1935-12-10 — Page 20

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DEATH

Hongkong Telegraph.

THEBAY, DAY, 10, 1995.

The tupe of es viser muse me. Ching fitalion, H.3.3. Korfolk, one of the 10,000 ton "Washington Treaty Pedleris, vitally needed by the titles jus propieting in E onihin.

By Lieut.-Commander

KENNETH EDWARDS,

R.N. (Ret.)

'he accepted for "wo reasons, Firstly, the necessty of our en gagement with injor naval Powers, both in the Cast and the West, is never like to arise: and, secondly, the gographical position of our three keeta would enable either the Atlantic or the Eastern Fleet to be apidly re- inforced at the expere of the the Mediterranean Fleet, or Mediterranean, Fleet tobe rapid- ly reinforced from either the Ve can. Atlantic or the East. therefore, confine ourselves to the minimum' requirements in order to make each.one of thre

In the days of the Power were

standard" haldeshe WHAT naval strength is warning, and invins ennust be vals along all the trade routes, fleets an efficient and self-

required to give security built, manned, and handed into The length of the important contained unit.

it state of effeloney at a mo: trade routes totals some 85,000

so numerous that thy to the British Empire meur's wotice. Moreover, Papal miles. Some alternative must Most thinking people will changes in naval strength, gre be found which will combine the unwounded. For tunstmum of security with the

ships. Thus we built ships say that it depends upon the extremely

level of naval neomomy, both of force and of "classes" of five. To-day thêm

an embarrassment, for eith state of interuational affairs. these resume it is necessary to test posible degree of operated in divisions of the {That is perfectly true: the decide upon ak

strength that with give sperity funds.

Remy of the longest trade ship of another class is includ viously, greater strength is under on Cúntitions which II is needed in time of wrists than possible tu Teresen, and is only routes in the world are those in a "battle squadron," or t teak. In pencetime there are sion" of three ships and one di- when the nations are living mensuals in bus to the funds which rim, nerving the Paelle squadron consists of one "di many Brit- ahijm upon the son of two ships. Both the in anity with me anyther: daalde, At such a time strength bes ront that needs for police that dritts of Futis, but, impully, we can af are tactically undesirable. To this penture the strength of ford to market, the protection of theally, it is desirable to form dulled appears supperthus, the Hellish Navy was computed trans-Pacile trade in time of battle squadron of six ship

Now of its Folaties unimportance an of three ships.' upon what was louvy s the with. This is possible treause divided into two divisions, ea

Pwn-Power stamfærd.?

Naval strength, linerven ein not bus titled upon that basis. the international situation may thangos raplily and withoui

Fu

in the

11

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be beset ujuan a. "One-Power far as mere essentials are cons

for capital ships, it will I stampa forelpo nity the exography to Bank for reducing ACCEPTING this tactical ur standářik” or parity with the vernet. In this respect we have wort: Then "aundards" are due Psponsibilities.

In this matter of trade defence on that each fleet should co it merely empfied. They are

Reography codes to one reacts vist of six capital ships—a tos NOTES OF THE DAY averde worked out.

It is bufversally neknavledged again and again. But it also of 18 capital ships, Ships, how Plads Uzenbi leysi, un the th

using that the British Navy is Provides puluts at whfel: Tendo la ever, have to be æfitted period make sure that at no time wi Honeylon, 135, in London: ERGİ

*** JOLETS FOR AGGRESSORS

jind string vinnigh la digemege particularly vulnerable to attuch eally. In order, therefore, 1

l theory, the adequate pro. any of our three fleets sutter Mistur af alton M. Þilo.. 19. I muistel (Shanphet rapi The perturbation unit bezatilment file ghuty of protecting the Fagpirn by Frason of the density, Home J

of butterone jones al torta atland Empire interests. It is

stuminent that this. fact is lection of the fornt points of tactical embarassment of a 1 p

holled more clearly abroad, ride would entail the concen. odd number squadron, we shock app th

pojmanie, render to Haly, in auteurprising. Ang nations who are essential, Iration at these points of fleets give each fleet one spare this possible enemy concentration in requirements up to 21 shir It is indicated that Russin betely realists, tum it is in Britain, strong enough to deal with my This brings our capital shi This nimission shows that the but area. In practice, however, The size of these ships will no of the Powers which will lead the strong opposition to the suggen present naval strength is in the geographical positions of be considered here. The car latest sullelent. Either the Navy has these focal points of trade und dinal principle of economy o tions contained

the been allowed to drop below the the geographical situations of force dictates that they shail t Franco-British formula for

of the Italo-Ethiopian"One-Power standard," or the the maritime Powers enables as small as possible consiste REAL SOCIAL SERVICE solution

problem. From the time of their "One-Power standard" is 100 us to achieve further economy with the forces with which they

Actually

sacrificing may be engaged, and this fer the League, the

of force without naval The BPH true, Those who have knowledge of adhereure to the splendid social service which, Russians have held the pose of the mall for security,

protection to that particular The calculation of cruiser re- more difEcult. in the absence of any equivalent protectors of the weaker mations both

quirements is though of the British poor law relief and the guardians of minorities, treaties, and particularly that of verify. For example, a fleet many years has been the polies

the principle appears to Erndon," while astonally but gapore would not only give of the British Admiraity.

For tactical and strategical rea- system. is discharged by the been at variance with coat upon the need for a "One-Power focal point of trade, but also to Hongkong Society for the Trails of the fb with its standard" of naval strength for the fort aren south of Ceylon, tection of Children, are Una imunodiste span of bilguape (the British Bandje, contained-a-

For these repom we are en nom each-flect must have one animous in their opinion that no We are thinking at the fate of number of rindses which, com-

Win Todas hint with the after-effects of abled to cut down the points at cruiser squadron of six ships her organisation in the Colony ↑ Gorgiu, is doing a finer or more nege- | promised by Mnum, wae efirent War (in that the grail which we need naval concentra, attached for feet duties. That sury piece of work. It is, there- mam coneid putton when the re-

where it fall fecit "cofficiently due for replacement practically to three; namely: that at a moment when the Femmy in forget its pledges. We at the same monient), have re- GAERREPIKESE ore, all the more regrettable plutim, had arrived at a pon muss of our naval tonnage falls tion to "cover" our trade routes gives a fleet requirement of IS

diety is assuming wide respon- are remembering de formate resulted in reducing the naval· kibilities, the support of the parted from the Ukraine, and the strength of the Empire below the

But publie should decline rather than reyting treatment of certain of aerupted "One-Power standard.“ 11is in the question of trade Increase, During the past year, the Coccars communities. the Hoddiety has handled 1,17% all that is irrelevant. The furt is dufenes that we find a knoya new ensen, affecting the welfare that Kuselu je a power in her re krned and virtually invariable factor where inter-from which to caleninfe exnetly of 2,176 children. This repre- with, at the fitnesa Brunei) kable

the under on the naval strength required for sendes u inergise in ruses of 213 or sugere dee

mtioni anaire par over the previous year's figures, ideration. And if Russia poses cenurity, The thread to Against the fact has to be the Fromm-British neare terme in trade routes may, and does, placed another that the ordin-this instance, Fraure will be figlunes, but the trade routes re. iry Income for the past year is lined in lieben. inore than 23,000 below that of

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the previous twelve months, | The Impressing given by the reports from Paris and will the result that the year cabled shows a siprtage of more than Boneve is that the pure formula

(Continued on Page-11.j $7,000, Ohylously this state of affairs, following defeits in the

main and so does the obligation in defend them from hurt in all circumstances that may arise,

cruisern. Bot here again' we An Atlantic Fleet based upon must allow for ships being out of fient could commission for refitting, and Gibraltar. This

the must therefore allow one spare This gives a Allantie, weling as a strong ent- ship to each fleet. "auver" the focal areas of porting force to patrolling and total flect requirement in crui convaying forces. In pence-time sers of 21 ships. Thera Bee no reason why this

There remains the problem of fleet should not be based at home, for the transference to Graltar the trade routes themselves. could be carried out rapidly at the The three fleets are covering forces for the great focal points threat of war..

A Mediterranens Fleet. This of trade and in no way obviate fleet covers not only the Mediter- the necessity for patrols and ramenn Itrelf, which is, in effect; escorts. The Empire trade one vast focal area of trade, but routes total 85,000 miles. The. covers the Red Sea and the Indian. Dean focal areas from the West, maximum accrago.distance of I trade route which can be cover- An Eastern Fleet based "apen. Singapore. This fleet would not ed by a cruiser may be consider- only "cover" the trade of the ed as in the neighbourhood of IT is only fichead that the de- Tepose of our oversens trade

South China coast, but would act 2,000 miles. This figure is based na support for the protection of upon one-fifth of the radius of The Australian and New Zealand action of the modern cruiser, three previous years, cannot pol the Noriely last your renches should form the starting point in

trade. Moreover, it would protect and can be accepted only because. op indefinitely's last it is equally new low record of $2,61-nja computation of the naval

the trade of the Indian Ocean the patrols over one section of dear that it would be little sho't figure revealing a degree of stringth which we require, for il

froni the East.

trade routes will, in any conceiy- of dienstrous for the Busjuty poverty which it is difficult to be the overed trade which is

These three fleets would pro- euphal its activities. The post-visualize. More than that, or the most vulnerable point of the thon has hemana so sorinus Hut, the new cases doull with, no British Empire, And IL is nieu jubiss further public expquirt le fower than 740 families were the most esential factor in our vitte covering support for the "ble circumstances,, be capable

ened routes. forthcoming, it may from unable to afford the sent accom: preservation. Our practically protection of all the trade routes of reinforcement at the expense peressary to draw on the Paul modalkm of a cubilele, faving to completo dependence upon the of the Atlantic Ocean and the of less important or less thrent- Working upon these assump- Punt, & substantial portion of he cuntent with bod-spacon!; truflies of the trade routes Bastern trade routes' as far as

re- tions, we find that the total num- which, it was hopes, would have What that means is almost be demonstrated by the fact that Singapore, and, to some extent, Lesen available for the purpose yond the comprehension of the the nourishment of our popala- beyond. These fleets are of some periganent memorial of average resident of the Colony, tion requires the arrival of, on quired by real and lasting needs, bers of cruisers required for Sir William's great interest in Bines the Hoelety was formed the averagų, 50,000 tons of food 'Their composition must depend trade route work is 42 ships, the Hoojely. The situation is four yeays ago, it has doult with every day in the year, and that to some extent at least upon the These should be suppleniented by Our Be routes by the relative strengths of navice, but and ready to take over duties ope which has enused consider: no fewer thin 4,209 cases, in the determinar attack made International situation and the a further eight ships in reserve while other ships are off the alle anxiety to the Executive volving the well-being of well upon

Two of theso fleets already trade routes for fuelling, reft- This gives a trade Committee, which, however, over 14,000 children- truly German submarines in 1917 their existence does not. after serious consideration. lns magnificent work. One of the bright as to within a few

base is evidence route requirement of 50 crui- This overseas trade upon Singapore come to the coneliston that the most pleasing features of the So-weeks of starvation und defent. exist, and the building of the ting, &c. Noetely should continue ita eloty's nettvillos le to be found nativifies without curtaliment | bi The fact that Chin and which we are so dopendont is enough that the major strategy sers, and, adding this to the fleet until it has spent the last dollar | Europeans unite to this socialiterally world-wide. The ocean of the British Empire recognises requirements in cruisers, we find

monta amount to 71 ships. entrusted to it by the public, service, willingly giving of their trade routes all over the world the necessity for this third fleet. that the total cruiser require-

and raw THE actual composition of commodities

It is interesting to note that No-one with any regard for com- fine and energon on behalf or are used by British ships bring

ench ono of these three | monal responsibilities can read the newly. It la an obligation | Ing the annual report of the Rolety | restlog on the públic enerally materials to these islands. Tho without being impressed both by | to' Hop that their efforts are problem; therefore, resolves it- fleets must, to some extent, de this calculation produces almost. We self into how to achieve world pend upon circumstances and the identical figure for cruiser barked up the magnitude of the task which | adequately it is discharging and by the therefore urgently appeal to all wide security without reducing the relative strengths of foreign requirements as that stated to be But the possibility, in emer- Jellicoe, who, as First Sun Lord aplendid miner in which the section of the community to do the nation to bankruptcy at the navies compared with our own, the minimum by the late Earl. organisation is seeking to alle all in their power to rid the out- expenso of armaments. plate the lot of the poorest or look of the Soulety of the heavy the poor. It la revealed that the anxiety which now rests upon average monthly Income per H. remembering that he gives head in the cases dealt with by twice who gives quickly,

•

It would obviously bo impos-gency, of reinforcing and fleet during 1917, had more experi- alble to achievo security for our at the expense of one or both of ence of trade defence in face of world-wide trade by the station- the others reduces the vari- the German submarine throat ing of warships at shore-inter- ability of this factor. This can than any man alive.

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