1936-08-11 — Page 10

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ARGUMENT with "a

Gramophone"

W

renched Pyati- gorsk late in the evening and decided to cutch R

trajn from there to Kis- lovodsk. But man proposes--! Fate, or whatever is the force which controls the destiny of trains on atormy evenings, or- dained that the train should be late. A breakdown hnd oc- We eurred down the ine. apent the interval dejectedly 11 the

restaurant. station We were cold and miserable, aud the chai, or ten, which was brought to us, didn't add to our cheerfulness.

brnas Then suddenly a

bunct blared out of the platform të a Going cohtused note of anglag

I titte

found the platform euwded with young pramanta d

collective ferma. They Barting for were Kalkhozies or members of a caretive farm in the neighbour - bead, who were going to Romist another farm with ds autumus" bowrion. I looked carefully at their people. Most of them were seateels. more thin boys and gals with thi boys vastly predominal wa Tew weir older, hat they were ver

I

Badly Dressed

They eyniprked a pixture of muddy and tattered elniles, setler: bundles, and tangled hair.

They were shurkindly dressed by Britai ständnis, but I was geldlog no used to the Russian conception of drem, that this did not particu larly dismay me.

What did impress me was thele bonded enthusiasın. Thry were singing and cheering all the

One young boy, not more. than eighteen, had a Bottle of vodka in the inside of his tattered

coat. I remarked to our guide. Tell him he would do well to have put the money he spent on vodka luta a coat for his back."

Our guide sald something to the boy, who turned away shame- facedly, and noon evaporated, pro- bably thinking that We were officials of some sort.

I saw these people climb Into a train which ultimately numbered in, and watched them donetur Intewell LO their friends to Caucasian tune, played in an end- Tess repetition of six bark by the band of the municipal militia,

What Are they enthusiastin about?" I kept asking myself They were not decently clad. They

All D were not even well fed. them looked hungry. They were going to travel for some hours.

hard night through the

ira entringes. What were they so Jovial about?

Catch 'em Young

DR they really believe that they were the bwuers of this country? Did they really believe that there was notuething really worth white nwaiting Them - Just around the. Corner?

I did not know. I thought of the Communist method. Get hold of the children in the crèche. Fattaw them through the kindergarten, then through the school. Then get them into the Pioneers and the young Komsomols. Keep at thei with inerssant propaganda! Prop- aganda! Propaganda-trom morning to night, On the wire- fess, Alma, pictures, posters, text- book, follow them everywhere,

# Mussolini, too. n done Hitler has done it. They, too, move 1፡ public among the cheering crowds who can scarcely contain their enthusiasm. They, tou, have exploited propaganda meli (dy An the fall. Where will it a

"

The young Russian là Land non-

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1936.

Electrified train passing through the Baku oilfields.

by Sir

Sir Walter

Ing to believe that Russla Is the only country in the world worth while. The Nazis already believe that about Germany Tallons vow they win follow Mussolini to death.

Certainly I think the Russians have much more to hope and work for than the Pascist diet utors can offer. But this new techilune of repression and propaganda, where all it all endy That is the enigma the future most „olve

Hoon afterwards out fra rame in, and thoroughly tatience with the day's exertions I was abid an elimb into bed.

Next Morning

Next moralne opened gbemy but not told. We parsed Grosty, the revone larged all-Held in Bandar situated on the bike bath,

ities of the towa

Afterwards.

Ad toy guide

T ffsetssed The Trade Union, and I opened by saying it appeared To me that they were only the puppets of the Communist Party, All the principal allefals were Communists, and an Stalin hast said: This was nu acckient," } asked

sutiki the Trade Untonists exercise any dependent erittelsm of the system?

how

I the individual worker tried to do an in the factory, he would first he given a friendly warning. The next time he would find himself up The Communist nuclei in against

mid finally the Pac- The factory, tory Director

He would have a pretty rough

The Leaders accepted the DIC. decisions of the Poll Dureau of the Communist Parly and applled them, without demur, no matter how disagreeable the consequences. might be for their members,

11

They dared not disobey. They were bound in the Party. Other wise they would be driven out from amongst the "ruling class' Russia. No wonder that Lenin de- scribed the Trade Unions as a "School for Communism.". Thai was their awal function:

Purgings

My Russian friend argued that the Trade Unions were per- sunded to follow the lead of the Communist Party, but he admitted that the Parly dominated Trade Unions and Government alike.

Citrine

tries. You know as well as I do the necessity for healthy criticism in pilltirul fe

In England we all criticise our public

Arc men. whether they poliffelang or what they be, bu You ale afraid of uttering a single word talist your leaders."

We crtlete in the Party Con- etences, Comrade Citrine, ዩና:

ttle mir differeures there."

You settle your differences by exiling your opponents,” 1 re- marked, or you remove theon from the posts and put them into interior ones 13141

WAS Bul. flaking so much of criticism In

"They keep at the children with

propaganda

public. What astounds me is that not one of you that I have, talked to has ever uttered the slightest word of criticism of any one of your leaders or their policy. Once they have fallen from grace, like Trotsky, or Kamenet, or Zinoviet you go for them for all you are worth. But those in power-not a word.

"Candidly. I think you

are

HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION

Authorized Capliel

I asked him to describe how the Party preserved the purity of its membership by periodical purg- ings.

Roughly his description came to A Commission is sent to the this. faciory. The members of the Party are called up before them in front of the workers, both PartyReserve Liability of Proprietor 120,000,000

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BEAD OFFICE:-HONGKONG. BOARD OF DIRECTORB. Hon. Mr. J. J. Paterson, Chalkman.

G. Makin, Ey... Deputy Chairman.

and non-Party. Each is required to tell his fe's history, especially what he has done and is doing for the Revolution. Anyone can ques- tion him regarding both private

Hun. Mr. W. II. Bell, J. Mason, E., and public matters, and after he

K. S. Morrison, Esq. A. Compton has been turned inside out, the

Hun, Mr. B. H. Dodwell, T. E. Pearce, Eg.. Commission then makes its de-las Mr. M. T. Johnson. A. I Shields, Esq.,

V, M. RAYBURN F ciston.

CHIEP MANAGER.

I remarked that this system made a spy of every man on his neighbour, and my companion again admitted that it was the duty of every worker to keep an eye on the actions and words of his fellows, and to report anything which seemed to be hostile to the Interests of the working class. To be a member of the Communist Party is to be one of the "ruling class."

+

No Criticism

That is why no Communist dare argue independently, or eriticise

AMOY

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his leaders, or their polley. He is KUALA LUMPUR

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WHAT I SAW

IN RUSSIA-7

nfrald. You know the conse- quences which would follow it you were known to criticise any of them, and you will not take the risk even in the company of your best friend. You are afraid of being given away.

"I have read of children giving their mothers away to the secret police and being publicly pŕniscu (or it! That is the new Com- munist morality. I wonder what sort of a time a cartoonist has in your country?"

"We have cartooniats and they criticise things when they think They are wrong," he replied.

Do they ever criticise personall- iles?" I asked.

"Yes, they criticise personall- ties."

Such people as Stalin, Molotov, Voroshliev, or any of the People's Commissars, for example? "

No, the Party is the place to criticise them."

Can you give me a single in- stance when Stalin has been criti- cised in the Party of latè yeara? / I demanded.

No doubt there have been In- alances, but I cannot recall them."

I could see it was no use pursu- ing our discussion along this line. Goodness knows what a Will Dyson, or a Low, would do in Rusala just now. I am afraid they would not last very long.

Of course, when one remembers ! that any Communist miny be huuheat up before a meeting and asked to explału some ensual re- mark which might pavour of a eriticism of the régime, it is easy to unders) and why they are 50 careful

Expulsions

Something a man has said years before and forgotten all about might be brought up against him in the Party purge. The first time he might be able to explain 1: away, but a second occasion would bring him under so much suspicion that not many Communists whil take' the risk,

At all events, it is curious that I cumput recall a single case when any

Communist, no matter how highly placed he has hern, ever let fall in my hearing o word of eriticism against anyone In high authority in the Party.

I am not thinking now only of Communists in Russia self. I have met many of the Russian Government officials and others in the past ten years, but I car: never recall one of them giving vent to the least criticism either of the ne followed by the Communist Parly or anything said by one of have heard a good its leaders, deal about Party discipline, nud 1 know what it can mean in practice. Year after year thesć purges have gone, on.

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Time after time Hongkong Bank Bldg.

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be expeited.

Our conversation lapsed as our train made its uneventful journey over the flat, unbroken country, the landscape not altering until we reached the Casplan Sea Just be- fore-nightfall.

NEXT:

United Front.

Sir Walter, Citrine's diary, from which the above is an extract, published by Messrs. George Routledge and Sons, under the title, 1 Search for Truth In Tussia," (105, 5d.)

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