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THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1935.
NOTES OF THE DAY TWO CONSTITUTIONS OF The Very Idea!
AMERICA'S NEUTRALITY
To many Americans who want really to do something about peace, current efforts to take the war out of neutrality have appeared to offer n most practical and promising beginning, says an American con- temporary. A more resoluto and peaceful neutrality polley seemed to afford common ground on which active paciflats could unite with genuine laolationists to reduce the And It looked at dangers of war. first glance like a simple thing to provide in advance for an embargo
TWO
GREAT NATIONS
By WINSTON CHURCHILL
IN LIGHTER VEIN The sweet young thing was proudly, if not proficiently, driving_
TWO remarkable incidents in Jadmits all has worked out well. her now streamlined sports model. the present fortnight throw the The good sense of the British Coming to a busy trame point she strong light of current events upon public, the experience and training found the red "stop" light against the political institutions of the of our political classes, the respect United States and of Great Britain. (of our unwritten Constitution and
To her annoyance, when tho
her.
In America the Supreme Court tradition have carried us through. green "go" light appeared, she dis- has given a unanimous judgment But the imprudence of trying to covered that her engine had stalled. on loans or goods that might in which stultifies and largely para conduct the whole affairs of a Soveral minutes of frantic fumb- volve Amerken in a "foreign" fight. Lyaes the whole vast polley of socialmighty State and Empire without ling followed in which she could But all sorts of difficulties have and economic change embodied in any fundamental laws, without any not get the car to budge an inch. The traffic policeman then came cropped up. To-day the movement Prealdent Roosevelt's National Re-effective second Chamber, with a constitutional Sovereign noting up- needs patient but persistent Upcovery Act. In England a new
over to her, and, touching his hel on the advice of Ministers, and port. It is threatened from two
Prime sider. The first and least serious Government with a new
without the aid of any supreme met, politely inquired, "Haven't wo danger la that it will be caught in Minister is in process of formation.
When got any colours you like, miss?" court, leaves him nghaat. These transactions Illustrate in a a legislative log jam at the end of
the profound we speak of his present plight he this Congressional session. Recent revealing manner $10.50
reminds us of our ever-present ly & most significant development differences between the Constitu-
Insecurity.
A door knob fa a thing a revolv- passed almost unnoticed. Senators
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THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1935.
ANGLO-AMERICAN FRIENDSHIP
on
DIZZY DEFINITIONS
Nye, Clark and Pittman paid a visittions under which the two English- to the White House to discuss speaking democracies have come to dom lies. measures for restricting arm ex- dwell. porta. Mr. Nye and Mr. Clark, with the impetus and experience of the munitions inquiry behind them, have been pressing for an embargo Mr. on supplies to belligerents, Pittman, chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, has not die- played any noticeable enthusiasm on
the the subject. After
White House visit, it transpired that a measure-Would be considered by Mr. Pittman's committee. This in State Department plan for licensing munitions exports. It is a much less ambitious proposal than the bolstering of neutrality by embargoes. It fits with the scheme for international supervision of the monitions trade put forward by the United States at Geneva. It is similar to the plan by which for
It is very difficult for us to realise the kind of deadlock which
At the same time wo In this stones are a pavement that people has been reached in the United island are the passive spectators of would rather were asphalt than- States, Imagine, for instance, this gigantic-India Bill, passed through an immense change in the persona fern is a plant that you are sup Parliament and for two or three net, and possibly in the character, posed to water once a day, but if executive you don't it wlits, and if you do it years in netive operation through of the whole of our
New Ministers will wilts anyway, only, not so soon- out the whole of India, suddenly be-Government. ing declared illegal by the Law fill the greatest offices. The bend summer is a season that in winter
A
Warni ks-cream is something
which dry cereal doesn't taste as
*
new-and possibly, an alternative Lords sitting as a tribunal. Ima-, of the Government is to be ching you wish you could keep your house gine-lo take an instance nearer cd. A different Cabinet will meet home--wime gigantic measure of after Whitsuntide. Yet in all these insurance as big as the widows changes neither Parlament nor the pensions, health and employment electorate require to be consulted good without it, unless you use insurance rolled together which in any way. Nevertheless everyone milk but haven't any. had deeply interwoven itself in nccepts this as a matter of course, the whole life of the people, upon
What is the explanation? which every kind of contract and business arrangement had been It is that British Governments bared. being declared to have no live from day to day only upon the Teacher: "Now, Robert, what alidity by a court of law. We approval of the House of Commons. are you doing-learning some- simply cannot conceive it. Yet There is no divorce between the thing?" something very like that has Executive and Legislature. The occurred on the other side of the Ministers, new or old. must be Robert: "No, sir; I'm listening- Atlantic.
chosen from men and parties which } to you."
some
years
NASTY!
TURN ABOUT
Great Britain has licensed munition-making with very little result in the stopping of supplies to anybody who wanted to fight. The question now is whether In our country an Act of Parlia-in the aggregate will command a majority in the House of Commons an attempt is being made to sub-ment which, upon the advice of the when it ressembles after the holi- Ministers responsible for it, has stitute this mild form of restraint
days. received the Royal Assent is the
Man (to neighbour): "I wish for the outright embarge method.
Law of the land. Its authority can- If the new Prime Minister form- not be questioned by any court. ed a Government which offended you would sell that dog. Yester- There is no limit to the powers of the House of Commons, he and his day, my daughter had to stop her Should embargo proposals escape Crown and Parliament. Even the colleagues could be dismissed in an singing because your dog was whin- this kind of sidetrucking, they will gravest changes in our Constitu-afternoon, and someone else woulding all the time." still face serious questioning: Howtion can be carried out by simple have to try again to meet the
of majority votes in both Houses and wishes of the Assembly. If the Neighbour: "I'm can America retain freedom action? Would shutting oil supplies the Ponsequential assent of the House of Commons gave its support your daughter started it." to all belligerents preclude helping Crown.
victim of aggression? Should the same system he used for Europe
SERIOUS QUESTIONING
peace.
American Union.
to a Government which the elector.
but
sorry,
ITS APPEARANCE "Honestly, would you think I
"No, I thought you made it your-
After
It is appropriate that we should to-day, when extending felicitations to our American friends on the observance of In- dependence Day, recall the large measure of interest which has heen evoked both in Great Britain and the United States by the recent references made by leading British statesmen to the desirability of cementing still
ate did not like, this Government could be swept away after the next further the ties which bind the
as for the Pacific area? These and In the United States a written general election. Therefore public people of these two nations to-
other questions should have fuller Constitution is enforced by aopinion, expressed through all its gether. Both Mr. Baldwin and consideration than may be possible Supreme Court according to the hydra-heads, is master, and all the bought this car secondhand 7” Mr. Anthony Edén have been in, this session of Cungress. But leffer of the law. Anyone may plans of the King's new Prime pleading for increased Anglo- | the movement. to strengthen and bring a test case challenging not Minister must be attuned to this American co-operation, based not modernise neutrality will go on.merely the interpretation of a law, omnipresent, dominant influence, self." only on a cominot language and The second and more serious danger but the law itself; and if the court Here is our guarantee, here is our a common culture, but also
is that efforts to insulate the United devides for the appellant, be he safeguard; it is all we have; but so
A FOREIGN TONGUE the fact that Great Britain and
States will be twisted into a new only an owner of a few chickens, far it has not failed. isolation. Unless vigilantly guided, the whole action of the Legislature
Parliament can, if it chooses, Sir Esme Howard, former the United States to-day share,the attempt to lessen friction and the Executive becomes to that for the continuance of the demo-generate into a hateful and fearful the Constitution even in the at any time advise the King to a as never before, responsibility which might produce war will de extent null and void. To modify even prolong its own life beyond British Ambassador to the United the statutory limit. Ministers may States, quite enjoys telling how he cratic ideal in government. It is nationalism that is anything but est particular requires a two-thirdsudden dissolution. Yet all classes walked briskly into the foyer of true, "as" "an' American journal peaceful. But refusal to be am ne ajority of the sovereign States and all parties have a deep, under the Mayflower Hotel at Washing- has expressed it, that "Anglo-complice in war making need not forming the
lying convletion that these vast ton and stopped for a moment to American efforts to preserve i mean refusal to be an associate in This has only been achieved after flexible powers will not be abused, speak with one of the bright-but- world peace would, if aynpeacemaking, Determination
to prodigious struggles, on less than that the spirit of our unwritten toned servitors in the lobby.
a score of occasions during the time-a determination based not whole history of the United States. Constitution will be respected at he walked on, an assistant mana chronised, forge an impenetrable avoid becoming an arsenal in war- bulwark against war. Mr. Eden only on a desire to escape injury.
every stage and that public clas expressed British opinion gen-but on a desire to have no part in
The American citizens or jurists tisement would speedily overinkeer, who had noted the incident, erally when he declared that inflicting injury-does not imply a
gaze with wonder at our great any Minister, however powerful, went over to the boy and said— "Friendship with the United necessity for becoming a hermit democracy expressing itself with who fell below the accepted stand "What did the Ambassador want?" States is of the first importance; nation in peacetime. Indeed, non- plenary powers through a Govern-ards of fair play or who descended
ment and a Parliament controlled to trick-work or dodgery,
"I don't know," answered the it exists to-day and it will grow; co-operation for war is entirely and everything that we can do to consistent with co-operation for anly by the fluctuating currents of
Certainly no one could live underbell-hop. "He couldn't speak Eng-
lish." the British Constitution except Its promote that friendship will be
Not only consistent, but public opinion. wise. For the more the neutrality When we point to the inconven- inventors and patentees and neither eagerly done." On the other problem is studied, the clearer is ience of his system, the American they nor their descendants have side, there have not been want: the fact that it affords no guarantee retorts by warning us of the pre-ever been able to explain, the secret ing signs that a similar feeling of peace, even of an exclusive and carious fluidity of ours. So far he to others. prevails in the United States.selfish pence. It would, however, be foolish to ignore the practicalities of the| MATTER OF THINKING, situation. There are those in America who believe that the matter of thinking.
Neutrality is, above everything, a President hest way for the United States to Wilson saw that clearly in 1914 keep out of a possible European when he asked Americans to remain conflict would be to help to pro-neutral in thought as well as action. vent such a conflict. On the The result proved how nearly im- other hand, there is a large sec-possible that is for the human mind. tion of opinion which holds that Looking back now, it is apparent in no circumstances should the that the United States took sides from the start. A review of the United States become involved in
period such as Walter Millis's'"Road European entanglements. These to War" shows how language, latter may find some consolation culture and tradition, to say nothing in the statement made by Mr. of elever foreign propaganda, tippui Baldwin that United States' the balance even before the nation participation in ! collective became a silent but very active and security agreement is not at the prosperous partner operating an in- moment within the sphere of dispensable service of supply. To- practical politics. But this is day the world is even more closely knit. · Short-wave radio throws our not to say that Britain and
neighbours' voices-and viewpoints America should not come closer into our very homes. The task of together in their respective insulating any nation is far more policies. In the economic sphere, difcult. It must be undertaken. for example, they have a great | Everything possible must be done opportunity of offering an to set up fire walls against another example of the benefits to be world conflagration. And some of obtained by a reversal of the this work lice in the improvement trend towards restrictive self-of neutrality. But its value de- sufficiency. In monetary mat-it is done. It must be carried out pends largely on the spirit in which ters, also, it would be to the more in friendliness than fear. No manifest advantage of both na-self-sufficient selfishness will suffice. itions if a common polley were to
be embarked upon, one aim-
|
+
ing at eventual currencyments both in Britain and the
stabilisation. There are other United States. A closer drawi spheres also in which unity of ing together now might, indeed, It go far beyond the limits con- approach would be beneficial. is therefore up to the statesmen sidered at the moment possible. of both countries to endeavour to For we can conceive of no major capitalise the urge for closer co-issue of worldwide moment in operation which is the obvious which the outlook of both "na- desire of the responsible ele- tions would not coincide.
"Oh, I just can't keep up with the times. I'd even bo stumped
if you asked me who is public memy No. 1 right now.
SCHOOL
A Reading man has a son who has just entered school. He was supposed to be enjoying it, but ono morning he walked into the dining room, where his father was having breakfast, and remarked:
"I'm tired of going to school, Pop."
"Why?"
takod the father. What is your objection to going to school?".
"Oh," answered the boy, "It breaks up the day so."
•
ON THE UNLIMITED EXPRESS
"Did you are about the man who vas riding on the sleeper? The weather was very warm, and, the. window being opon, he put one foot out of the window to get cooled off, and fell asleep. When, he awoke in the morning le noticed his foot seemed heavy, and no wonder: there were three mail bags and a red lantern hanging onto it."
OH!
Sammy was not prone to over- exertion in the classroom. There- fore, his mother was both aurpris- ed and pleased when he came homo with the announcement, "I got a hundred this morning."
"That's lovely, dear," she said as. she kissed the boy tenderly.
"What was it in?" she asked. "Fifty in roading and fifty in. spelling."
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