1937-01-04 — Page 15

THE HONGKONĠ TELEGRAPH.

MONDAY, JANUARY

1937.

Churchill Sounds Grave War Alarm

THE NATIONS MUST

UNITE

WITHIN 6 MONTHS

MR.

R. WINSTON CHURCHILL sounded n war alarm recently when he addressed in the Albert Hall a great non-party meeting for the defence of freedom and peace. Ten thousand people of all shades of political and social thought heard the warning-heard this solemn declaration by the speaker:

"To stop the coming war, we must in the next six months gather together the greatest number of riations-all as well armed as possible-and united under the Covenant of the League.

Mr. Churchill said there were two great groups of nations, which he described as "insurance groups," which profoundly desired peace.

"the very anxious" Stales of Holland and Switzerland.

In the west were Great Britain, choose between trusting; a Hitler or a France and Belgium, with which Mussolini, heavily armed, ugressive associated in intention and scornful of all moral ought to be effectively

Prime considerations, or a British Minister, pledged up to the hit in support of the system of collective security, common sense impeis me to prefer the Government over which I as a citizen, con exercise some con- trn!.

In the east were Poland, the Baltle States and the populous armed States of Czecho-Slovakia, Rumania Yugo-Slavin,

and

RUSSIA WANTS PEACE "There are good reasons for believ ing that the Government und people of Russia want to live in peace. combination of Russia and all these eastern European Powers would be most weighty and substantial.

A

Thus we have two great groups of nations, more or less effectively armed, none of which wish for, war. The cruciat question is whether we should become associated for mutual protection?

•

"Once the League of Nations is added to this force, and sanctions their action, you will have a great material and preponderance of physical military force and--it may be of decisive Importance-ike Jaw of the world and the measured, de- Iberate Judgment of mankind.”

LEAGUE'S BIG CHANCE

Mr. Churchill said our engagements must not at this stage go beyond the obligations of the

THIS REELING WORLD

de-

Lily Violet Bonham-Corter stared fun a Literal; one whose dream and aim has been to break down and sweep away all barriers between nations.

"To-day we see a world which has put back the clock; a world which is reeling away from law, away from freedom, hnele to the blind unarchy of force.

The tragedy of Spain in in itself a defent of civilisation.

"We have watched the triumph of the aggression of Italy, and the agony of its victim,

Was

"In that struggle the whole civi- lised world

Anlidly ranged What was against the aggressor,

proved the use? Public opinion powerless against palsón gas. "Unless we the free democracies of the world, who are still loyal mein-

hers of the League, are prepared to take the same risks fur justice, peace Covenant. Our and freedom as olbers are prepared Foreign Secretary was fully justified to take for the fruits of aggression. The gangsters in defining them with the uunost pre-then our cause is lost. will inherit the earth. cision.

isulate ourselves. "We cannot He believed that the great days of

It was Even if we wish to leave the world the League had yet to come.

necessary for the world, alone. the world will not leave us never never had it so fine a chance: never alone.

solid buckinist Mach

Mr. Churchill referred to "this cis- which some Husting Jew-balting people are trying to import here." He spoke of Sir Oswald Mosley as one of those who were "fascinated by the spectacle of brutal and ruih-

less power.

"At the other end of the political scale are the Trotskylte Communists men who seek not the opportunity for Russia to prove if she can that Socialism will work-but lie furious fanaties who labour for world revolu- tion.

"IT'S A POOR THING"

"We don't belong to our Govern- ment; our Government belongs to us.

"It's a poor thing, but our own. If It won't lead at least it can be tr it won's follow. made to follow.

If it ceases to represent our mind, our conscience and our will, we can sweep it away and put in another which will do so better.

"Can we imagine living in a land in which free thought and speech cre treachery to the State: In which one may not criticise a work of art; A LONG WAY ROUND

where books are read to order, writ- "Thirdly, we have Sir Statford | ten to order, burnt to order; in which Cripps. He is in a class by himself. to hate to order is a patriotic duty: He wishes us to be conquered by the and race may be a crime even in a Nazis in order to stir us into becom-helpless Jewish child?" Ing Bolsheviks. It seems a long way

round.

"Lastly, we have the absolute non- restaters, Canon Sheppard and Lansbury.

"These are plous men, but would lend us to ruin, oven surely than the others.

Mr.

THE ONE WAY TO PEACE

are

Mr. A. M. Wall, secretary of British

Equity, Actors

said: "We dictators. From The against ali

they they standpoint of British citizens more are all bud.

Their plants for us all to prostrate on our faces and see what

Д

war.

"Fazeism or Nazism, or any other leism which seeks to force itself upon free people by violence means civil

There was

an interruption. Slr Walter Citrine pointed out to the Interrupter: "You have not heard ull Mr. Wall has to say."

over

the dictators will do to 14. "AL

moment when all Europe even children re being taught compulsorily to play their men actually war, these part in boust that they are persunding more young men every week to vow that they will not fight for any cause than the Secretary for War can recruit for

our modest little army.

"What a freak show!

"What a pity the Crystal Palace

has been burnt down."

"Is it not time for the free nations!

Mr. Wall: "I don't obfeet to in- terruptions. It is the outward ex- pression of the freedom are enjoy In this country.”

There were cheers and laughter. A CLASH OF IDEAS

The Earl of Lytton said: "There is -the Liberal (I use the word in a real danger at this moment-greater non-political sense) Parliamentary than many people realise of a new democracles, great or small-lo take war, not about dynasties, or rights, or all the necessary measures to place territories-things which can be arbi- and trated about-but war arising from a themselves in

state of se

security and a state of adequate defence, not only clash of opposing political ideas held as to amount to a for their own safety, but also that so passionately

> they may hold aloft those beacon religion. lights of freedom, which will carry their rays of hope and encouragement to the thinkers and the tollers in every land?

That kind of conflict is almost Impossible to submit to arbitration. "We seek no Interference in the internal affairs of other States as we "Must the Liberal democracies re-will tolerate no interference in our main helpless spectators of the con-own. But if, because Jews are perse- flagration and carnage?

"I wish we were strong enough to bring this slaughter to a clośc.

"I we are powerless to-day-too weak, too cast down, it is our own fault.

"We have not kept our lamps burn- ing for the call. Other calls may come. Let us prepare.

SIR WALTER'S CHOICE

cuted elsewhere, any group of people think they are justified in persecuting them here, we support the Govern- ment in using any powers to prevent such an offence against. personal ilberty..

"Outside our own country, we stand, in Mr. Churchill's words, for strong collective defence against any aggresolution in support of the ob- jects of the meeting was carried with One solitary voice-out of 10,000-

Sir Walter Citrine, generat seere cheers. tury of the trades Union Congress, who presided, said: "If I have to|was raised against it..

!

London-In Five Million Words FIVE million words will be

written about London beford the gigantic survey undertaken by the London County Council, begun in 1912, is completed.

Only a third of the 50 ponderous volumes contemplated have, so fu been published.

11

10s

One. volume per year has been the average output, and the rost of compiling

volume Intterly bern about £8DU: Antiquaries, archivologists and his- orlans are giving the London Survey Committee their voluntary services n speeding up the work.

66

BRITAIN'S

HERITAGE”

AS A FILM Entertainment for Coronation Time

By A Film Critic

A realistic and ambitious film

period, is to be made for the Coronation

Permission for pictures to be taken of the Coronation Throne, of the gardens of scenes in Buckingham Palace, of the Stone of Seune, and of the King's nero- plane have been granted by the King himself.

All services in connection with the film have been given without profit, and the proceeds are to go towards the King George V. National Memorial Fund.

The picture, which is called “Our

Royal Heritage," will be shown us a

in

feature production and as seven one- reel pictures, each under a "Heritage' Lille. They are "Heritage of the Soil," "of Defence,*

""of the Sea," "of the Air." "of Industry," "of Hap-

"Home" piness," and "of the

THE THRONE MOVED

West- For taking the scenes minster Abbey, the Coronation Throne είπιο for was moved for the first hundreds of years. It is believed to be the first time in this country that been granted Royal

co-operation has in the production of a film.

ctor of the picture is Mr. The director Widgey Newman. Units for taking scenes in different parts of the Em-

valled

the pire have

equivalent of mes round the world, and have four times

million feet of film. exposed

Co-operation has been given also by the Admiralty, the War Onice. the Air Ministry, the Lord Mayor of

the Office of London,

Works, and many other private companies and organisations. A steel foundry in Lincolnshire, Scunthorpe,

closed down for a day while alming was in pro- received and 2,000 gress,

workers filming. full pay during

Among the most interesting scenes will be those of the changing of the Guard, photographed from Bucking- ham Palace, the Palace Gardens," photographed for the first time, and those

at the farm on the estate of the Duchy of Cornwall.

YEAR II OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

Mussolini Starts A

Starts A New Calendar To Celebrate Ethiopian. Conquest

Rome, January 1.)

The year just expired witnessed the foundation of a new Roman Empire.

Henceforth Italian calendars will designate 1936 as "Year I of the Empire.'

73

The dogged will and determined courage of Premier Benito Mussolini, in face of international opposition, gave Italy its new empire. Upon King Victor Emanuel the Italian dictator conferred the title of Emperor of Ethiopia and upon himself the title of Empire Founder.

Italy's conquest of Hailic,000 tons of war vessels in the Mediter- rancan and it looked as though a war Selassic's hordes, initiated on

between England and Italy was in- October 3, 1935 and completed evitable.

Feeling in Italy was bitter against on May 5, 1936. added 350,000

Englund and the resentment continued square miles of territory to smoulder until the Lengue lifted

to Italy's possessions. Three times sanctions some two months after the the size of Italy, this rich ter- end of the war. ritory has a population of 8,000,-

and unlimited 1000

natural

resources.

When sanctions were

"

fled on July 15th, Italy prepared to resume its old position in European affairs, but found England and France still smarting from the humiliations Incensed at Britain's and France's Number 1 event of the year, there they had received.

to failure

"foregive fort was the conquest of Ethiopia.

and

forget, settlement of Number 2 event was Italy's alliance Mussolini promoted with Germany. The latter develop the long quarrel between Germany ment was brought about by England's and Austria and then proceeded to and France's bitter opposition to Mussolini's colonial war in violation make friends with Germany. At first Mussolial only flirted with Germany of the League Covenant

This year, which has proved so in the hope that England and France would settle old differences with himn lucky for Italy, did not begin so pro-in a friendly manner. Falling in this pitiously for Mussolini and his Black a Shirt Legions. At the close of 1935 Mussolini, on October 20th, proceeded his armies in Africa were hundreds to sign sweeping agreements with

their foreign polleles. of miles from Addis Ababa, the Germany, which Intimately linked League of Nations was threatening an oil embargo and the gold reserve of the Bank of Italy (because of sanction of Ethiopin and they to-day form tlons) were fast dwindling.

Mussolini threatened military re- sistance which would have meant war in Europe if the League carried out its project for an oil embargo against Italy.

Millions of Italians came to the

Germany, Austria, Hungary and Albania, recognized Italy's annexu-

in

a block of 125,000,000 eltizens opposed Lo

spread of communism the Europe.

MUSSOLINI WOOS ENGLAND

Mussolini virtually took Italy out of the League of Nations in October when the League refused to unseat of the Treasury by the Ethiopian delegation. Italy has tributing their gold wedding rings and not omeinlly

but officials resigned, trinkets to provide gold for war pur- chases. The amount received has say they have no intention of return-

ing until the League expels the Ethlo been published, but it is be- pian and shows signs of becoming o

rescuc

nevelded the government over a

dangerous financial crisis and united the country against its enemies as it never has been united since the advent of Fascism.

The African campaign had reached War Communique Number 65 when the present year dawned There was talk of offensives on both the northern and southern fronts, and rumours of the possibility of war in Europe.

On January 12th General Rudolfo Graziani initiated his offensive on the southern front and on January 22nd captured Naghill. A few days Inter.

Qis January 25th, Marshal Pietro Badoglio started his offensive on the northera front and after four days fighting routed the Ethiopians in the Battle of the Tembien, killing 5,000 of the enemy.

HAILLE SELASSIE DEFEATED The first

of February was Part spent in large scale preparations for new advances on both fronts, while he League of Nations was hestlating over the application of an oil embargo, The United States adopted an in- dependent policy of neutrality and for the League abandoned its plans new sanctions. The Italians were

re grateful to Washington; and doubled efforts to finish the war us soon as possible. Covers

The first three reels deal with the history of the land, the Army, Air Force, and Navy defence, and to the sea; while the fourth covers the air progress from the first fight made by man to the anticipated Transatlantle air service,

of Industry," "Heritage progress from the early fint-knup ping to the modern production of devoted to steel. The alxth reel, "Happiness," deals with sport of all kinds, and the last traces the history of the English home from the mud- hut to the modern flat.

Another film, which is to be made from actual scenes in the Abbey, In the Palace, and on the procession route, is under consideration by the Coronation Commitee.

THE EXPANDING

UNIVERSE.

RHODES LECTURER ON RECENT DISCOVERIES

Oxford, Dec. 21. Dr. Edwin Hubble, of Mount Wilson Observatory, wound up his Rhodes lectures in the Milner Hall of Rhodes House this evening by observing that recent discoveries offered a choice small expanding universe between and a

a universe of Immense but un- known dimensions plus a new prin- ciple of Nature.

It was possible that the theory might be generalised to include new models. Otherwise the probabilities at the moment seemed to favour the greater universe, although a definite choice would doubiless await more powerful methods or still greater telescopes.

HAVE YOU TRIED AN ICED

MUSCELLO

MADE FROM THE PURE JUICE OF

SUN-RIPENED

A

GRAPES

WATSON'S PRODUCT.

at

more

"realistic" ingliution.

summer Mussolini made During the summer several bids for the return of normai relations between England and Italy, climaxing them with a peace appeal in his speech in Milan on November 1st. This speech brought a response from England and at the present time the two nations are negotiating an accord on the Mediterraneah.

a

The civil war in Spain has brought with crisis in Italy's relations Russia and France. Italy and Ger- many have taken a definite position against the establishment of a Red Republic in any part of Spain and after recognising Franco's govern ment they have been encouraging the final victory of the nationalist forces. Both Italy and Germany simultane- ously recognised Franco's government un November 18th.

Not Equal To It?

In the middle of February General Badoglio met and after five days nghting defeated as Mulughicia und his horde of 00,000 warriors, killing about 6,000. He followed up this victory on February 29th with Second Battle of the Tenbien, routing Rases Kassa and Seyoun in which the Ethiopians lost almost 15,000 men.

The morale of the Ethiopians was shaken and the Italians prepared dur ing March for new advances on all fronts. On March 31st Badoglio initiated an offensive

Läke Aschlonghi against the Ethiopians Do you actively participate in out- personally led by Haille Selassie door games, or are you merely a The Emperor was badly defeated and spectator? Perhaps you do not feel fed toward Dessie, leaving 7,000 men equal to much strenuous effort, and, on the battlefield.

sometimes wonder enviously why On April 1st another Italian column others seem so much more energetic occupied Gondar and by April 4th all and enthusiastic over everything they

do: Actually,

the the Ethiopian forces on the northern do.

reason

may front were in full retreat. On April far to seck. Were you to have your 15th the Italians occupied Dessie, blood tested you would find that the former headquarters of the Emperor's red-corpuscles are low in count, and northern army, arid by April 28th that there is a shortage of haemoglo the Italians were in completo control bin therein, in

uras your other words of the Lake Tana region.

Iron blood lacks

and oxygen. At the end of April Graziani look Health, energy and strength all des Sassabenel and crushed Ras Masibu, pend upon an adequate supply of while Badoglio was pushing south-rich, red blood, so you should take ward from Dessle toward Adis Ababu, steps at once to remedy the deficiency. After wallowing through mud and A course of Dr. Williams' Pink Fills bumping over roads unit even for will do this, just as it has done for camels, Badoglio, in the afternoon of countless other debilitated mich and May 5th, entered Addis Ababa to find women the world over. The testi- that the Emperor nlready had fled the mony of these grateful people pró- country,

vides indisputable evidence of "the With the occupation of Addis Aba-health and strength restorative value ba, Mussolini called the nation into of this renowned blood and the public squares and unnounced: tonle. "Ethiopia is Italian." The rejoicing continued throughout the night.

not be

nerve

до

For all health troubles resulting from impoverished blood, such On May 9th the victory was con- anaemia, digestive disorders, nervous solidated with an announcement of debility, rheumatism, back. palno, the annexation of Ethlopin and the proclamation of King Victor Emanuel emaciation, premature ageing, and especially the periodical' silments of as Emperor of Ethiopia,

women, thero ir nothing · surpassing The war had lasted hardly seven in efficacy. Dr. Williams Pink Pills, months and had cost Italy the lives Equally good for both sexes and all of about 3,000 men, Even the most ages, the fliis may be given with optimistic experts had predicted it excellent beneficial results to grow- would take Italy at least two years ing boys and girls who are not to conquer Ethiopia.

The annexation of Ethiopia severely thriving us they should. Chemists hilmiliated England which throughout everywhere can supply

the conflet and oppoered Italy's cam- Dr. Williams Pink... Pills. palen. At one ilme during the war England concentrated more than 600,-

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