1936-08-21 — Page 18

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, Friday, AuGUST 21, 1986.

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WHAT

THE

SPANISH WAR MEANS

L

next

`EON TROTSKY onceday to send my dispatch I was able to see how in ordinary said that the

political dispute was worked up country to go Com- into the most abominable and munist would be Spain. It bitter conflict by the atrocity is obvious that before their stories told by each side against respective revolutions Rus sia more nearly resembled that country than any other

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

FRIDAY, AUG. 21, 1936.

WORLD WAR FEARS AND HOPES

the other.

***

this conflict involves you, me, and the man down the road. It may divide Europe into two sections hostile beyond all possibility of reconciliation

By

Vernon Bartlett

24

government.

**

*

will our

Com-

we have learnt to

That sort of thing is happen- ing to-day throughout Spain. on both sides crueltics are being committed which mock at the Should the rebels win, there tatorships of the Right and of pretensions of the twentieth will be a period of brutal re- the Left, are fighting it out on They both had 2 peasantry

action far exceeding the expec. the arid plains of the Spanish tations of those nice British Peninsula?. that was miserably illiterate and century to be civilised. poor, a Christianity that was If one studies the European Conservatives who have met and

The struggle is so important, often rather a superstition than Press to-day one is struck by the liked Spanish monarchists and a religion, and enormous estates tremendous discrepancies in the who know nothing of the misery art from all the bloodshed it. that were run for the benefit of reports of the Spanish civil war. of those immense devastated involves, because it will force absentee landlords to the de- triment of the men who worked Even in our own country the agricultural areas for which us to answer questions which to avoid. Is peace, in fact, im- on them.

more genteel newspapers are re- they are so gravely responsible. We have hitherto done our best ferring to those in revolt against British Conservatives would possible in a world which con- But one had not expected a regularly constituted govern have as little in common with a tains Democracy, National So- events to go so far or so quickly ment as "insurgents", rather victorious reaction in Madrid as cialism and Russian to prove Trotsky right.

than as "rebels." In the more British Liberals would have munism? Radical papers these "insur- with

victorious Communist If they are so incompatible, * *

Kents" become the worst sort of

British conceptions bullies and bandits,

of personal liberty survive, or People are always rendy in

shall we find ourselves forced in political strife to

the see all

the end to choose one of these heroism on the side with which

If, as is greatly to bo feared, other doctrines which have a It is inconceivable that we this struggle drags Herr more obvious appeal to youth they sympathise and all the atrocities on the other. They should be so decidedly taking Hitler and Signor Mussolini will because, although they limit a seldom pause to realise that all sides unless we realised that inevitably be drawn more and freedom warfare and civil warfare most this is no ordinary rebollion. more to support the rebls, and treasure, they are showing them- Will there be another world of all, since it is the least natural

We know that the Spain M. Leon Blum to support the selves so much more positive war? Despite the most uni--is a filthy business, however versal desire to the contrary, magnificent the ideals for which which will emerge from the government. This must happen and dynamic than democracy?

it is fought.

smoke of battle will be a very however scrupulous they may be there undoubtedly exists a wide-

different country from the Spain at present in withholding help. spread fear that war will some- Sixteen years ago I was with of yesterday. In its transforma- Germany would be genuinely

arouse among frightened of Communism at Or is peace, in fact, possible. how break out sooner or later in the Red Guards in Essen after tion it may

the famous Kapp Putsch, and Britons a controversy as bitter cach extremity of Europe, even between peoples whose however, Europe. Happily,

wage France would be

even more governments so differ as there are factors which suggest by crossing the firing line each as that which used to

round the mention of Russia. frightened of a Fascist dictator- those of Russia or Germany? that such a catastrophe will be

It may incline many good Eng- ship beyond her Western as well Can the knowledge that war is. ¡lish Liberals avoided. Signor Mussolini, who

towards Com-

such disastrous way of fur- thering a creed overcome the Fear is so much the father of proselytising desire to impose it

ed the view that a European

The longer the struggle lasts folly that one cannot expect on others by every method and

these two countries for long to at all costs? upheaval would pave the way to last month which appear to be the more difficult it will be for refrain from interference, open

There are still many of us Communism when the nations based respectively on two funda-people in democratic countries involved became exhausted. That mentally opposed principles.

who hold that peace is the most In to maintain that attitude of de- or secret. the first place there was the agree tachment which is now main And, indeed, why should important of all human require possibility will doubtless be

4ment between Germany, Austria and tained by those in control of they? Spain is the unfortunate ments, since war of any kind restraining element tending to Italy. On the surface this agree British foreign policy.

battlefield of two doctrines encourages the suppression of or ment should de much for the make ambitious statesmen

which are apparently so incom- liberty, tolerance and those appeasement of

it Europe as Should the Spanish Govern- patible that people who hold other qualities of civilisation. mitting any act which would tween two Great Powers. But the Right it will inevitably have to precipitate a world upheaval fact that it has not been hailed face a long and dangerous peace until the rival has been an imperative duty to swallow It is of interest to note that much with a sigh of relief is to be traced struggle with its own Left wing, wiped off the face of the earth. goud deal of our pride, to be

is fully conscious of the realities NOTES OF THE DAY munism and a few towards as her Exestern frontier.

of the situation, has just hazard-

Two agreements were reached |

Fascism.

***

FAI

do

MOUTRIE & Co., Ltd. militarists hesitate before comments, the ending of a feud be ment defcut the rebels of the Them scoff, at the idea of lusting And that, in consequence, it is

S.

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to the fact that the two Great The same note as that struck by Powers concerned had both, acl- Mussolini was recently sounded ng independently, successfully

two the

SIDE GLANCES

** *

By George Clark

And, if we are right in this bellef, are we to allow this dia- pute to drag on, to impoverish Spain for generations, and to accentuate the divergencies be- tween the political conceptions of people hundreds of miles jaway from the Spanish frontier until talk of peace conferences and international reconciliation becomes a mockery of the hopes of mankind?'

** ★

patient about a good many affronts,

tem- to accept even The personality of Senor

porary injustices in order to How can the Five-Power con- reach some arrangements that by Dr. Benes, the President of defied the forces of Law and Azana, the President of the Re-

to may be binding with nations. Order. Consequently Europe is public, may be strong enough Czerho-Slovakia, when he as-

asking anxiously whether the new to keep in existence a moderate ference to bring security

forward whose governments we despise serted that he had a strange

agreement presupes a stili more government, but there is a good Western Europe go

the according to plan if democracy and distrust, arrangements feeling that war would not break successful, because more power deal of doubt implied in

and dictatorship, or even die- which are so obviously fair and out. The reason he gave was ful, defiance of the principles of word "may."

just that the wickedest govern- Law and Order.

ment would hesitate to incur that any nation which unloosed hi

The other agreement is 11

universal hostility by breaking European war would never attain

them. its ends, for such a conflict would triumph for the forces of Law and Order, and of peaceful change by first to general chaos and international agreement. For this lead would only be the introduction reason the agreement in regard to to another and more disastrous the Dardanelles has been hailed with a sigh of relief. It is not so. war, without issue or end. Such much the contents of the agre~| a grave responsibility, Dr. Benes ment that have contributed to the thinks, no statesman could over-general satisfaction as the fact that the agreement has not been look; hence his belief that peace the outcome of resort to force or will be saved and some agreement the tearing up of treaties but of reached in concert between the reliance on the goodwill of nations Powers interested in the preser-to effect a peaceful change in the vation of European concord and existing World Order.

The nations have got to make up civilisation. This view. coming!

their mind which of these from a man of the calibre of Dr. principles shall dominate

Dr. palley of Europe. If they concede Benes, is worthy of notice. Benes has been Minister of anything to the successful aggres- Foreign Affairs for nearly twen-sor and condone every breach of a treaty, then anarchy, followed ty years; he has been described logically by war, is the prospect as being as efficient as a dynamo, before us. If on the other hand, as one who has no cant, but talks they stand firm for the principle of the sacredness of international facts; who sees Europe as a obligations in other words it whole, and whose dearest ambi-they stand firm by the principles tion is to organise an effective of the League-then there is still United States of Europe. A hope that the dreaded "next war"

may be averted. statesman of his authority and choose his foresight does not words lightly: his opinion should is their own glory. Yet, when of all the much weight.. If all the stock is takeli leaders in Europe were of his factors, there is much ground frame of mind, there would never for thinking that the worst Humanity be any fear of another world will not happen.

in general will certainly agree upheaval. Trouble, should it with Mr. Baldwin, who, when

emanate might

from addressing the Canadian pilgrims come, "statesmen" who are not states-in London recently, declared: men, who may blunder into "If Europe and the world can no other way of settling catastrophe because they have find not the first quality of true disputes than the way of war-

even now, when we are find-i

carry

LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. statesmanship, foresight, oring and burying the bodies of

who are 8o. eaten up with those who fell twenty years ago ambition that their first thought-the world deserves to perish."

"She's always telling people that we went to school together, but she never mentions that she was the teacher."

It is of no

use to pretend that this conflict is merely a domestic "ono:

It is a conflict. which involves you, me and the man down the rond. It may divide Europe into two sections. hostile beyond all possibility of reconciliation,

But it might build a bridge between thent. There is some- thing to be said for strict neutrality, There is more to be said for intervention on the side of a legally-constituted government against the threat of a military tyranny of the worst possible type.

There is still more to be suid for an attempt to get the five Powers who are supposed to col- laborate in pacifying Western Europe to make a joint appeal for a truce in Spain before the bitterness and inery of her people poison the atmosphere of Europe in which a civilised man already finds it so diffleult to, breathe.