1936-09-01 — Page 10

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THE

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER

1936.

THE NEVER-ENDING SPANISH DOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES

TRAGEDY

A Hundred Years Of Chaos, Massacre, Cruelty

By C. A. LYON

W

OULD you hear the

When you look in detall at the wickednesses, the unfaithfulnesses,

story of the Great the murders, shootings, tortures that have been Spain's lot since 1800 they Spanish Tragedy?

scem enough to kill one's faith in

How રી world Power "progress" for ever

crumpled up like

building

dust?

a dissolving

Indeed, the history of Spain since lofty the begining of the nineteenth cen- intour has in some ways been almost

that of a savage nation.

Why has it all been?

BY the year 1800 Spain.

once mistress of halt

How a cultand nation relapsen inte such barbariam (and that day- ing the "enlightened" nineteenth century) that a sober historian has said the Tuareg tribes of the Rahara could not have acted more the world, was hanging together only by the sheer force of tradition and cruelly towards each other?

It was like a habit.

very delicate How

the fellow-countrymen of ng-sugared Christmas enke, and as Velazquez, El Greco, Cervantes

teendes committed on as any one gave it a jar it would have in a few

ugh sickening cruelties against fail to bits. each other 10 dursten the whole world?

I suppose the

has a vague idea

"a lot of revolls."

it was centuries behind the times. and it had never been modernised.

When Napoleon's The jar come person that Spain is armies marched into Spain.

have freen

averatr

a place where there

THE

Its IV, would not stand up to Napo

11

OW.

Jand,

Country fell

to pieces

1906

A bomb was thrown at the wedding carriage of Alfonso XIII. —

North acknowledging Dun Carlos, leon. He ran after blin, lawned on fallowed.

It was to be the source of most of Barcelona a kind of little State on its him and gave himself up to be a

Spain's troubles, tame prisoner,

Some people wanted a kind of than A hateful war ensued. a war be-

a republic. The Spaniards were braver their king. But with the king gone tween the supporters of Don Carlos United States, others

resistance to the invader and Ferdinand's daughter, who be. Others federal cantons like Switzer- The miserable Spanish king Char- no orale. Spain was

was

land came Queen Isabella 11. where everything revolved, round Spaniard massacred Spaniard with the king's sacred person; he gave dreadful ferocity,

The palace it Madrid was at- all orders, and when he took to his

tacked.. Barcelona flared up. heels no orders could be given.

But Spaniards everywhere, high hundred people were killed in a

battle. and low, banded themselves into scenes of Jesuits and Irlars were again. Each

The country simply fell to pieces part hatt its Own duties-and in the wandering bands of free-lances, - who inflicted great injuries on the massacred at Madrid by the mobs, Customs

who believed that they had poisoned Spanish way the privates shut the French troops.

ailleers unill the oMeers could The guerrillas were patriots. But the wells on behalf of Don Carlos.

Franciscan friars were butchered at execute the privates. they owed the seeds of Spain's tra- Barcelona.

The Beet Juined forces with one There

seened to be no atrocity of the confused partisans in the that the race once renowned for struggle. chivalry would not commit.

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gedy;

When Napoleon had fallen the guerrillas and the guerrilla habit the habit of sniping, of whool- ing, of plating and secretly orgun!- slag-remained.

It remains to this day,

THE

MIE stage was all set for the great tragedy round

about 1814.

Note that:-

(1) Spaniards come together when

Scores

Five

A Government general had the mother of one of the leaders shot, and the rebels, for their part, had been shooting the wives of Royal- ist oficers. In Barcelonn the mob was allowed to break into the prison and massacre the Carlist prisoners. Husband made

a hermit

old

In the Interests of International peace the British Fleet captured it and put it in coll' storage at Gibraltar.

"But for this it seemed probable at the Ume that the world would have Been the spectacle of the Spanish Royal Navy turned buc- cancers and raiding the high seas:

The republic only lasted a matter of months.

Then the son of legbells, Alfonso XH. (whose mother was certainly

there is a common foe and quar- Some of the soldiers even tried, Isabella and whose futher-who?), rel in time of peace. They to kidnap the little queen in her was proclaimed (1875). A lot of united centuries ago to drive out own palace,

people who had telegraphed their

the Moors. To-day the Spanish Spain sow repeated in the nine- determination to defend the republic Socialists, for ever quarrelling teenth century horrors that

one with their lives forty-eight hours

are now as one man against the thought had been forgotten for ever before sent their

centuries before. rebels.

(2) The Spaniard is naturally cruel. Or at least he has always had an Indifference to pain, afinest a love of it. The early Iberiana astonished the Romans by chant-- ing their national songs when nailed to the cross. The Iberinn mothers dashed their children to tion would have been difficult in any death rather than that they case, turned out to be a queen who should be slaves. Here and shamed the throne. there in Spain one stili hears of

MIERE seemed no end to

her misfortunes.

Isabella, whose posi-

loyalty to the news $125 of

the

fighting went on as usual,

There were anarchist outrages in Industrial towns. Anarchists threw bombs into theatres. The

Government retaliated__with__tor

ture.

new

THE The parentage of her children

a brotherhood who cut them was only too much open to conjec- selves with sharp pieces of glass ture, and her scandalous method of

livng shocked Europe. repentance.

for

(3) The Spaniard is excitable. If

no

a street fight out of it.

regime lasted less than Bfty years. Here are some of the incidents during the life of Alfonso XII. and She condemned her husband to his son Alfonso XIII.

King fired at the postman only leaves a letter a hermit's life in a hunting castle

garotted, aus. Conspirators at the wrong house the Spaniards and made companions of various

pected rebel officers shot will make a polllieni quarrel and Army officers.

Attempted military Insurrec

tlan, Cartagena - Mutiny at Cartagena Revolt of Madrid garrison Barcelona under martial law 1890 General strike in Barcelona,

40 deaths Attempted assassination of King Alfonso XIII. on his wedding day

end Napoleon, t

So when the Spaniards were left chaos with no leader and with great

cause to fight for, after the of

the troubles began From that time onward, from the time of the break up of Old Spain, the unhappy peninsula became blood bath, a blood bath that went on and on and on.

a

Whithat she had the mind of u child, and the heiress to all the alately ceremonial of the Spanish monarchy made long noses at her Ministers and stuck her tongue out at them when they turned their backs.

There were risings against her In 1854. In 1837 the military lined up and shot dead ninety-eight rebels in Andalusia.

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30 Spain's unhappy story goes

Charles IV.'s son Ferdinand VII. came back to rule the seething New A priest stabbed her, but she was on to a perpetual accompaniment executions and deportations, Spain

with its 300,000 war saved by her whalebone corsets. The of. destroyed houses and its bands of priest was garotied; his body burned. through the riots over the unsuccess- of the ful Moroccan war, down to the de- In 1800, the Governor plotters and guerrillas.

with 3,000 parture of Alfonso XIII. The king was one of the worst Balearic Isles landed

male relative of Spain had ever seen. Ile amused troops to bul a himself by appointing Ministers, Isabelin's father on the throne, but Cruelty that keeping them for a week or two was defeated and (naturally) shot. and then sending them off to prison. There were revolts against him. "Exterminating

Angel"

In the middle of all this the king was preparing to send his unpaid, -ted, half-naked troops to their deaths in a colonial ex-.

They mutinied.

pedition.

A "Society of the Extermin. atlag Angel," working on behalf of the king against those who ro belled against his tyrannies, spread terror through the land.

The corpses of the king's enemies were dragged through the mud. of Madrid. Garrisona revolted. Bar celona, Valencia, Pamplona rose.

A rebel leader was taken through the streets in a basket drawn by an uss, then hanged and quartered--as in the Middle Ages.

and died.

In January 1000 there was an in- surrection at Aranjuez, sieges of. other towns, and later in the year 200, prisoners were shot following revolt in Madrid.

is a disease

Even that did not heal Spain of the great disease of her countrymen -liling each other.

1808. Insurrection of the Fleet There have been three revolts un-

Governor of Burgos mur- der the republic. dered in cathedral

more In one of them, in 1934, the fol- slaughter at Cadiz... Revolution. lowing things happened in one town:

Isabella deposed in a plot in which her own sister took part.

Inhabitants were beaten In the streets. Three men living in a house, one til in bed, were shot dead; an old man was shot before the eyes of his thirteen-year-ol

by

Government grandson

.Le troops.. THEN the crown of un-

happy. Spain was hawked Another man was flogged mer- round Europe.

cilessly; his manacled. corpse, cut to It was tried on the King of pieces, was found later.

cousin of Queen." A gipsy woman was Portugel, on a

death. Victoria, and on an Italian prince.

All of them decided it did not quite The rebels' houses had been set- Are to with petrol-soaked balls of fit them..

Eventually they found an excellent, cotton wool. Six men were machine- earnest Italien Amadeo, Duke of gunned; fourteen more collected and

to, inke, on the job. Aosta,

shot. He, slayed two years, and did not take a penny of the money voted him by the State for his trouble, be cause he knew the Treasury was in

He decided he did not like the old

FIVE

beaten

to

DIVE HUNDRED years ago the Spaniards banded.

IN this atmosphere Ferdin- low water

This made things worse. Spanish customs when his carriage together to expel, the Moors. Now Ferdinand, three times married and was fired on as he was driving to a the Spanish rebels have brought the childless, had at last married his circus, and abdleated.

own niece, and surprised the world

by becoming the father of a daughter. When he died his daughter was pro- elaimed queer but his brother, Don Carlos, claimed the throne as the male heir.

Moors back-as 3100ps to Aght the Government. The Moors have the reputation of a cruel race.

But nothing any Morrish_force does is likely to be more cruel than

CHAOS again. A republic the things. Spaniards have been do

was proclaimed. Anda Ing to Spaniards for the last century

A great breach of the royal family fusia ruled by Socialist agitators, the or so.

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