1935-12-10 — Page 6

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HIS MASTER'S VOICE RECORDS BY WORLD FAMOUS ARTISTS.

QUARTETS:-

SCHUBERT—In A Minor Op. 29. ... Budapest String Orchestra. MOZART—In G Minor (Pianoforte and Strings)

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1935.

BEDFORD" THE NAVY THAT WE NEED

A TOUGH, POPULAR

TRUCK

and a Service worthy of it "VERY month big shipments of

Bedford trucks loave Eng- land for every part of the world. And the rising export figures and many hundreds of enthusiastic letters from Bedford owners all over the world have shown that the Bedford is popular wherever It goes. Why this success ? For, in designing the Bedford range. Vauxhall experts studled overseas conditions at first hand. They learnt what was wanted in trucks from the very men who were going to use them. And there In organization to

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For Particulars and Terms apply HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE Stubbs Road

to

The type of cruiser now on Chine Station. H.M.S, Suffolk; me of the 10,000 ton "Washington Treaty cruisers, vitally affected by the talks now proceeding in London.

By Lieut.-Commander

KENNETH EDWARDS,

R.N. (Ret.)

be accepted for two reasoña. Firstly, the necessity of our en- gagement with major naval Powers, both in the East and the West, is never likely to arise; and, secondly, the geographical position of our three fleets would enable elther the Atlantic or the Eastern Fleet to be rapidly re- inforced at the expense of the the Fleet, or Mediterranean Mediterranean Fleet to be rapid- ly reinforced from either the Atlantic or the East, Wo can, therefore, confine ourselves to the minimum requirements in order to make each one of these efficient and self-

were 80

ment, whatever the nature of WHAT naval strength is warning, and navies cannot be vais along all the trade routes. fects, an

required to give security built, manned, and kneaded into The length of the important contained unit.

a state of efficiency at a mo- trade routes totals some 85,000 In the days of the "Two- the British Empire? ment's notice. Moreover, rapid miles. Some alternative must Power standard". battleships numerous that they Most thinking people will changes in naval strength are be found which will combine the

uneconomical. For maximum of security with the operated in divisions of five say that it depends upon the extremely

of ships. Thus we built ships in state of international affairs. these reasons it is necessary to greatest possible degree

naval economy, both of force and of "classes" of five. To-day this is level of decide upon a That is perfectly true. Ob- strength that can give security funds.

an embarrassment, for either a viously, greater strength is under all conditions, which it is Some of the longest trade ship of another class is included needed in time of crisis than possible to foresee, and is com- routes in the world are those in a "battle squadron," or the across the Pacific squadron consists of one "divi- when the nations are living mensurute in cost to the funds which run available.-

Ocean. In peace-time there are sion" of three ships and one divi- in amity with one another.

many British ships upon these sion of two ships. Both these At such a time strength be- yond that needed for police duties appears superfluous.

Naval strength, however, can- not be judged upon that basis. The international situation may change rapidly and without

DEATH.

Schnabel-Onnou~~Prevost and Maas. ELLIS Onwald Inne, on the 8th

BELA BARTOK-In A Minor

FAURE-In C Minor

Pro Art String Quartet.

H. Merckel-A. Merckel-Marchesini and Tenrock.

SYMPHONIES:-

TCHAIKOWSKY---The "PATHETIQUE" Boston Symphony Orch:

Conducted by Serge Koussevitzky.

SCHUBERT THE "GREAT" C Major B.B.C. Symphony Orchestra Conducted by Adrian Boult. HAYDN-THE "CLOCK" SYMPHONY Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra of New York Conducted by Arturo Toscanini

SZOSTAKOWICZ-No. 1. Op. 10

Leopold Stokowsky and The Philadelphia Orchestra.

HUNDREDS OF OTHER INTERESTING RECORDS FOR YOU TO SELECT FROM.

S. MOUTRIE & CO., LTD.

December, 1936, in London, aged 68. Formerly of Hongkong. Brother of Aliss M. Ella. Deep ly mourned. (Shanghai paper please copy).

The

Hongkong Telegraphi.

TUESDAY, DEC. 10, 1915.

GIFTS FOR AGGRESSORS

though

of what

# 14 proposals,

Kur-

•

this century the strength of ford to neglect the protection of tically, it is desirable to form a DING the first decade of routes, but, happily, we can af- are tactically undesirable. Tac- the British Navy was computed trans-Pacific trade in time of battle squadron of six ships, upon what was known as the war. This is possible because divided into two divisions, ench

Now of its relative unimportance so of three ships. "Two-Power standard."

are.

truc.

Actually

The naval

+

it is based upon a "One-Power far as mere essentials are con- standard," or parity with the corned. In this respect we have strongest foreign navy in the geography to thank for reducing ACCEPTING this tactical unit for capital ships, it will be world. These ""standards" are our responsibilities. not merely empirical. They are In the matter of trade defence seen that each feet should con- geography comes to our rescue sist of six capital ships-a total NOTES OF THE DAY carefully worked out.

It is universally acknowledged again and again. But it also of 18 capital ships. Ships, how- to-day that the British Navy is provides points at which trade is ever, have to be refitted periodi- make sure that at no time will not strong enough to discharge particularly vulnerable to attack cally. In order, therefore, to The perturbation and resentment its duty of protecting the Empire by reason of its density.

In theory, the adequate pro- any of our three fleets auffor the DVORAK—"FROM THE NEW WORLD" Royal Albert Hall Orch. REAL SOCIAL SERVICE

cf numerous powers at Geneva at Land Empire interests. It is Those who have knowledge of the Conducted by Sir Landon Ronald.

prospect

must significant that this fact is tection of the focal points of tactical embarassment of on the splendid social service which, appear. 011 the face of the realised more clearly abroad, trade would entail the concen. odd number squadron, we should in the absence of any equivalent peace of the British poor law relief render to Italy, is not surprising, among nations who are essential tration at those points of fleets give each fleet one spare ship. possible enemy concentration in requirements up to 21 ships. system, is discharged by the It is indicated that Russin is only realists, than it is in Britain. strong enough to deal with any This brings our capital ship of the Powers which will lead the This admission shows that the that aren. In practice, however, The size of these ships will not Hongkong Society for the Pro-strong opposition to the sugges- present naval strength is in the geographical positions of be considered here. The car.. tection of Children, are un- tions contained in The Intest sufficient.. Either the Navy has these focal points of trade and dinal principle of economy of mimous in their opinion that no Franco-British formula for the been allowed to drop below the the geographical situations of force dictates that they shall be other organisation in the Colony | solution of the Italo-Ethiopian "One-Power standard," or the the maritime Powers enables as small as possible consistent is doing a finer or more neces-problem. From the time of their "One-Power standard" is too us to achieve further economy with the forces with which they

to the Longue, the It is, there-adherence sury piece of work.

of force without sacrificing may be engaged, and this for both fore, all the more regrettable Russians have held the pose of the small for security, that at a moment when the So- protectors of the weaker ntions ciety is assuming added respon- and the guardians of minorities, treaties, and particularly that of security. For example, a fleet many years has been the policy

the principle appears to London, while ostensibly based at Singapore would not only give of the British Admiralty.

protection to that particular The calculation of cruiser re sibilities, the support of the have been at variance with certain upon the need for a "One-Power focal point of trade, but also to quirements is more difficult. public should decline rather than practices of the Soviet within its standard" of naval strength for the focal area south of Ceylon.For tactical-and-strategical-ren- increase. During the past year, own immediate sphere of influence.the British Empire, contained a the Society has handled 1.173. We are thinking of the fate of number of clauses which, com-

For these reasons we are en- sons each fleet must have new cases, affecting the welfare Georgia, whose independence, of 2,176 children. This repre- promised by Moscow, was given bined with the after-effects of abled to cut down the points at cruiser squadron of six ships sents an increase in eases of 213 seant consideration when the re- the Great War (in that the great which we need naval concentra attached for fleet duties. That over the previous year's figures. volution had arrived at a point muss of our naval tonnage falls tion to "cover" our trade routes gives a flest requirement of 18 cruisers. But here again we where It felt itself sufficiently due for replacement practically to three; namely: Against that fact has to be

An Atlantic Fleet based upon must allow for ships being out of placed another that the ordin-strong to forget its pledges. We at the same moment), have re-

Gibraltar. This fleet could commission for refitting, and. are remembering the horrors resulted in reducing the naval

"cover" the focal areas of the must therefore allow one spare ary income for the past year is ported from the Ukraine, and the strength of the Empire below the more than $8,000 below that of revclting treatment of certain of accepted "One-Power standard.” Atlantic, acting as a strong sup- ship to each fleet. This gives a the previous twelve months, the Cossack communities. But It is in the question of trade purting force to patrolling and total flect requirement in crui- with the result that the year all that is irrelevant. The fact is defence that we find a known

convoying forces. In peace-time sers of 21 ships. there seems no reason why this shows a shortage of more than that Russia is a power to be reckoned and virtually invariable factor

fleet should not be based at home, There remains the problem of $7,000. Obviously this state of with, at the Geneva Council table from which to calculate exactly

for the transference to Gibraltar the trade routes themselves. where inter- anywhere elso affairs, following deficits in the

national affairs are under con- the naval strength required for

could be carried out rapidly at the The three fleets are covering three previous years, cannot go sideration. Ani if Russia opposes security. The threat to the threat of war.

forces for the great focal points. on indefinitely; but it is equally the Franco-British peace terms in trade routes may, and does, A Mediterranean Fleet. This of trade and in no way obviate olear that it would be little short this instance, France will be in-change, but the trade routes re- fleet covers not only the Mediter- the necessity for patrols and of disastrous for the Society to clined to listen.

main and so does the obligation ranean itself, which is, in effect, escorts. The Empire trade curtail its activities. The posi-

one vast focal area of trade, but to defend them from harm in all tion has become so serious that, The impression given by the circumstances that may arise. unless further public support is enbled reports from Parts and forthcoming, it may become Geneva is that the peace formula necessary to draw on the Peel which will be offered to Signor IT is only logical that the de-

much morc Fund, a substantial portion of Mussolini is very

fence of our overseas trade which, it was hoped, would have generous than that suggested by should form the starting point in been available for the purpose was judged "an aggressor" by the strength which we require, for it the Committee of Five before Italy a computation of the naval of some, permanent memorial of League of Nations. That the op- the overseas trade which is Sir William's great interest in position will contend, is dangerous.

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the Society. The situation is It will smack overmuch of the most vulnerable point of the one which has caused consider surrender to Rome, at a time when British Empire. And it is also

(Continued on Pant 4.)

•

one

covers the Red Sea and the Indian routes total 85.000 miles. The Ocean focal areas from the West, maximum average distance of An Eastern Fleet based upon trade route which can be cover- Singapore. This fleet would not ed by a cruiser may be consider- only "cover" the trade of the ed as in the neighbourhood of South China const, but would act 2,000 miles. This figure is based as support for the protection of upon one-fifth of the radius of the Australian and New Zealand action of the modern cruiser, trade. Moreover, it would protect and can be accepted only because the trade of the Indian Ocean the patrols over one section of from the East.

trade routes will, in any conceiv- These three fleets would pro-

able anxiety to the Executive a sign of weakness on the League's the most essential factor in our vide covering support for the able circumstances, be capable Committee, which, however, part will wreck that body's reputa-preservation. Our practically protection of all the trade routes of reinforcement at the expense after serious consideration, has

complete dependence upon the of the Atlantic Ocean and the of less important or less threat- traffics of the trade routes is Eastern trade routes as far as ened routes, come to the conclusion that the Society should continue itsWhat that means is almost be- demonstrated by the fact that Singapore, and, to some extent, Working upon these assump- activities without curtailment yond the comprehension of the the nourishment of our popula- beyond. These fleats are re- tions, we find that the total num- until it has spent the last dollar average resident of the Colony, tion requires the arrival of, on quired by real and lasting needs, bers of cruisers required for entrusted to it by the public. Since the Society was formed the average, 50,000 tons of food Their composition must depend trade route work is 42 ships. No-one with any regard for com- four years ago, it has dealt with every day in the year, and that to some extent at least upon the These should be supplemented by munal responsibilities can read no fewer than 4,292 cases, in the determined attack made international situation and the a further eight ships in reserve the annual report of the Society volving the well-being of well upon our sea routes by the relative strengths of navies, but and ready to take over duties without being impressed both by over 8,000 children-a truly German submarines in 1917 their existence does not.

while other ships are off the the magnitude of the task which magnificent work. One of the brought us to within. a few- Two of these fleets already trade routes for fuelling, refit- it is discharging and by the most pleasing features of the So-weeks of starvation and defeat. exist, and the building of the ting, &c. This gives a trade splendid manner in which the cloty's activities is to be found This overseas trade upon Singapore. base is evidence route requirement of 50 crui- organisation is seeking to alle in the fact that Chinese and which we are so dependent is enough that the major strategy sers, and, adding this to the fleet viate the lot of the poorest of Europeans unite In this social literally world-wide. The ocean of the British Empire recognises requirements in cruisers, we find the poor. It is revealed that the service, willingly giving of their trade routes all over the world the necessity for this third fleet. that the total cruiser require average monthly Income per time and energies on behalf of are used by British ships bring-

monis amount to 71 ships.

cach one of these three It is interesting to note that

hend in the cases dealt with by | the needy. It is an obligation | ing- commodities and raw THE actual composition of the Society last year reaches à resting on the public generally materials to these islands. The now low record of $2.01-to see that their efforts are problem, therefore, resolves it fleets must, to some extent, de this calculation produces almost figure revealing a degree of adequately backed up. We self into how to achieve world- pond upon circumstances and the Identical figure for cruiser poverty which it is difficult to therefore urgently appeal to all wide security without reducing the relative strengths of foreign requirements as that stated to be visualise. More than that, of acctions of the community to do the nation to bankruptcy at the navies compared with our own. the minimum by the late Earl the new cases dealt with, no all in their power to rid the out-expense of armaments.

But the possibility, in emer- Jellicoe, who, as First Sea Lord fewer than 749 families wore look of the Society of the heavy It would obviously be impos- geney, of reinforcing one fleet during 1917, had more expori- unable to afford the scant accom- anxiety which now rests upon sible to achieve security for our at the expense of one or both of ence of trade defence in face of modation of a cubicle, having to it, remembering that he gives world-wide trade by the station- the others reduces the vari- the German submarine, threat. be content with bed-spaces! twice who gives quickly.

ing of warships at shore inter- ability of this factor. This can than any man alive,