1936-09-15 — Page 6

Hongkong Telegraph 港電新報 士蔑新聞 All

THE HONGKONng Telegrafii, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1936.

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TUESDAY, SEPT. 15, 1936,

TWO LAW-ABIDING NATIONS

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Thus

a steady stream of cases flows to the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague for settlement. It is not generally realised

concerns

that some

T

OURS is the

POPULAR

HERE is to-day much talk of the need for the formation of a " Popular Front," by which is meant some kind of union be- tween all Left" forces. There is also a very vigorous propa- ganda for the, affilation of the Communist Party to the Labour Party so as to form n "United Front."

For this there are several reasons.

The achievements in France nud Spain have struck the public imagination. Then the steady deterioratlan in foreign affales has brought home many the danger of another world war and the need for all men and women of good will to unite to prevent this catas- trophe. And there is a realisation of the fate which has overtaken other democratic movements be- cause of their inck of unity.

In considering this question we should beware of too readily draw- Ing facile analogies from what has happened elsewhere in conditions very different from these that ob tain here and of assuming too close correspondence between parties of the same name in difer- ent countries. There is no settled pattern in politics adaptable to all nations.

IN

N France there has been for years a situation where no one Party could get a solid majority. Ministries are formed by alliances between numerous groups and sel- dom last long. There is a strong Communist party and a dangerous Fascist movement.

The backbone of the country is the peasantry, whose political allegiance is still largely to a num- which ber of political groups Intervene between the Left" and the "Right." There has always been considerable fluidity in party Rmilations.

of the The electoral system second ballot favours at once the formation of groups and their coalescence into temporary ́alli- ances for mutual support. No one of these conditions is present here. except the existence of a Liberal- ism which, divided into groups. oscillates uneasly between Labour and Conservatism.

W

always return to a Two-Party system, Communism is very weak. Fascism is a foreign import which is not attractive to the genius of the British people.

The Labour Party, by its strength in the country and in Parliament, is in a position to challenge re action and to demand the conf- dence of the country. Our system of election and the democratic

To-day's Thought- PEACE te berty in tran-

quillity.

CICERO.

FRONT

says the

Right Hon.

C. R. ATTLEE

#Leader of the Labour Party.)

structure of the Labour Party are inimical to the formation of eretofal alliances.

But while rejecting analogies from other countries, it would be 2 mistake to ignore the public opinion which is at- tracted by the idea of unity on the Left." Proposals with that end in view should be con- sidered on their merits without overstressing the past or over insistence on a rigid ortho- doxy.

There are possible situations in which it might be right and expedient for the Labour Party to join forces for the time being with those outside its ranks in order to prevent some great evil. An imminent threat of war or the danger of an overthrow of demo- eratic

obvious Institutions are instances.

SUCH

UCH action would have to be taken with great circumspec- tion lest in striving to preserve what we prize we actually lost it. It is a risky business to try to drive out Satan by the use of Beelzebub,

This demand for a popular front often amounts to no more than a request that the Labour Party should put Socialism into cold storage and adopt a Liberal plat- form. Such a desire a quite natural in Liberals.

A more intelligent suggestion is that there should be an agree- ment on some kind of four or five years programme which, while directed towards Socialism, would secure the Kupport of non- Socialists and a union of forces to achieve this objective.

It is right and necessary that we -should make clearer than before our list of priorities, so that people may see clearly the steps which we intend to take, but this programme one of "first things must be first."

It must be designed to lay the foundations of a Socialist society. It must not be a watering down of

"I cannot separate Socialism and Peace. I cannot agree to form

a Popular Front on Peace without Socialism."

our programme in order to win adherents.

Government is not a matter of major measures only. A Bocialist Administration must inform its whole work with the Socialist spirit. It must therefore be able to rely on steady support from day to day.

This requires a high degree of cohesion

ranks. in its

The presence of doubtful nilies on the anka may easily mea disaster.

fact, the creature of another Gov. ornment. It obeys an external authority.....

cannot unite

The Communist with the Labour Party and accept the conditions of membership. He has another loyalty. He may at any time receive orders that comi- pel him to bless that which he has been

that cursing, and curso which he has been blessing. part of a united front, therefore, his loyalty is uncertain, depending not on his judgment, but on orders

He claims, too, the right to be- long to the Labour Movement. while at the same time being free to advocate methods and policies allen to it. The result can only be to confuse the people,

A united front with the Camfrom abroad. munista offers similar dificulties. Setting aside the fact that it would not bring any appreciable numbers to the aid of Labour, it is clear that any demand for seats would have to be met from Labour's total, for there is no body of Communist voters whose support would, as it did in France, affect the issue in Com- constituencies. doubtful munist aid, where not actually harmful, has only the negative value of removing a source of irri- tation,

OF

F far greater import- ance, however, is the status of the The Communist Party Itself.

Labour Party is based on de- mocracy, on the free union of self- governing organisations.

The Communist Party, on the other hand, owes allegiance to the ' Third International, which is, in

I WOULD WELCOME WAR

By A Young Man of Twenty-One

FROM what I can gather, the young NOT DISILLUSIONED

men of 1914 halled the outbreak of war with enthusiasm.

In the

I have already observed that the

LOVE OF DANGER

In every generation the spirit of

sixty cases have come before the Court since it was set up by the League of Nations. The latest between 3 quarrel Holland and Belgium with regard to the Albert Canal, an important. Belgian waterway which curves Every near the Dutch frontier. boy and girl-at-school-realises the importance of the canals of the Netherlands. Any factor which governs the economic life of na- serious Chater Road. tions is potentially a

source of friction. It will not do for us to dismiss a canal in Bel- gium as a trivial cause of dis- turbance. We can conceive of war being fought about the Sucz Canal or the Panama Canal. The case of the Albert Canal is not strictly parallel, but there can be no doubt that it is arousing anxious feelings between Holland and Belgium. The present situa- tion is that the Belgians have been undertaking certain works on the Albert Canal. The Dutch feel that their interests are being adversely affected and that, moreover, the Belgian attitude is mighty wave of patriotism which young man of to-day has no first-youth has been symbolised in a love contrary to the terms of a 78-swept the country they joined up in hand knowledge of war and must of adventure and danger, and such this spirit expresses itself in a quest year-old treaty between the two thousands. If they were too young glean his information from the books is the case to-day. In modern times countries. It is obvious that. in they led unblushingly, and if reject- of those who have, Most of such for greater and greater speed on land ed in one place because of health books have, been written by those and in air. Fire the youth of to-day some parts of Europe, such a

impairment they tried somewhere who came back sick and disillusion with a conviction of a rightful cause is no less deficient in courage on the clash of opinion would be fraught | else. The whole thing, in fact, was ed, and were written as a kind of and he is prepared to show that he

battlefield. with grave danger to inter- regarded as the great adventure of anti-war propaganda.

In my own ease, however, and 1

And coupled with the spirit of national peace. Fortunately both their lives, and they enjoyed to the

have read scores, I must confess that romance and adventure there is the Holland and Belgium have signed full the role of public heroes, the optional clause", by which

We know that many came back they have failed in their object. feeling of unrest which has always

capture perhaps never no much as to-day. they and forty other nations have from the war crippled or blinded for Between the lines of even the most been characteristic of youth, and

the of

romantic, In my own case, for example, I mutually agreed in advance to life, many more unharmed but dis- БЕЛЬС submit all suitable cases to the illusioned, and that thousands never

I and II casy to engulf find it hard to resign myself to an came back at all. And in spite of an and World Court for settlement.

this, and in spite of all that the dis- the Iccling of horror which the, des other 50 years of the life I live to. is a soul-destroying business, and in During last month, Holland

seems that i Illusioned have subsequently anidcriptions attempt to convey, in a day. Working in an insurance office opened proceedings

The and written, I am convinced that stronger feeling that all the risic and my blacker moments.

arut from which Hague. There seems no reason there are to-day thousands of young discomfort was being suffered in a have got into

and 1 am pre- can ever get me out, to doubt that, after the evidence men who would welcome another desperate defence of everything this nothing short of a miracle or a war country among us can hardly deny pated, and I imaging there are at these are sentiments to be thousands with me, to take the on both sides has been heard by war.

In considering the reasons for this encouraged.

chance of a wor. For a while every- the the judges on the bench in the

thing will be choolie, but when Peace Palace, the verdict of the attitude we must remember first that'

To my mind, the mistake which war is over a new scheme of things Court will be freely accepted by the young man of 21 was born in the two parties. Disputes of the middle of the last war and knows most of these books make is to lay will emergo which will surely hold

life in the trenches. In reading of It is futile to argue

that

a week In this character are, of course, nothing at first hand of all its most of the stress on the horror of something better for me personally.

such things, the young man fcola the trenches.would alter my views or eminently suitable for submission horrors. to the Permanent Court. The

For other reasons we must try to proud of the previous generation, but that the next war will be on such a nity is that matters of event analyse the youthful mind. This Is pride in nof unmixed with scale that nothing at all will emerge. With youth these arguments will never count. This graver concern are not more have tried to do in my own and other jealousy that he should be denied a generally disposed of In this cases, and have come to the con- similar opportunity to prove his

I agree that this is rank selfahness, manner. Wider general acclusion, that youth is essentially worth. When in this frame of mind captance of arbitration when dis-romantic, adventurous, and unrestful, it cuts no fee to point out to him that but I make no apology, because youth and dangerous. Indeed, you are remains that in my present attitude putes occur which might possibly and though there is nothing new in his like at the front will be miserable has ever been selfish, and the fact lead to war would be a great stop any of these discoveries, think they merely challenging him to prove his and with my present outlook on life, forward in the preservation-of go far to explain the attitudo of worth, and he will jump at the first I would welcome wor the peace of the world.

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I

HOLD that, in the pre- sent state of the world it is coon- Lial that there should be close concert between the social demo- cracies of Europe, Britain, France, the Scandinavian and other States on the one hand, and Boviet Russia on the other: --

This co-operation for Socialism and Peace must rest on a frank recognition of the right of So- cialists in each country to adopt the methods that seem best to them.

We should not interfere.. with Soviet Russia's internal organisa- tion or in France's Popular Front. They know their own business best. But also we must claim the same right to manage our own- affairs.

The existence in this country of a body which, drawing support and owing allegiance to another coun- try, forma a focus of disruption by the advocacy of methods unsuit- able to our people, weakens inter- national co-operation.

In my vlow, the Labour Party offers a policy which deserves the support of all Socialists and of all those who desire peace.

I cannot separate Socialism and Peace. I cannot agree to form a Popular Front on Peace without Sociallam.

I am 1 belleve in democracy. unwilling for the sake of a nominal

unity to sacrifice democracy. The choice before the people of this country lies between continuing their adherence to an outworn economic system which expresses itself in foreign politics in im- porialism and, therefore, ultim- ately in war, and in accepting frankly the need for Bocialism on British lines.

AND

Socialism must be achieved by methods according with the tradition of this country, expressing itself in foreign policy in the deliberate attempt to build up a world co-operative common- wealth based on freedom and social justice.

The Labour Movement is the popular front. We ask all men and women of good will to unite them- selves to it..

Wags' Gorner

Dai and B, unemployed Welsh miners, decided to trump the country. through a small town when Bill drew Dai's attention to a notice outside the in search, of jobs. They were passing

church Sale of Work,"

Well," said Dal, it seems we cAIL go back home. They make you buy the stuit up hero."-

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