1936-07-28 — Page 18

G

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, Tuesday,“ JULY 28, 1936.

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The

This Explains Empire

C

Defence

|UT the globe at the

twentieth line of longitude

to the west of Greenwich Observatory, and what lies to the left of it is no cause for worry, thanks to our friendship with the United States of America.

But froni that line eastwards to the far side of New Zealand is a matter of immediate concern to the people of these islands, for the pipe-lines through which is pumped into London are laid across the sens between 20 de- grees west and 179 degrees east. They run as far as 60 degrees both north and south of the equator.

These pipe-lines British naval strategy is concerned to pre- serve; for apon their unimpeded maintenance deperuts the ease with which tribute and life flow Stubbs Rd into imperial Britain: gold and diamonds from South Africa. cotton from Egypt, spices from Ceylon, all treasure from India. in and rubber from Malaya, wool from Australasia; and from all and more of them in- terest on the loans with which British capitalists dowered them in early and late days.

*

Hongkong Telegraph.

TUESDAY, JULY 28, 1936.

ENSURING NATIONAL THE great maritime highways

"

"Long West"

GIERA

CAPE TOWN

HARROP

INDE

OCEAN

"From 1936 Eye Line ("4200m3)

150° Lat. South

FACTS

Oswald Piru, South Africas Minister of Dojcure, forty-air, stocky, spectacled, worships athletics, and is Bern by noniics us future Paarist · Dictatur. Six years ago was burned in ethion at Johannesburg by enst crowd of natives.

Objective: Position of Capetown i reorientation of Empire Defenca mado necessary by Italian control of Red Set.

HONGKONG.

INDLES

Photo-diagram shows vital triangle of Empire defence. Italy's control of Red Sea and Mediterranean means Britain can no longer rely on imperial by-pass of Suez. Future strategy will be based on the triangle's two sides, Capetown at the angle. Italian possessions black; British Empire speckled.

and

of the world are British nen Disraeli, some few years THE times are out of joint no longer how to ensure a free SECURITY

highways, policed by the fleet later, bought for Britain the for pre-and post-war naval passage for British ships in time When we think of the men-for which the taxpayer is called Suez Canal shares held by a strategy. The Mediterranean, of war, but how to protect the sures which are being taken in upon to pay £80,230,000 every debauched khedive, the by-pass once a flowing tide of ships, may imperial status quo.

become the focal point in another

A blockade of this nature is the Old Country for ensuringar: runrded by the army became British.

which costs him £49,281,000 und Until Badoglio rode into Addis war.

encouraging to Britain's enemies national security, we are apt to shadowed by the wings of an Abala on a white charger it re- In such a war the British fleet in the east. The virtual closing overlook the point that "de-air forer for which he pays mained a British by-pass; but it would suffer damage that might of the Suez Canal to British war- fences" have to be interpreted in £339,000,000.

is so no longer. The shadow of be irreparable. Its danger lies ships not only increases the the broadest manner possible, soi Like a. A. boxes spread along Italian imperial ambitions has in. its comparative immobility: journey from England to Singa as to include civilians as well as an arterial road, Britain, in the darkened the clear waters of its safety in the impregnable air pore by over 3,000 miles, but it soldiers, and food as well as am-smash and grab days of her the Red Sea; and in its pellucid base which lies at the castern renders impotent those capital. munition and aeroplanes. In the history, spread boxes along the depths the reflection of the end of that landlocked sen, ships required for defensive pur-

highways to the cast.

Union Jack is now challenged

For Palestine is the hope of its poses in the Mediterranean. plans upon which the Governmient Their resounding names are by the green, white and red salvation. Behind that narrow has now embarked, all aspects of milestones in imperial history, banner of imperial Rome,

At this stage of history Cape- country lie the immeasurable town appears on the horizon of the issues involved are being kept and are known to every child What had been British deserts of biblical antiquity; be the strategic sky and Singapore well in mind; and it is noteworthy almost as soon as its eyes are strength is now British Weak- fore it, the sea.

sinks away. A great naval base also, in regard to serial defence, Jopened.

ness. A menaced Red Sen Operating from a base out of is to be built at the former: that local authorities are showing Gibraltar, Malia, Suez, Aden, means, perhaps, an untenable range of any hostile navy or air further work on the latter, it is a marked willingness to co-oper-Bombay, Colombo, Trincomali, Mediterranean; for you cannot force, the wings of Britain could rumoured, is to be abandoned. ate to the fullest extent in the Singapore and the ports of Aus- blow up one part of a by-pass spread themselves, rise

Men who ought to know are tralasin are the boxes along the without making the whole of it destroy and then return com- talking of an expenditure of measures being taken. There

paratively undamaged. Under £14,000,000, of which the poor. are still a few stubborn extrem-by-pass. On the old route boxes unfit for traffic,

are at Capetown and the ports of Outside Home waters British the aegis of those wings now British taxpayer is to find half. ists who do not admit the neces-Australasia.

naval-strategy-was-based-on-the falls the safety of the Suez and sity of preparedness ngainst the

And so the old high road- Along the first of these high- Mediterranean as a highway for of the wealth of Egypt; and

comes back into its own; and possibility of aerial raids, but the ways the road bifurcates at sen traffic; but it may well prove under their aegis, in future, a great majority of the people are Singapore and one part moves that Italian tactics have turned British fleet at that end of the on the by-pass weeds spring up and it is deserted, except for a fully aware of the need for lak-northwards to the two great en it into a lake from which, in Mediterranean must operate, ing every possible precaution intrepots of the Far East, Hong- time of trouble, British ships This reversal of what we have policeman or so.

will find it difficul to leave in come to look on as the correct Capetown must build so that this direction. As an example kong and Shanghai.

These are the main highways safety, for between Gibraltar order of nature has been long in if war should come, British ships doing, it is of interest to note that but not the only ones, for lanes and the Canal is a narrow chan- arriving, but Mussolini's gamble, can move easily to a beleaguered. lead to Palestine, along the cast nel separating Sicily from Tunis, which only the timidity of the Singapore or an attacked Aus- a county s0 remote from the coast of Africa, up the shores of It is guarded in the middle by Admiralty allowed to succeed, tralia. Without risk they can heart of the nation as Devon is India to Calcutta and down the Italy's forlifed island of has forced the pace; and the tear across the wide spaces of demonstrating a measure of en-rich littoral of Burmab.

question in the Mediterranean is the Indian Ocean; but orly with terprise and activity which is in They turn and twist between keeping with that of the Govern- the islands of the East Indies 11 host of ment, which, with the approval and give access to of all wide-awake citizens, has scattered atolls, all of some strategic value, whose names begun large-scale reorganisation would overflow these columns. and expansion of the Air Force. In 1869 Eugenie, Empress of The authorities in Devonshire the French, stood in the bows are compiling a national emer-of the first vessel ever to sail gency register in which the from the Mediterranean to the names of all non-combatant see-Red Sea; and from that moment tions of the population-that is, the by-pass has been in use. men over fifty, as well as women

of what the local authorities are ¦

and girls-will be ready to

serve their country in time of NOTES OF THE DAY

need. The idea at the back of this plan is that all the spadework

The Government of Spain, con- trolled by extremists of the Leftist shall be done in advance, so that, camp, hus endeavoured to obtain in the event of an emergency assistance from France instap- arising, the names of those on the pressing the revolt of the Mon- register shall, be immediately at archist. Faselst and other Right- ist elements, including thend- the disposal of the appropriate herents of the Roman Church. Government departments, Lo- The Government of Spain' has gether with details of the ser- been refused munitions by the Government of France, following vices which each enrolled person the outery by the French Nightist may be able to render. The iden, press against an anticipated ne of course, is not a new one, but ceptance by M. Blum, the French the fact that it is being put into Prime Minister, of Madrid's in- force in this specific centre, and Vitation to co-operate in defending!

is likely to be adopted by others Leftist administration, of the as well, serves to indicate the same colour and conviction as that thorough-going manner in which in Paris. The French refuani was well advised. In the first place, the country is entering into or- if France sent assistance of any ganised schemes aiming at sort to the Spanish Government, tional security. This, however, and were that Government even- is only one aspect of the ques-tually destroyed by the revolt, the tion; no sphere of activity is be- allies of the eliminated party ing overlooked either by the Gov- would be apt to find themselves in ernment or the various local distinctly embarrassing position, authorities. Whatever the short- having lost the good-will of a big comings of the past may have neighbour. More than that, if the been, it is evident that the nation Leftist Government in Franen. to salat Loflint has now been aroused to a full vore to move

sympathisers in Spain. the consciousness of present-day development might encourage

"(Continued on-Pago"k;)

needs.

Pantellaria.

SIDE GLANCES

By George Clark

The Clark

10

"I wouldn't get too careless with my make-up. You're not sure you've nailed him yet."

the gravest and most EI- justifiable of risks can they move through the Suez and down the scarcely wider Red Sea, a target for bombs, an attraction for mines and submarines,

101.

AND so the immensely com- plicated strategic game goes Air power has altered it and driven warships into the open sea; but air power has not jemasculated the battleship, for aeroplanes cannot travel long distances without stopping for a breather and a meal of petrol. Their effective range is short; that of warships is long.

Any enemy aeroplanes that wished to fly cast to attack Britain's wealth would have a hard job, for the territory of the world, as mapped at present, shows that we and our potential allies own the fuelling stations along the route.

Let us take one more look at the map; and on it. draw what is approximately a right angled triangle whose right angle is at Capetown and the two ends of whose hypotenuse are London and Sydney.

That tells the story; since 1869 British naval strategy has been based along the hypo- tenuse: Mussolini has compelled us to revert to the other two sidus.

And the lesson of it?

That because we failed to close the Suez Canal to Mussolini, he has now closed it to us..

Philip Jordan