1936-07-08 — Page 6

Hongkong Telegraph 港電新報 士蔑新聞 All

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The Father

JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN, the "Maker of Modern Birmingham," noted states- man, crentor of the Liberal-Unionist Party, and leader of the Tariff - Reform Party, whose centenary is being celebrated

Phone 24758, 27778. 27779. in London and Birmingham to-day, was one.

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

WEDNESDAY, JULY 8, 1936.

A NOTEWORTHY

of the most noteworthy civic administrators of modern times and one of the Empire's biggest men.

Two of his sons, Sir Austen Chamber- Itin and Mr. Neville Chamberlain, Inherited their father's political genius.

Chamberlain was a Londoner by birth and a citizen of Birmingham by accident. His work in conjunction with Joseph Nettlefold in devising the modern form of screw made him a turn of substantial means by the time he was thirty- eight, and enabled him to retire from business, He became Mayor of Birmingham at the age of thirty-seven, and held office for three years, n mayoralty which is, perhaps, the most notable instance of individual municipal achievement in the history of English local government.

THE popular conception of Joseph Chamberlain, based chiefly on the history, of his political career, is that he was a hard, dispassionate man. merciless in erishing all opposition to his will, who grimly pursued to the bitter end any objec- tive on which his mind was fixed..

of

Fiscal Reform

Josepin Chamberlain-a portrait takon early in his

political career.

JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN

Born in London: July 8, 1836. Mayor of Birmingham: 1873-76. Became Liberal M.P.; 1876. . President Board of Trade: 1880.

Objected to Gladstone's Home Rule Policy and left Cabinet:

1885.

But this was only one side of the man who before his death had earni the affectionate go- briquet of "Joe." Away from the strife and turmoil of politics. Fin those intimate and personal CENTENARY

relations of private life which the Birmingham, and London will public eye seldom is privileged to observe, his character revealed to-day pay fitting tribute to

(rare qualities of nobility and Joseph Chamberlain,

noted charm.

He was a brilliant and British statesman, the centenary witty conversationalist, gifted of whose birth fatls on this date. In British possessions overseas, Chamberlain will be best remem- bered for his work, as Colonial

When so much is said of diet, with an acute sense of humour, Secretary, on behalf of the Em- of underfeeding and overfeeding, which enabled him to enjoy a pire, in the future glory of which it is little short of wonderful to¦ joke against himself. he had unquenchable faith. It hear that there is a people in

At the same time, he Was is natural, however, that his Europe to whom indigestion is peculiarly sensitive, evincing ah memory should be kept green in practically unknown. This is said almost feminine capacity for Birmingham, of which city ha of Denmark, and the cause of this compassion towards the weak WILS three times. Mayor. His blessed frumunity is reputed to be and the unfortunate. It was services earned for him the title the general use of rye-bread. It is just this sensitiveness, I think, of "Maker of Modern Birming-not the food of the poor only, but says

Colonial Secretary: 1895-1902.

Started Tariff Reform Campaign and left Cabinet: 1903. Retired from active politics: 1906. Died: 1914.

NOTES OF THE DAY

CRAWFORD'Sing preferential tariffs for theism might be banished-for all

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for the bitter virulence which marked the attacks of his politi- cal enemies,

* THE first time party given by the late Dr. Rob. son Ronse in April, 1900. It was

I met Joseph Chamberlain was at a dinner

**[ a loyalty and devotion

am ready to serve under which more than compensated Arthur Balfour or anyone else

who may be preferred," he de- clared; "but I confess it was different when I was on the other sile. Fifteen years ago I certainly was resolved to be Pre- mier in a Liberal succession. If I had been, you would have sech established that condition of Liberal Imperialism of which Rosebery and others futilely dream at the present time."

During further conversation he strenuously denied the charge of being a recent convert to Imper- íalism. "Why," he exclaimed,' "when was in the Cabinet of 1880 I was then-particularly in respect to Egypt-accused of being a Jingo. In regard to the piaintenance of England's Im- perial position, I have never held. any views other than those which 1 advocate to-day.".

Some time afterwards I heard an lateresting story which fully confirmed Chamberlain's claim to onsistency in the question of Imperialism. In 1857 John Bright, after losing his sent at Manchester, came down to Bir- mingham to contest an election there. Joseph Chamberlain, then barely twenty-one and an ardent Radical, already stood on the threshold of his great public

career.

Bright, the Tribune of Free Trade, undoubtedly would have been received by Chamber- lain as his ideal of a party leader- -but for one circumstance. Ho had voted against Lord Palmers- ton on the question of the Chinese War. Fiery Radical though he then was, young Chamberlain could not reconcile this action

with his own inborn Im- perialist sympathies. According- ly, he strained every nerve to Jeep Bright out of Birmingham.

☆ WHEN. Joseph

cume

Chamberlain left England in the cruiser my good fortune to be placed Good Hope on the difficult mis- commentator, that

next him at table, and I well re- sion of tranquilling South ham One of the features of the-is-enten-by-all-classes-Now at times made him appartene his energetic comments Africa after the conclusion of Birmingham celebrations will be sound digestion is at the root of arrogant and intolerant of eri-

on a rumour (then being widely the Boer War, it was little ticism. When he felt himself in a special meeting of the City good health, and if indigestion,

canvassed in the Press and known at the time (and perhaps Courkil, where, in 1993, Joseph could be got rid of there would be because it seemed unjust, And, succession to the Premiership, years before he very nearly the right, he resented criticism, elsewhere) that he contemplated is forgotten now), that twelve. Chamberlain made the first an end of many grievous ills. above everything, Joseph Cham Emphatically he denied having embarked on a similar voyage speech in his campaign advocat- Even the much-talked-of rheumat berlain detested injustice.

any ambition to become abut under very different circum- Among those who knew him Unionist Prime Minister. stanecs, Dominions. Members of the that doctors can any to the con- as a man and a friend, he in- Chamberlain family will be pre-trary. So definite. statement spired

# sent, including Joseph Chamber-about the effects of eating rye lain's two sons, Mr. Neville bread should not be lightly Net Chamberlain, the Chancellor of aside: nothing should be that the Exchequer, and Sir Austen promises such beneficial resulta. Chamberlain, a past Secretary.of One thing in support of the asser- State for Foreign Affairs. tion is that there are ho Joseph Chamberlain was a 'native joyous enters to be found than the of London. He went to Birming-Danes. They seem to eat with at the age of 18 to look more than a mere physical delight. after his 'father's interests in a Another point is that in Sweden, screw-making business,

where also rye bread, in the form and

that has within recent years be come known in England-bread in the form of thin. hard, dry cakes-one may see teeth in | perfect order, even, and white. Has that not something to do with the healthful practice of Enting rye-brend?

ham

more

within a short time he was in charge of the commercial side: of the firm. He showed no active interest in politics until he was nearly 30, but later he became concerned in the cause of popular education and in November, 1869, gained election to the Town Conn- cil of Birmingham. In 1873 he was elected Mayor of Birming- about 50 acres, and in their place ham, at that time a large and un-constructed fine shopping streets, prepossessing Industrial town. "By God's help Birmingham He was twice re-elected to the shall not know itself," Joseph office. During his term a com- Chamberlain said, and he spoke plate revolution took place in municipal affairs, and the town truly. To-day the gas under- was raised from mediocrity to taking, has developed into the great importance in the world of largest of its kind in the world: municipal government. He was the electricity supply and trans- yesponsible for the schemes for port undertakings have been ac- acquiring the gas works and wa-quired; over 42,000 municipal ter supply. While he was Mayor, houses have beon erected since also, the Town Council approved the War; and Birmingham's scheme which, at a cost of death rate is now lower than that £1,500,000, swept away a collec-of any other large industrial city tion of slum tenements covering in the country,

21

SIDE GLANCES

By George Clark

Clack

In the spring of 1889 the Governorship of the Cape be- vacant, Chamberlain, whilst prominent supporter of the Government, held no minis- terial office. Lord Salisbury thought, with excellent reason, that here was an ideal man at hand for the position. It would be incorrect to say that the Governorship actually was of- fered to Chamberlain and de- clined; but certainly he was given to understand that the opportun- ity was given to understand that the opportunity was open if he cared to embrace it. Acceptance, however, would havé meant his retirement from the Parlia- mentary scene at a particularly critical stage of British political history. Thus Chamberlain die missed the prospect from his mind.

Nevertheless, it is interesting to speculate on What Might Have Been if Joseph Chamberlain had been established for five years in residence at Cape Town, within travelling distance of Kruger. I jam among those who believe that with such a man on the spot the issue of peace or war might never have arisen: or that if and when it was forced, England would not have taken the field in the slip-shod, unprepared, ill-in- {formed condition which more than once during that long and bitter conflict Imperilled her Im South

“Oh, some friends went away for the summer and asked us to porial supremacy in

Africa.

keep liim."!

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