1936-04-16 — Page 18

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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, THURSDAY, APRIL 16, 1986.

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RED RAIN

RAIN in By Ian Mackay

Russla fears for her safety.

To the East is Japan, To the West Germany, Primarily she relies on her vast armaments and her millions of soldiers to safeguard her frontiers. In this article lan. Mackay examines their efficacy and their size.

the of the

world at the moment arc fearfully focused on Europe and Africa, there are many well- We are fully equipped for any view that when Mars decides to informed people who take the

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The

Hongkong Telegraph.

THURSDAY, APR. 16, 1936,

UNITED STATES AND NEUTRALITY

march again in real earnest ho will start off in Mongolia.

Stalin clearly holds that opinion and his recent warning to Japan to keep off the Soviet grass, though it may have offended the punctilious suscep- tibilities of classic diplomacy,

TALLY P

Six battalions of infantry drop from the skies. Spectacular, but how useful?

left the world in no doubt about armies, the army of the West for the Soviet Government ad- pilots in war time would be Russia's intentions. And

and the army of the Orient. mits frankly that the actual enormous. Kaganovitch knows study of the strength and dis-

At the beginning of this year expenditure in recent years has this and his job is to keep the the estimate force at a level where it can be positions of the Red Army and the active strength of the Red always exceeded Air Force shows that when Army, was 1,300,000, but it by a few milliard roubles.

reasonably maintained. Ten should be remembered that in Stalin says he will fight it is no Russin the Army includes the spent on? Voroshilov gave us Air Force. To-day it is the What is this money being years ago there was no Soviet mere. Fat Boy of Peckham boast. Air Force and the Navy as well. the answer in the amazing film largest in the world, but there The first une strength of the of the Kiev manoeuvres which are signs that saturation poiní

RUSSIA is ready with Air Force is at least 3,000 was shown recently at the has been reached.

the largest standing machines of which 700 are Soviet Embassy. Millions are In the Kley film the big mo- army and the most bombers,

'ime of war it would be im possible to switch huge armies from East to West at a mo- ment's notice as Ludendorff did during the Great War. Russia. therefore, has in effect built

PLANNED EMIGRATION

of an "Oversea. Settlement Board"

-gave

Light tanks Medium tanks Artillery Anti-tank guns Machine guns Submarines Acroplanes

is

›

WHAT about the

men

being poured out on mechani- ment was the landing of six powerful Air Force in the world,

sation, training. fortification, battalions of infantry complete Accurate statistics in such a

industrial conscription and or- with tanks, machine guns and BUT these figures are ganisation and the establishment artillery behind the enemy lines. A fierce controversy still races swiftly changing situation can-

probably out of date of the Air Force. not be expected, but it is no

As a spectacle nothing like it in political circles in Washington overestimate to say that at Tukhachevski-who represented speak of the Russian steam military expert with whom I

already.

Marshal In the last war we used to has ever been seen, but a great over the rights and duties of least

a quarter of the entire Russia at King George's funeral roller. To-day the steam roller discussed it said it was more neutrality in war. Responsible Soviet forces are at present

some statistics at the has developed wings and taken interesting than important. I statesmen have made it clear lined up in the Far East. Dip- last. Soviet Congress which are to the skies. Away there on the was significant, too, that even in that the United States has no in-lomatic necessity has compelled really staggering to the English Mongolian prairie the yellow the film this tremendous bolt tention of being dragged into the Soviet Government

to remind. Between 1931 and 1934 men and women have ceased to from the blue failed in its ob- another world conflict, and the volutionise its military machine the equipment of the Red Army wonder at the red sails in the jective.

on h scale and speed vast majority of the people are paralleled in history.

un increased in this ratio:

sunrise. The roar of air en- The defending force coun- agreed on this point. But there The country is so vast that in Whippet tanks 2475 per cent. gines has become part of the tere by rushing up thousands

760 per cent. routine of their lives. is a marked conflict of opinion as

732 per cent.

of troops in lorries and driving Oẞicial statements have been the invaders away. The attack- to the best way of keeping the

240 per cent. made that Russia is aiming at ing force would have been better nation out of war. The Isola-

450 per cent. a first-line air strength of 5,000 advised to have used its air tionists, aided by many who are

700 per cent. machines. Kaganovitch, Stalin's strength for bombing, and I influenced by the scandals in the

330 per cent. right-hand man, has been ap should not be surprised if Voro- 535 per cent. pointed Director of the Central shilov, who is above all a realist, trade in arms, recently brought | two separate and independent

Soviet statistics are notorious- Administration of the Aero- will send his parachutes back 10 to light through the activities of

ly unreliable and a page from nautical Industry, and every the quartermaster and ask for Senator Nye and his group, be-

thair Budget looks like one of one outside Russia admits that bombs instead. lieve in putting an embargo on NOTES OF THE DAY those tantalising tables which under his guidance production Sir James Jeans works out over has improved tremendously both the supply of arms (and there is

his breakfast egg. But I doubt in quality and quantity. Under much support for extension to all

if Einstein himself could wade him is Tupelov, the designer of

who control this terri- war materials) to both belli-

The steady increase in Govern- through the Moscow Budget and the Maxim Gorki, who is build-

ble machine. It is gerents. It is argued that the ment

ing up the bombers."

difficult for us to imagine an profit should be taken once and which were once_left_to_indlyidanl

encouragement, in fields emerge sane at the end.

But for what they are worth Hitherto the Russians were army run by politicians. Voro for all out of war. Where there initiative and enterprise is again here are the military budgels hypnotised by size, but Tupelov shilov, the Generalissimo of the is no actual embargo, it is held, demonstrated by the appointment for the last three years:

now concentrating on the Red Army, is also a member of 1934 1,665,000,000 roubles only normal trade should be to deal with the problem of

construction of twin-engine in the Politburo-the Council of 1935 6,500,000,000 roubles stead of four-engine bombers. Ten-which really runs Russin. carried on, and the Government emigration. At one time 1936 14,800,000,000 roubles It was found that the monstrous This body is so exclusive that should not protect traders under individuals or families emigrated Translated into English four-engine machines had to even Litvinov is not a member war conditions. So far as the either from a spirit of adventure money this year's expenditure is carry so much fuel that their of it.

Or because they saw greater £592,000,000.. Government is concerned, there

Apart from the range was limited and their overseas Post Office and the Service of bomb carrying capacity res- War and Defence. Imagine Mr. Voroshilov is also Minister of economic opportunities is apparent an equal determina-than they saw at home. The 80-the Debt this is more than tricted. The weak point of the Duff Cooper filling the triple tion to keep the country out of called "new" countries were in Great Britain spends on every- Red Air Force is the personnel. role of Cabinet Minister, Minis- war, but it would like less need of more men and women to thing in the course of a year. A force of over 3,000 is terribly ter of War, and Commander-in- rigidity in the means of doing these resources

develop their resources, but

But this is not the whole story, unwieldy and the wastage in Chief of the Army, Navy and wore developed so: the President should have opportunities were not so many

Air Force Obviously Marshal more discretion in using em-jor so great for newcomers Some

Voroshilov, who is only 64, is a bargoes and restrictions, if they years ago the British Government

spent considerable. sums could be shown to shorten war, assisting emigrants to go to the even against the aggressor in Dominions and the Colonies in or that war. All these sections ofler to ease the unemployment pro- opinion appear willing to give blem at home. The schemes then up, in practice, much of the pre-evolved were not always sucEC84- war and post-war "rights" of ful. The territories concerned neutrals, the defence of which could not always absorb the type led Amenica to demand and to of men and women who went there build a fleet equal to that of from the United Kingdom. Now Britain. They stress, rather, it is hoped that the beneficial the "duties" of neutrality, and movement of population within move away from the old "free the Empire will be resumed on a dom of the sens" doctrine. "Can planned basis. The new "Oversea Settlement Board" will have to ex- we afford neutrality 7" they ask. aming all schemes which involve So far, the Isolationists have had state assistance or interference the best of the argument, but the in any way, and develop a sound actual working of the new kind and realistic policy. One proposal of neutrality in regard to the which has been mule by exports war between Italy and Ethiopia is that plans should be prepared would seem to have given fresh for the movement of population vigour to other extremely power-In masa, to be financed wholly or ful groups, those who champion in part by Governments. Instead the old doctrine of the "freedom of movements by individuais, they of the seas" and insist on the want to see the establishment of right of American citizens to whole now communities. It will trade in war as in peace, except be some considerable time before in contraband or with blockaded definite proposals are made by the ports. The main force behind new Board, but we may be sure their 100 per cent, claim to that we have seen the end, in yet another field of national activity "rights" is to be the American and interest, of the old easy-going Navy. If the Navy cannot methods. guarantee "freedom of the seas"

it must at once be increased.

on

Tho dlalike by this group of em- able that America would ever bargoes and trade restrictions in abandon the doctrine of the time of war was powerfully re-freedom of the seas. The dis. inforced recently by the Inter-pute still continues, and more rational lawyer, Judge Basset will doubtless be heard within Moore, who trounced the new the next month or so, when the neutrality as "homicidal and sui-Neutrality Bill is due to come up cidal” and said it was inconceiv-again for consideration.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark man to watch.

"Oh, Jerry writes the most terrifying letters to the light and

gas people."

Then there is Budenny, the Corsair of the Steppes, the comic-looking little man with the sweeping moustachios, who swept Wrangel and Deníkin and a lot of other White hopes into the gloom of forgotten things. He is an old soldier who fought for the Tsar in the old days. When Trotsky turned a rabble into a revolutionary army he picked this incredible. ́erenture as his chief lieutenant. He is the Marshal Ney of the Russian Revolution, but unlike Ney he will not finish up in front of a firing squad. If he is killed it will be on the back of a horse.

Kaganovitch I have men- tloned. He is the only Jow in the Politburo and his job is to restrain the ardour of his com- rades.

Ono more mun matters in a big way, Ordzhonikidze, the Commissar for Heavy Industry. Like Stalin he is not a Russian but a Georgian. He is responsi-, blo for seeing that Voroshilov, gets what he wants. He and Kaganovitch-who is the Hore- Relisha of Russia, responsible for transport as well as aircraft. production are the men who deliver the material without which the army would freeze into uselessness. And in the end it will be on them rather than on the generals that Russia will have to depend when the guns begin to roar.