1935-08-01 — Page 14

4,000 TONS OF SOOT

NAVY'S BIG PROBLEMS

DOWN FROM SMOKE | HEAVY TOLL OF RUST

OF EDINBURGH -

AND BARNACLES -

COST OF £567,000 LAST YEAR

Four thousand tons of soot fell on Edinburgh last year, causing dam- ago, which, combined with other. losses through inefflelent combus- tion, amounted to £567,000. ·

This is revealed in the report by Mr. Allan W. Ritchie, Chief Sani- tary Inspector, who directs atten tion to smoke pollution in Scotland's Capital.

Paradoxically, he says, the pollu- tion of the atmosphere in our in- dustrial centres is common: dally experience which can only be attri buted to the acceptance of smoke ∙as a necessary ovil; to Ignorasce of the elementary principles of com- bustion and their scientific applica. tion to Industrial plant, or to a lack of appreciation of utility and economic advantages of smokeless forms of power,

The evil effects of smoke should require no emphasis. It not only seriously pollutes the atmosphere but it also reduces the quantity of aunshine as well as obstructs the daylight. Experiments have shown that in our great citien fully 40 por cont. of the light is shut out by this cause. Records over a considerable period have proved that the death- rate decreases as sunshine in- creases, Indicating that the amount of sunshine is one of the factors governing health.

THEE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH THURSDAY AUGUST 1, 1986,

PRISONER'S DEATH

IN ADVANCED STATE OF TUBERCULOSIS

An inquoet Into the death of a male prisoner, Lam Tin, aged 23, who died In the Victoria Grol hospital yortor.

NO FEAR OF GASay morning was conducted by: Mr.

WARFARE

Macfadyen sitting as Coroner at the Central Magistracy in the afternoon, assisted by a jury comprising

Messen Morsa (Foroman), G. R. M.

Twenty-nine million tons of Arts and F. J. Naves arder oft

fron and steel are dissipated in rust every year;

One hundred and Afty thousand pounds is spent annually by our Navy In removing barnacles;

Drinking water is gross compar; ed with the refined "water needed

These wore some of the pointa made in 'n paper read to the con- ference of the Society of Chemical Industry at Glasgow, by Comman- der J. Bedale, R.N., of the Engineer-in-Chief's Office at the Admiralty.

Mr.-H. Barrett, chlof Victoris Gaol, stated that decreed, prisoner No. 18222, was sentenced on June 17 to undergo three months* imprisonment with hard labour. He was admitted to Victoria Gaol hospital on June 28, where he died at 4.30

in the

to run a modern ship'a boiler; yesterday morning. Witness at 12.30.

Gas warfare holds no horrors pm. the same day identified the body for tho Navy, sinco such in

as that of Dr. Shaw, as presence methods of attack would be rela-of Lam Tim

Dr. G. 1. Shaw, medical officer of tively ineffective.

ceased was admitted to gaol he was Victoria Gaol, stated that when do- found to be suffering from tubar culosis, The man was put on half- labour which meant that he did no work at all. He was admitted to the examination Commander Bedalo sald over 90 bacteriologically,

ho was per cent of the effective ships in The condition of deceased rapidly bo-

suffering the Navy, submarines excepted, came worso, and ho dled yesterday were now propelled by highly

morning at 4.00 A post-mortem was forced steam plants which relied on- conducted later and revealed extensive tirely on a number of chemical pro- tuberculosis, The lunga were in a and tests, ceased's voice had gone. The actual

dreadful Instruments,

so much so that do state, without which, in certain circum-ceased stances, they could not operate tuberculosis and generalized

WAS pulmonary

CRARCA,

at all.

THE BOILER EPICURE

One of Commander Bedale's points was the importance of pure feed water for boilers.

"In the olden days," he remark- ed, seamen were not too particu- lar even about the drinking water," and much water was used for this purpose which nowadays would be cast away as foul. Tho

The effect of smoke on buildings and furnishings is also quite ap- parent Apart from the deposit of Aoot which blackens and disfigures buildings, a corrosive action of the stonework occurs on many build- ings due to the effect of sulphurmodern taste, however, is groka produced from coal and this results

On the steeples of French churches "now" one finds the new and delicate sound detectors which will give the alarm in the wwant of air raidı.

in, the face of the stonework flák- ing off. A similar action is pro- duced on ironwork that is not con- stantly cienned and painted. Vegetation also suffers from 'sul- phur impurities which polson the soll. The green leaves are soot- Inden and suspended smoke in the nir deprives plant life of the necos-- sary sunshine and light so essential to growth.

CO-OPERATION

For a number of years the Do- partment has been co-operating. with the Atmospheric Pollution Research Committee of the Depart- ment of Scientific and Industrial Research in order to ascertain the extent of almospheric pollution within the city. For this purpose three atmospheric pollution deposit gauges are stationed as follows One at Leith Linke, one at Brunts- fold House, and one at West Princes Street Gardens. Statistica for the year ending December 1934 show that the mean monthly de posits in total solids per square mille ware 15.665 tons in Laith, 13.889

compared with the fastidiousness of the modern boiler.

"A present-day naval water tube boiler is a vory epicure and demands to be fed with the purest de-aerated distilled water obtain- able. Failing this, corrosion, scal. ing, priming-or all throe--may be expected."

prison hospital on June 26,

both

jenuse of death

culoals.

clinicere, on 1

and

, it was confirmed that from tuberculosis.

tuber-

After slating that they did not wish | to see the body, the jury returned a verdict of death from natural causes.

CHEMISTRY AND WAR

BRITAIN MUST BE

PREPARED

LESSON OF 1914

A plea that Britain should be chemically prepared for war was This distilled water, Comman-made by Dr. E. F. Armstrong, the der Bedale went on, was very scientist, at the annual meeting pleasant to wash in but very flat and conference of the Society of for drinking:

| Chemical Industry in Glasgow.

Commander Bedalo went on to deal with chemical warfare, It gave rise, he said, to no problems peculiar to the Navy. Indeed, many held the opinion that the use of such gases against ships was likely to be rare since, if it were possible to approach suf- ficiently near ships to employ them, explosives were likely to be more effective.

Dr. Armstrong was the recipient of the medal of the Society, "For conspicuous services to Chemistry," and after receiving the honour gave an address entitled "Tho Past, the Present, and the Future."

"It cannot be gainaaid that the! war found us chemically unpro- pared,"

un-

GERMANY DECLARES

WAR ON RUSSIA:

BY MORRIS GILBERT

IT'S August 1, 1914-and war! Swiftly, now, move tragic events that finally embroil the whole of Europe in armed conflet such as the world never before has NEON

Paris. 3.45 p.m.-Goneral mobilisation ordered.

Berlin. 4 p.m-General mobilisation ordered. War declared on Russla.

London.-French ambassador `pleads with Sir Edward Gray to reach a decision. He adds: “After the naval agreement between our two countries by which our fleet has been concentrated in the

THE BRITISH FLEET . . MOBILISES Mediterranean to permit yours to concentrate in the North Sea, with the result that If the Gorman fleet chose to dentroy Calais, Boulogne, and Cherbourg, wo could not oppoco the resistance, you tell me that your government cannot decide to intervene. How can I send such a message to my government?"

Sir Edward observes that no written agreement exists and that the decision rests with parliament alone.

Winston Churchill, again acting on his own hook, gives orders for the British fleet to mobilize. "We had no authority to call out the naval reserves," he declares in his Memoirs. The 'act was ratifled next day by the cabinet,

Mary Pickford, Charlie Chaplin, Samuel Goldman and Al Lichtman, when the latter had just been informed of his slection as President of

Hollywood's Associated Film Actors.

stated Dr. Armstrong. "If it la true that another war- may it be very remote-will make an ever greater, in fact, an COST OF CORROSION

precedented call on our chemical UA to be Proceeding, Commander Bedale resources, it behoves

a lump of coal sequences; the replacement of Baid it had been estimated that prepared to make in quantity all unition, from 20,000,000 tons of Iron and stool those substances which are likely and a blade of grass to the most cotton was near at hand. Synthe- complex optical instrument. Gly- tie rubber would follow. Nitrates, are dissipated in the form of rust to be required at short notice,"

The modern mass-production corine and nitric acid had very could be taken from the air. Coal ovory year and, with it, four or five times as much coal or coke plants could not be improvised, different uses in peace and in war, and water or carbon and hydro- involved in its production. continued Dr. Armstrong and al-It was; however, essential ingen-were-providing solvents, mo- Tho figures just quoted for the though it was possible to build peace that we maintained those tive oils, and the over-increasing industries in active rango of useful and essential annual cost of steel corrosion them quickly, this only held true chemical aro," he said, "astonishing, and when the constructional material being which in war would furnish products known to all. if a similar estimate were made, was available with quick delivery, the plants and the material and

of the losses due to the fouling The chemical industry's ability the chemists necessary for war

of ship bottoms, the result would to expand rapidly to supply war production.

also be remarkable,

"All the dry docke of the world

the seas pays a daily toll in ex- tra fuel burned.

There was going to be no and

to the range of possibilities. When-

needs would be very important.

In the chemical, industry, as Even more essential would be indeed in all other mattors, stated

ever the team of chemist and en- gineer really turn their hands to the plough, large-scalo produc

reach.

Dr.

aro Alled for the greater part of the avaliability of the technical Dr. Armstrong, the past 25 years]tion and new low costs, permitting the year not with ships requiring personnel capable of handling the largely divided Itself into the wara large extension of the use of repairs to their plates, rudders, intricate manufacturing problems, period and its aftermath. During propellers, or underwater fittings, as well as those emergency pro- the former. we found ourselves the product, would be within but simply for the removal of blems which must be solved in the lamentably unprepared, and were barnacles, while every ship upon shortest possible time.

forced at first to improvise and PROSPECTIVE MUNITIONS

"The future," concluded. later to build manufacturing Armstrong, "concerns us all for One would like to forget the plants on a scale never previously more than the past or the prosent; "A concrete figura may help. war period from many points of attained. It was undisputed that these count in so far as the ex- The annual cost of docking ships view, added Dr Armstrong, though chemists and the chemical Indus-perience gained qualifies us to of our own Navy alone for this present-day happenings made that try came well out of the search-make the best provision for the purpose, even at its present re-unwise when the question of ing ordeal. During the past-war future. It is a time for planning duced strength, is on the order chemical productivity came under period, it had been for us to take wisely and well. Cheap money of £150,000 a year. And yet it review. In penca time, chemicals to heart the lessons we had glves the Industrialist the oppor- is economien to do 60.

were definitely, and absolutely not learned. munitions, though there were -cranks-sufficiently-crazy-to-claim)

OLD PROBLEM

CHEMISTS' OPPORTUNITY

modernise tunity to extend or his plant. Now is the time to introduce now methods or econ- manufacturing

"The problem," Commander the contrary. Neither chemists | Commenting on the future, Dr. omies Into the Bedale added, "has, of course, nor chemistry made war. In war Armstrong said that the discovery processes. We chemists have our engaged attention for centurica." everything became a prospective of rayon had profound social con-opportunity as never before."

A visit by ships to the Yang- tze, he also remarked, was almost as good as a docking for remov- ing underwater growths, because fresh water disagreed with the marine growths accumulated in salt water.

can

Commander Bedale mentioned that by a modern method of air conditioning, EL submarino remain below for eight hours without undue discomfort to the crow.

As our submarines are now em- ployed in tropical waters to a greater extent than formerly, at- tention was boing given to me- thods of de-humidifying the air.

tons in Bruntsfield, and 24.823 tons in West, Princes Street Gardens, averaging 17.875 tons, which in equivalent to approximately 4,000 tons of deposits in total solids falling upon the built-up area of the city for the year,"

Efforts have been made to assess the monetary cost of smoke to elties band, whilst it is quite impossible tó obtain any dedzibe: figures, lap- proxiidate estimates, published by National Smoke: Abatement

Inclusive ofdinemcient com Lémisme to bull

LAST DAY OF GORDON'S

SHOE SALE SATURDAY

August 3rd.

Hongkong's Ladies' Shoe Specialists.

WHY GAMBLE AGAINST ODDS?

In snopsixoly, for any stance. VERICHROMI Film gets the pictures where ordinary hims fad See that it com414

in the yellow box with checkered stripes

Kodak

TRICHROME-FILM

SELOchrome

Extra FAST ROLL

FILM

AND

ILFORD

BROMIDE PAPER

MAKE A PERFECT

COMBINATION

FOR YOUR

COMPETITION PICTURES

ILFORD BROMIDE PAPERS IN A LARGE SELECTION OF ART SURFACES ARE NOW AVAILABLE

ILFORD LIMITED

CHUNG TIN BUILDING. TELEPHONE 33067.

--HONG KONG SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN The Society asks for $25.000

in 1935 to continue its work

alck and destitute children.

Hon