are his brothers, with the of Lords, but his right to receive arise the extraordinary situa diplomatic immunity accorded a summons was affirmed.

tion-one probably without pre- to royal Princes.

has often figured in the news as a danger-spot, having been for many years the centre of con- flicting national interests. Be cause of its proximity to Algeria, France has always taken a lively concern in its future. Not many years before the Great War, France and Germany almost came to a clash when, following a general rising of tribesmen, a French expeditionary force oc cupied Fez. The need for this action was notified to the

As Prince Edward has re- Powers, but was resented by nounced the Throne and has Spain, who suddenly seized two also undertaken that his dos- towns, and by Germany, whocendants shall not be in the line sent the gunboat Panther to of succession, it might be

VITH the expiry of the argued that his precedence will W Agidir

Washington Treaty and and thereby almost stand below that of any member brought on a European war of the Royal Family in the line its non-fortification clauses Great Britain made formal ob- of succession..

Great Britain will push ahead with her plans for converting the towering peaks of Hongkong into a

jection to Germany's acquiring Royal Highness

territorial influence in Morocco,

and the diplomatic conversations ONE of the most important

points which must neces

HONGKONG AND THE TREATY OF WASHINGTON

which followed resulted in the Franco-German Treaty of 1911, sarily be occupying the public Far Eastern Gibraltar.

Camo-

mind is what will be the title

In regard to the presence of

From this hornets' nest of guns,

came the first move to

porry

By-

A SUNDAY

ONE

Darwin

NE Interesting development may result, however, from Britain's new strategy in the Far East.

The Sunday Times understands the advisability of using Darwin as a summer base for Britain's China

TIMES STAFF Squadron, instead of Wel-Hal-Wel

REPORTER

has

her

the area" to foreign vessels. She

even been accused of fortifying Mandates in the Facific notably the Caroline and Marshall Islanda.

acroes the

Infantry

will be discussed at the Imperial Conference which is to be held dur- ing the Coronation.

British naval experts have come to the conclusion that Wel-Hal-Wel. which is north of Shanghai, could not be defended in event of hostilitles with a neighbouring Power,

The China Squadron could be bottled up rapidly by hosile war- ships and aircraft, and virtually destroyed before it was able to escape

Hongkong or Singapore.

to

by which France ceded to Ger-taken by his wife in the event bombers, and barracks will in future many some territory in French of marriage.

threat from the East towards Malaya, equatorial. Africa, the

The future wife of his Royal India, or Australla.

The expiry of the Treaty enda a The United States appears to have roons, in return for recognition Highness the Duke of Windsor

On the other hand, Darwin, in of her political Protectorate over will obviously be known as her period which-if the counter-charges fulfilled the letter of the Treaty, but

levelled against each other by Britain, has not, abided by the spirit. On the much more suitable to the Navy's

able Unes of air attack Morocco. In the following year, Royal Highness the Duchess of the United States, and Japan are true contrary, she has built two formid-strategical requirements.

It could not easily be taken by negotiations between France and Windsor. She will be entitled-has been one of supreme hypocrisy Facialone to the north via Alaska surprise. It is outside any Power's

and the Aleutian Islands, the other practicaole operating range. to the precedence and privileges and ill-concealed subterfuge. Spain as to their respective

of her husband's rank.

Under the Washington Treaty the to the south via Honolulu, Wake

Close Link rights in Morocco came to an end'

three signatory Powers agreed to Island, and Guam. maintain the status quo over a wide Britain's present garrison at HORE. MOREOVER, the establishment of

three kong includes with the Treaty of Madrid. By

a bare at Darwin would provide ares of the Pacife and Far Eastern battalions and various Corps units. a welcome opportunity for combined this pact, France acknowledged

seaboard so far as naval and air Two new aerodromes are nearing manoeuvres of the China, Indies, and Interest in the matter as a

bases and other fortifications were completion at Hongkong, one on the Australian squadrons, and

would

be the right of Spain to exercise its

Mediterranean Power. Italy's concerned.

Ísland Itself, and one in the British closely linked to Singapore,

Chinese Influence in the Spanish zone, right to intervene in questions

Leased Territories on the

The China Squadron, more than This meant that Britain was not mainland. At least two ILA.F. 20 units of which will wini Singa- the extent of which was defined affecting the balance of power in allowed to strengthen Hongkong. squadrons will be stationed

there

pore this month, includes the Alfcraft was then Japan was not to improve her de- early next year.

carrier Hermes, several in the treaty. The Tangler dis- the Mediterranean

several county cines cruisers, destroyer in Formosa, The

and submarine trict was excluded from the recognised. A new accord be fences

Advance Base to confine her

on such The Squadron, if Spanish zone, and in 1923 a con-care effective in 1929, in which States was

Isles, and her own Pacific 'consts,

scale was not anticipated in could dock and reat

The Royal Navy already regards:: vention was signed by Great Spain was given control of

EFORTIFICATION Japan, where it was believed that policing Tangier. It will be

Britain had decided to withdraw Darwin as Singapore's auxiliary base, Britain, Frame and Spain realised, from this summary of

forming a strong triangle with her first line of defences to Singa-Trincomalee (Ceylon), and prevent- guaranteeing the permanent International concorn in Moroc is an open secret, however, that pore.

ing access by an Asiatic feet to the Britain has been building military Britain considers, however, that Indian Ocean. 30 OK security and internationalisation co, that the territory is one

Discussion of the transféréted of of this special Tangler zone. where rival interests might aerodromes, gun emplacements, and Singapore is not a sufficient guard

for the past few years. More than kong is needed as a powerful ad- Wei-Hal-Wei to Darwin will probably.

base. Vanco Three years later, however, easily clash. Fortunately, there other defence works at Hongkong for her interests in Chinn, Hong the base of the China Squadron com be hastened by the conclusion of the Spain reopened the question by Booms every indication at pre-one unduly frank report to this effect

Australian naval" a demand for full control and sent that the nations generally, has crept into the Orst editions of however, can be described as Suser}

as well as the Spanish in London newspapers and been rud- capable of being used for aggression Sunday Times understande. Incorporation of Tangler insurgents, fully realise the grave denly withdrawn under pressure from against Japan. Hongkong at favourable to the iden, although ther close enough for attack on Japan, and would naturally prefer to see the Whitehall:

is already accepted that: Japan is establishment of a naval base on the Spanish Morocco. Great Britain altuation which would be created

Japan' has concealed her military impregnable, so far as sen attack is sait coast of Australls, which would and France withheld their con- by the admission of foreign con- neuvilles in Formoss by making concerned behind her own natural be a stronger safeguard to the Cont

monwealth. sent, while Italy declared her tingents into the territory. every strategic centre a "prohibited defences.

United

?

Own

fortifications to Hawall, the Alcallan

Open Secret

1

•

flotillas, and minelayers, on Dary

Chewin

Singapore.

Walther Foto: Singoport, Japanese-German porities" "The

are

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