1936-02-29 — Page 24

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1986.

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PRELUDE "THE KINGDOM" By-ELGAR

No. DB-1934 B.B.C. Symphony Orchestra.

"THE "CREED" By-TCHAIKOWSKY

No. 1701 Theodore Chaliapine, with Choir. SCENES FROM CHILDHOOD By--SCHUMANN

No. DB-2581-2582 Alfred Cortot, Pianoforte.

SIEGFRIED IDYLL By-WAGNER

No. DB-2634-2635 Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. SHADOW SONG FROM: "DINORAH" By--MEYERBEER

No. C-2770 Miliza Korjus, Soprano, in German. INTRODUCTION & RONDO CAPRICCIOSO By-SAINT-SAENS

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STUDEBAKER

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1936

THE GENIUS Who

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Studebaker Pahvists pamper, the beard- Champions ed, benign-looking gent who was so easily mistaken for Bernard Shaw is dead.

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GARAGE and

His resemblance do the fam- ous G.B.S. was the sum total of most people's knowledge of him. Yet Pavlov, this enigma, was one of the period's greatest

men.

II. G. Wells, in fact, said he was the most important of all, and compared him with Shaw. to the latter's severe detriment, roundly declaring that our octo- genarian playwright mattered practically nothing beside the Russian octogenarian scientist.

But, then, I think Wells at that time was rather annoyed with Shaw-and we can take his estimate with a grain of salt.

That still left Pavlov extreme- ly important, however. And he was important because of his dogs. (Or, if you like, his dogs were important because of Pav- lov.)

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EXPERIMENTED

We all have conditioned re- flexes a criss-cross mass of them. They are very impor- tant, too.

Suppose you take a dog and show him some food. He aaliy- ates his "mouth waters." That salivation is a simple reflex. But show him, say, a white disc, and then directly afterwards present him with the food. on doing that, and soon mouth will water when the white disc comes.

Go his

His reflex is no longer simple; it has been influenced, condition. ed, by the introduction of a second stimulus. A real and definite connecting path has been opened up in the dog's PAVLOV experimented with thinking mechanism, his brain. And that phenomenon can be human directly to applied

It is applied auto- affairs, matically all the time.

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dogs and discovered thereby a great deal about the working of the brain-not only the doggy Phunes 27778-2. Stubbs Rd. brain, but the human brain.

SHOW ROOM

་་

DEATH.

HVATOFF. The Committes of the Russian Orthodox Community announce with deep regret the

He worked with dogs because they are patient and responsive, and because their intellect in many ways is nearest in the animal kingdom to our own. The dog brain is a simplified human brain.

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death of the into Vice-Chairman E whole of Pavlov's sclenti- fic theories rested on one simple discovery-ns is usually the case with science's triumphs. This discovery was of a thing-

of the Committee, Mr. Michael Hentoff, in Manila on the 27th February, 1930. A Memorini Service will be held in the Russian Orthodox Church, 18 Jordan Road,

Kowloon, at 6.30 p.m. to-day.

The

Hongkong Telegraph.

SATURDAY, FEB. 29, 1936.

WORLD UNREST

more arc

ΟΙ

L

human property-called Conditioned Reflex.

It sounds difficult, but it isn't.

+

HAVE you ever noticed that a baby dislikes certain people

With

PAVLOV

DOGS

or certain things for no appar-· ent or totally inadequate rea- those intricate and delicate in soas? There the Conditioned Reflex is working.

Hê may have seen the person for the first time wearing some- thing strange that seemed to him terrifying-a pair of motor goggles, say. He may have be- come first acquainted with such A lovely thing as a rosebud just when he was appalled by a loud and sudden noise.

He connects the two, and, what is more, goes on connect-

.

This should teach the school- master something: when his. boys become drowsy from his demanding a too-long-sustained effort from them, this inatton- tjon is not their fault, but his! Pavlov enabled us to put into strictly analysable, measurable terms, things about the human · mind that we have been only able to talk of vaguely or even only guess at, before,

To understand is to have power and heaven knows we haven't really understood our brains much yet!

We shall know one day now what harms our mind and what heals it.

We shall have at last the

We shall be able to call up beneficial sleep at will; to under- stand properly and then to use and not misuse hypnotism. authority, with facts behind us, struments, our brains.

to drum into parents the harm- He found that the slightest fulness of too much inhibition of distraction of his dogs' attention their children-that is to say, destroyed his experiments alto- of too many "don'ts!" We may gether. He had to start all over even have in the end the power

And from this he de- to mould not only our brains.. again. duced that noises of modern but our charactera-and our tem.

peraments. civilisation really are harmful to

One conclusion is cortain. humans.

Pavlov's dogs have achieved im mortality-their name will go down to history.

He learnt that too long a stretch of learning or inhibiting on a dog's part led to boredom, and from there to actual sleep

NOTES OF THE DAY ing until the idea can be got in some cases, and a form of

FEWER ROAD DEATHS

The statistics issued by the Ministry of Transport show a big decline in the list of parsons killed and injured on the roads in Great Britain Inst year as compared with

out of his head."

That, of course, opens up new methods of training babies to

hypnosis in others.

H. E. L. Mellersh. -

like and dislike just the things HITTING THE LIGHTHOUSE

you want them to like and dis- like (as Aldous Huxley showed rather grimly in his novel, "Brave New World.")

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A Tragedy of Bird Migration

be1034 The number of people killed his dogs. For, as I have TT is night in n lighthouse in the far birds flying around the dome. They.

If an attempt is made to "HANSEL UND GRETEL" | analyse the deep underlying No. DA-1439 Elisabeth Schumann, Soprano,

Causes of world unrest to-day. ITALIAN SERENADE IN G MAJOR BY HUGO WOLF

the conclusion will soon No. DA-1304 Budapest String Quartet.

reached that the heart of the was 6,521, as compared with 7,343-

in the fact that in 1934 reduction of 822. The crisis lies CONCERTO No. 2 IN B FLAT BY-BRAHMS.

among the great nations, number of injured was 218,708 in four

legs 1935 and 231,603 in 1934-a reduc- These figures are conditionk astion of 12,805. satisfied with

particularly encouraging when it is they are, while threc

remembered that the volume of profoundly discontented. Great

traffic on the roads has increased Britain,

the United France,

enormously. According to the latest States and Russia have no ambi-figures, the number of licences tion to enlarge the extent of Issued for motor vehicles during the responsibilities. On the other 10 last, excluding_tramcars

HUNDREDS OF OTHER INTERESTING RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE,

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TENNIS RACKETS NEW MODELS-

The

By

Chater Road.

Slazenger

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North of Scotland, with the wind howling round the tower and the men crashing on the rocks two hundred feet below. Up aloft in the lantern the revolving Fight flashes four times every thirty seconds, sending its warn- ing to the passing ships.

generally "strike" in haze and rain, and, in the light of the slowly re- volving beams from the lantern, have the appearance of gilttering objects. Even tho conspicuous spots on the breasts of the song thrushes are com- pletely effaced. The call of the vari- Our species altera slightly during migration.

BUT to get back to Pavlov and suggested, those Conditioned Re- flexes can be got rid of,

learn much The dogs can

They can more than that, too. learn to discriminate. A whistle means food; whistle with flash doesn't mean food. They can

The clover startling becomes stupe- Suddenly the lame begins to echo learn to delay their reactions.

If you gradually lengthen the with

a curious sound na if some-fied by the dazzling brillancy of the time between the sign, whatever one ware thumping on the outside. light. It will stand on the grating edly on one's hand. The skylark on it is, and the appearance of the Gradually the noise increases until and, when picked up, will sit content

the other hand usually strikes hard. food, the dog will come to saliv- the succession of thuds becomes an

and la instantly killed, its tiny corpse irregular drumming. The birds pro

Into the darkness and the interval is nearly up and thousands, driven by that migratory below. The

Itheir present territories and itwelve months ended on November ate not at once but only when "striking" the lantern. Birds in their fluttering dowing and song thrush Thand "expansion" is the key-vehicles requiring trade licences, the food is just about to appear. urge which annually carried lantern's glare turns the blackbird

note

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to

to South

Chom come to hand quite readily, but the Into a flying demon. He whiris round the lantern at breakneck speed, defy- ing anyone to catch him.

Africa, Thrushes, fieldfare, redwings, curlews, lapwing, saipe, goldcrests, knots, redstarts, golden plover, turn- stones, warblers, willow wrens, and a host of other varieties are attracted to

of the policies of Japan, was 2,336,722, compared with 2,116,-. That is a conscious self-con-hundreds of miles from Italy and Germany. It is easy 682 the previous year, an Increase trol on the dog's part-Pavlov Scotland, from the Baltic

called it Inhibition. of 220,140. perhaps to diagnose the discuse.

The reduction in the number, of } It is extremely difficult to sug casualties cannot be attributed to ALL sorts of complicated ex- gest the correct remedy-at any any particular cause, but obviously periments were evolved by the light in a miscellaneous horde,

Standing on the balcony with the rate in any detail. "Territorial the Ministry of Transport's efforts Pavlov from his first simple. redistribution" occurs at once as to lessen the dangers from wheeled tests, and many strange, illu- birds whizzing around is a weird ex- possibility to be considered traffe have not been in vain. The minating things he learnt about perience. It is difficult to identify the

8

But

the subject bristles with year has seen the Introduction of difficulties. It is hard to ima- the thirty-mile-an hour speed limit gine, for instance, that the In "built-up areas," driving testa British people would be altruis-for new applicants for driving tle enough to hand over large licences, and a number of other enfety measures. Owing to the portions of their Empire, to others. It may also be doubted ood results achieved' presumably there will be a more resolute ap- whether any conceivable redistri- plication in future of all the safety bution would in fact satisfy the measures which have been fecently expansionist nations. "Inter-adopted. The figures for the com- nationalisation" of colonialbined area of the Metropolitan possessions in general seems to Police District and the City of

"ROYAL CROWN" offer a far more hopeful solu- London show that 'In 1936, as com-

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tion. The mandate system of pareil with 1934, there were 332 the League of Nations gives fewer persons killed and 3,993 fewer a practical: model of what persons Injured. This decline in the number of accidents in the has been achieved in this

London area is of particular im direction. Its two outstanding portance as evidence of the efficacy principles are (1) the welfare of the precautionary measures in- of the native Inhabitants the troduced by the Ministry, primary over-riding purpose of administration, (2) the open

door for the trade and indus- these needs be satisfied without trial enterprise of all outsiders, any territorial- alterations? For irrespective of. nationality. But the last fifteen years with in- perhaps the proper change creasing virulence and strength lies not in territorial read-for the last five-economic justments at all-but in nationalism has polsoned all the direction of "economic International intercourse. The internationalism." When Japan basic fact of the modern world| and Germany and Italy are ask- is its political and economic ing, for more land, the most unity. Building on that reality, frequent reason they give for the outstanding need of the their demands are (a) oppor- times is co-operation In Indus- tunities for migration of excess try and trade between nations,

population, (b) access to raw the kind of co-operation to

LANE, CRAWFORD, LTD. materials; (e) from markets for which the League of Nations

their finished goods. Could not tseeks to give effective scope.

SIDE GLANCES By George Clark

"I want this done very thoroughly. My bridge friends will

bo hora to day, and you know how they poke their noses into

ovory`corner.

It is a curious fact that fow of the small birds such as tho warbler, willow wren; chiffchaff, blackcap, white- throat, in gold crest, hit the lantern with sufficient forces to cause death.

und perch on the grating. They appear to flutter up to the light

But when the plover, thrush, starling or manx shearwater hit the light they crash with terrific force. Some birds, when coming full tilt to the lantern, baulk when within a few foot of it and rising slightly, get out of the dazzling rays. More often than not, they crash into the dome at a flat anglo and are carried 200 to 300 yards by their own momentum before their shattered bodies fall to the ground or into the sea beyond. Others dive low (Continue on Page 5.)

BULLS AND INNERS

Local merchants would appear to bo moro interested in fair trade than a trade fair.

Q

If your number doesn't come up to-day, it's not our fault.

O D

By the same token-Your num- ber's up if it doesn't1

ឆ.

Cinema heading: "People Will Talk' at the Oriental." We always knew that Vie Hugh wasn't so dumb 1

To-night's the night when aligi-

blo bachelors take cover.

口口

Appropriately enough, tho

Aquarium Society is still angling for members.

DO

There is no truth in the rumour that amo of these ponics with floral namee, are to be exhibited) at the forthcoming Flower Show.

'

Sanctions didn't keep Manzon!

from getting placed at the Races The Week's Pessimist: The man who wouldn't try to pick the win- ner out of a field of twol