1936-08-21 — Page 22

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THE

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY, AUGUST | 21, 1936,

Ritchie CALDER

summarises the Langue of

Nations' "Interim Report of the Mixed Committoo on the Problem of Nutrition" (Allen and Unwin, 2s.)

UST as a starving man, gazing hungrily at the food he is denied, may yield to

an ungovernable impulse and smash the plate-glass win- dow, so, too, with hungry, nations craning over the bar- riers of their own economic nationalism...

But the fist which does the smashing may be the mailed fist of armed Dictatorship.

In the one case, it is called "larceny," and in the other. "economic expansion."

But in a world of abundance, the privation which drives either an individual or a nation to despera- tion in intolerable,

World Challenge

That is made abundantly plain In this report of the connnittee, of which Lord Astor is chairman und on which are represented the League of Nations Health Commit- tee. the International Labour Office and the International Insti- tute of Agriculture. The other Professor British delegate 10 Edward Mellanby, Secretary- General of the Medical Research Council.

It is a challenge to the world to and salvation in healthy, well-fed people, to "marry health to agri- culture," with Peace as the sacra- ment. It extends the British find- ings of Sir John Orr to the whole world.

"The economic interests of the community as a whole are bound. up in maintaining the standard of the Among physical efficiency people and laying the foundations of the health and well-being of generations," says the future report.

"Morcover there is a definite social and political interest in the accomplishment of this task, owing to the well-ascertained relution- ship between the deficiency of protective food, and especially of

foods, and social unrest.....

It takes as its background the policy of the International Labour Omce that "raking lving stand- ards in all countries is a condition sine qua non of social justice and peace.

"Just as there are supreme National Defence Councils and National Economic Councils, so there should also be a National Food Council....

Raise Incomes! ----- And the function of those State councils would be to see that-ade- quate food was available for every- one, watch family budgets, control food resources.

"The question of income is at the root of the workers' nutrition problem."

The report shows that what Sir John Orr showed in Britain, is

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Agencies in all priocipal towns of the world.

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TRAVELLERS' LETTERS OF CREDIT- and TRAVELLERS' CHEQUES laaved; alas. Passengers' Letter of Credit for me only an board P. O. and B.1. Steamers and at ports of Call.

Brush Income Tax Elecovered. Executorahlo and Trusteeship undertaken.

W. J. WADDINGTON,

Manager. Hongkong, 17th April, 1936,

IN LONDON

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

is on sale at

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For Advertising Rates the London Representatives

aro

REUTERS, LTD.

Advertisement Dept. 24, Old Jowry. LONDON, E.C.Z

Foir waved the golden grain

THE WORLD

Starves Its Way

true elsewhere-" The average diet of the lower income groups is in- adequate for, good health....

"At the most legislative contfo!" aims at assuring a living wage or a reasonable wage. These are concepts which assume levels of

nutrition actually existent rather

than ideal standards."

The "Depression" behind which so many Governments took refuge from the blame for social ills was not the cause of the widespread malnutrition; it only intensified the existing ill.

Adequate nutrition cannot be assured by a polley directed exclu- the sively towards countering effect of the depression....

"The main cause of malnutrition is poverty. Malnutrition can never be overcome when poverty is its principal cause, except by increas- ing the income of the pour,

"

The report argues that the price of foodstuffs could be substantially reduced by limiting the dispropor- tionate costs of distribullon.

-Starvation Facts

What a picture the report paints of a half-starved world!

Mothers dying because they have elther been denied food as chil- dren, and, through rickets, have contracted skeletons which in- crease the risks of childbirth, or because they have glven what nourishment they received to their unborn child and have no resist- ance to infection or endurance

In America, 316 out of 576 mothers suffered painful muscular soreness because they were giving out of their own bodles to their unborn children more caletun than they were getting in their dlet.

So, too, in Norway, three-fourths of the mothers were calclum dell- cient.

In London, 60 per cent. of nurs- were ing mothers examined ancomic.

Among the Infants, the League of Nations inquiry found that in- fant mortality was largely due to "the pernicious combination of poverty and ignorance."

Among the pre-school children the appears malformations of bones, abnormality of the pharynx due to bad feeding. The five-year- olds examined on entering London schools were found to have 67 per cent, to 88 per cent. abnormality

to WAR

of the bones, 67 per cent. to 32 per cent. of adenoids, septic tonsils, etc., and B8 per cent. to 93 per cent. badly formed or decayed teeth.

Damaged Goods

In an American city, 90 per cent, were found to be receiving Inade- qunte food.

"In the early stages of school- life many of the children are already damaged goods."

And then they attack the den!- behind malnutrition," tion of which the authorities have shel- tered so complacently, based on measurements and weight.

"Whereas such results of im- as subnormal feeding proper growth and weight can usually be rapidly improved by better feed- ing, the more chronic conditions cannot be so easily remedled.... Prevention rather than treatment of the disease must be more em- phatically stressed.

Even on the present basis of diagnosts there is abundant evi- dence of malnutrition-20 per cent. to 30 per cent. of the children in the poor quarters of Paris

in

Irequent in Jugoslavia.. Poland, 25 per cent, ill-nourished In certain regions, 7 per cent, of them threatened with tuberculosis, and 50 per cent., requiring addi- In U.S., 7 million tional meals children undernourished... nearly all the children of the Negro popu- lation of New York were suffering from rickets... 83 per cent. of the children of Connecticut...43 per cent, of the children in the village of North Norway... 33 to $7 per cent. In the two northern countles of Sweden."

·Recruits-

Tuberculosis is increasing among the adolescents, and particularly among young girls.

"This state of affairs has been ascribed by some to the modern habit of simning: by others to the greater expenditure dictated

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by modern habits of life on clothes, which leaves too littlo money for food...

"Whatever the explanation, It la undoubted that many adolescenta in all countries, particularly indus- trial ones, are being improperly nourished at the present time."

Boys and girls entering industry with good physique at 14 to 15 have deteriorated by 18.

In Belgium. from the examina- tion of 40,000 recruits, physical fit- ness had declined as compared with 1014.

In Denmark, a third of the re- of symptoms cruits present "Danish disease" (flat feet, vari-

cose veins, pains in the extremi- tles and cramp in the call of the leg).

In Finland. 21 per cent. of re- cruits were rejected as a result of "General malnutrition among the poorer classes."

In Poland, 50 per cent. were ro- Jected.

How can we help being alarmed when we learn that, in the army of a large European nation, the

PRESIDENT LINER

Cometimes to be burned as

furnace fuel.

proportion of men rejected has risen between 1923 and 1932 from. 45.25.to 07.78 per thousand?"

Starvation, they point out, is, rampant even in rural areas.

The Committee, among its main. interim recommendations to the Assembly, urged that Governments should-

Consider what steps should be the public taken, whether at charge or otherwise, to meet the nutritional needs of the lower in- como sections of the community:

Consider whether any modifica tion of their general economic and commercial policy la desirable to ensure adequate suppiles of food- stuffs, and, in particular, to assist the re-orientation of agricultural polley;

food

Take all possible steps to make supplies available at prices within the reach of all classes:"

-and improve Take steps to cheapen marketing and encourage collaboration between co-operative and other forms of producers' and consumers' organisations.

-Way To Peace...................

This is only a preamble to the full report, but it already points the way to the nations to a world

based economy

upon health through the proper distribution of the wealth of food and the proper organisation of agriculture; to a world peace through healthy minds in healthy bodles; to a true 20th erntury civilisation,

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