THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBE 28, 1936.
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WEDNESDAY, OCT. 28, 1936.
BROADCASTING
AND PEACE Whilst the spread of radio {communication, has been a big factor in the dissemination of news to the far corners of the earth, side by side with its de- velopment in this respect there has sprung into being an almost universal series of wireless sta- tions devoted for the most part to nothing else but propaganda. As a consequence, not only is it increasingly difficult to sift fact from fiction, but much of the propaganda matter sent out by [certain countries is definitely in- flammatory in character, often resulting i straining the rela tions between The nations concerned. This danger is fully [appreciated by the League of Nations, which has just been considering a draft Convention on the subject of international broadcasting. This was pre- pare for it originaly in 1934 by
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since undergone considerable criticism at the hands of States members of the League of Na- tions and non-member States as well. It was placed-in u finally revised form before the League's Assembly at its 1935 Session and referred by it for examination to the ad hoc conference mentioned above. The Convention provides that signatory Governments shall, on the negative side probi- bit teir broadcasting stations from transmissions (a) that might incite the population of another signatory's territory to acts incompatible with that, ter- ritory's security, (b) that might incite to war, (c) that might prejudice good international understanding (e.g. by wilfully incorrect statements, etc.) and,
In Greece, today, a man who, a year ago, was an exile from his country is king, with those picturesque. ly clad soldiers as his own Royal Guard. Government is by dictatorship. Athons is
■ City of Whispers. But...
G
ATHENS.
ENERAL METAXAS' Greek Dictatorship.
only seven weeks old, already looks as if it were going to be the shortest- lived of all Europe's Fascist regimes.
And when It falls, King George, Icso than a your restored to his throne, la likely · to fall with it.
This is my conclusion after a visit here, in the course of which I have talked to political Bgures of every chat of opinion.
"A few months, at the outside, is the longest life I can give the dictatorship." it high official DI the Greek Labour Party,
and founder of the Republic which died last autumn, told me, în an cxclusive interview which ho risked arrest by giving. He was the first Greek Opposition lender who had dared to break silence since the setting up of the authori- tarian Government,
*The Metaxas Government has no support among the people: little even in the army." he said, "It has against it all the Greek tradition of free speech and dis- cussion.
King George, who promised, on his return, to observe the rules of constitutional monarchy. has broken his word in permitting it to be installed. He may find that his breach of faith will cost him dear,"
Most disturbing aspect of the dictatorship in Deneral Metaxas' undoubted desire to break with the Balkan Entente-Greece, Jugoslavia, Turkey and Rumania and link up as an ally with Italy. There are, to say the least, indi- cations that Mussolini was behind the coup d'état by which the General scized unchecked power.
But wore it not for the veil of
CENERAL METAXAS. Promier-Dictator for Savon Weeks
The Greeks Have Two Words For It.
HOW LONG?
censorship that has fallen over the whole Greek Press, the reign of terror that has turned Athena into a city of whispers and aide- long glances, 1 15 doubtful whether Metaxas could last more than a few hours,
the Estimates of
number of people arrested and deported 10 the islands since his coup of August 4 vary from 000 to 4,000. And in addition to those actually imprisoned, scores of others
against whom nothing could bo proved have been taken to the police stations and man-handled or dosed with enstor oll,
On such a mere suspielen, the editor of one of the most distin- guished Athens newspapers was taken from his home, cruelly beaten by the poller, and only set free because, after turning his house upside down, they could find nothing against him.
And arrests. can be made and houses broken into at any hour of the day or night with no need for a warrant.
Telegrams abroad are censored, naturally, but not only telegrams. Seventy per cent. of letters cent abroad. I am credibly informed, are now being opened.
A new decree, issued a few days ago, compels the sender of a letter to a foreign country to write his name and address on the back flap of the envelope. The Idea is to help the censors in their work-and it this rule is not obeyed, the letters are detained at the end-letter office.
This message could never have been sent from Greece. I had to travel to Albania to dispatol 1.
Telephone calls to countries out- aide Greece are, of course, inter- rupted and overheard. But so pre calla even within the country.
The Athens correspondent of
says Ronald Matthews
Havas, the French newsagency. was telephoning some days ago to the French Legation to'give them. the day's news when his line was cut off. It was not till a diplomatic protest had been made that he was restored to the telephone.
Proofs of every story that appears In the newspapers have first to be submitted to the censorship, and the Government also issues in- structions to editors on the sub- Jeets on which they must and minst not comment,
回
What is disquieting is that the nature of these instructions points plainly to a desire to suppress all nows that might redound to the credit of Greece's Balkan Aliles. Thus the Press was told to say nothing of King Edward's visit to Istanbul, and nothing of a report that Premier Blum, of France, was also going there.
be presented under the most favourable light.
It comes as n shock to an Englishman, however, to discover that General Metaxas might never have carried out his coup if he had not been convinced that in any Iuture line-up of the European Powers Britain would be on the side of Germany and Italy.
□
Many Athens Socialists believe. too, that the Foreign Offies regards the new regime with benevolent tolerance, to say the least. C
What, besides the influence of Italy and Germany-for General Metaxaa is surrounded by violent pro-Germans - lles behind his action of August 4, when he dis- solved Parliament, proclaimed martial Inw, banned political parties and abolished freedom of Apeech?
"Almost nothing but personal ambition." my informant told "The General claimed that me. he had to act to avert a Com- But at the last munist revolt. elections, less than a year ago, the Communists gained only 70,000 voles out of a total of more than 1,200,000.
"What in fact had frightened him was that the Venizelist and Tsardarist Parties, who had been at loggeriicads since her King re- turned, had come to an agreement two days before he carried out his coup.
"This agreement would have re-. sulted in the formation of a coall-
A few days before he took power, General Metaxas declared: "1 re- Iuse to be a party to any alliance that is going to come under the Influence of Russia""a" clear bittion-Government and the hurling at the Balkan Entente.
of the General from the Premier- ship.
The day after the coup d'état, Mussolini's Minister in Athens offcially instructed the Athens representative of Stefan, the Italian news agency, that the new Oreek regime was consistently to
Anonymous Letter Writers
on the positive side, shall ensure PE other day I met the widow of especially in times of crisis, the a man hanged for murder. Years
cerning
Durnig the hearing of a case
chinations of on anonymous letter- by one of the witnessos.
writer..
She is living miles from those scenes which can only have the most dreadful memories för her. She has
The Ex-Convict's Past
An ex-convict, determined to go.
straight, was holding down a good job in the belief that no one from the past was likely to disturb him. One day he opened a letter which told him only too bluntly that someone knew just who he had been. "Does your boss know?" asked the writer. Ministers and welfare workers all
To his credit, the man did not hest- changed her name. Bravely, she has have stories to relate of the tragedy tate: He went at once to his employ- brought up her child in ignorance of which can be wrought in family feer and told him, the truth. The em- the father's fate. the blue, have come letters to taunt by the sudden opening of a letter ployer was sympathetic and told him her with the fact that she was the bearing no sender's name and ad- not to worry but to carry on with his
dress,
And now, out of
wife of callous murderer. On my
advice, she has gone to the police,
work.
accuracy of the information con- have elapsed since the husband ex- at the Supreme Court this wock, plated his crime upon the scaffold, international relations but the wife's life to-day is being the Chief Justice made reference broadcast within their territories, made it veritable hell by the mito a threatening letter received and shall help each other by pincing at the disposal of other signatory Governments informa- tion for broadcasting calculated to promote better knowledge of the civilisations and conditions of life of their respective countries. It is recognised that it is the spirit rather than the letter of
Then, the anonymous writer, with this Convention that will give
An inquest was held recently on a healthy life to broadcasts in-
but they seem powerless to trace the young wife who had thrown herself diabolicu! cunning, begun sending communications to all his work- source of these dastardly communica- in the river rather than face the fumates, asking them how they liked tended for foreign countries or tlons.
ture with the whole secret. of her
rubbing shoulders with a man from for the explanation to fellow The writer is showing deliberated, and perhaps she was silly not to exposed. It was not so very
Dartmoor. He had to give up his country-men of conditions cunning through his metlinds in post-have told her husband in the first job, and he is back in prison to-day: |abroad. It is hoped that the ing his epistles. The post-mark is place. In all probability it would: The unknown figure who brought
Convention will be signed by a
never the same. Fortunately they
no difference to their that about in free. Perhaps, some- have made large number of countries,
have so far always been letters, but ultimate happiness, but she was fear-, Dody else's life is being ruined by the 219 the wretched woman is living in an
agony of suspense, She is terrified ful that it would.
For yours a
young man had striver lest the writer shall pen his foul mes- Before her marriage she had borne to perfect a patent. At last with snges on open post cards for all the an illegitimate child. Without think- justifiable pride he took. It to the world to read, and through which the ing of the consequences, che had told chairman of a large company. The child may learn the terrible truth her husband that she had been mar- firm became interested in the inven
lion. but
Just as they were about to a widow on the marriage} certificate. After only a few months an anonymous note. It war the
warned of joy an anonymous letter shattered firm about dealing with the young her whole sense of security. The man. It insinunted that he had stajen first letter was followed by other the whole idea. The youth was by fear, she threw herself upon the there was no truth in the suggestion. until, almost driven out of her mind shown the letter and he awore that:
waters of the river rather than upon But the seed of doubt had been the love and sympathy of the man sown. Rather than have any dim-
culty, the firm dropped the matter.
that will give the maximum bene- ficial result, but it is pointed out that, even if only a few adopt and apply it, its results will be
self as
same pen.
profitable for them. Disputes about the man she still calls "daddy.".ried previously. She described herke in offer the chairman received fare certain to occur in the inter-
pretation of a Convention that Rarely Discovered
from the very nature of the sub-
ject must be somewhat vague, Never have anonymou28 lelter- and provisions are therefore made to-day. Hardly a week passes with
writers been so rampant as they are for reference of such disputes as out the police being called upon to cannot be decided between the investigate the source of scurrilous Governments themselves to the and unsigned letters. Low as n | International Committee
blackmailer may be, there does come she had married, Intellectual Co-operation or even
a time when he gives the authorities Woe bellde those who have com- some lead by which they can trup mitted some wrong, never mind how No One Safe in the last resort to the Per- him. But the anonymous letter- much they may have redeemed thu manent Court of International writer remains hidden in the back-past-if their secret is known to Justice.
ground, and it is rarely that he is un-
someone who loves.' to Indulge bis masked.
• queer laste by wrlling anonymously,
.on
What specimens of humanity are they who, write these damning un- (Continued on Page 4.)
"He therefore got hold of King George and persuaded him that the safety of his throne depended on the continuance of a Motaxus Government
7
"But when I and other political Icaders saw the King after the coup and pointed out how ridiculous was the supposed Communist danger. I have never seen a man so embar- rassed in my fo."
General Metaxas has admitted that he plans to set up "corporative Slate on the German and Italian model. But, my informant painted out,
there Is one big differ- ence between him and itler or Mussolini.
"The German and Italian dieta- ́tors." he said, " came to power with the mass support of a big Party. In the Parliament which he dissolved General Metaxas had Just five sup→ · porters,"
And even those five supporters, as another source told me, have now abandoned him. "The coup only
Labour succeeded." the leader went on. “because it look the Greek people by surprise. And resistance to it is delayed simply. because, on account of the censor- ship,
no one knows what is going
01.
But already there are signs that .popular patience is becoming ox- hausted by the dullness of the emasculated, Preas and the se- quence of arbitrary arrests,
General Metaxas received bis military education in Germany. He was Greek Chief of Staff in 2014, and helped to sway King Constan- tine against the Allies.
"The General cost Constantine his place, a man in the street samined R up to me. “Pretty xoan he's going to cost this mati his, too."
Wags' Corner: TWO goalkeepers were arguing about the hard shots they had stopped. "Well," said one, “I remember when Duster of the Rangers shot' tromi ne penalty, and the ball hit me, and
"And knocked you through the net, I suppose!"
*Not only that! I had to pay 'n bok to get back into the ground."
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