1935-07-02 — Page 3

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. TUESDAY, JULY

1035.

་

SOUTH AFRICA'S OWN JUBILEE

PROGRESS OF TWENTY- FIVE YEARS

By A SOUTH AFRICAN

Ń May 31, 1910, under the policy. "Representatives of white

South Africa at the Union Civilisation

continent,

of South Afrion from four pro-torch bearers," "our destiny," and vinces became n fact, with General so forth are phrases often heard Louis Botha ns its first Prime Min-from, South Africans, especially ister and General Jan Smuts as when annoyed by Colonial Office his lieutenant. General Hertzog policy elsewhere in Africa. But was a member of the same Cabinet, how are they to carry out their in which Afrikaans-speaking pre-destiny? The answer is simple dominated over English-speaking for a South African. members. The Union, whose sil Ing. ver Jubilee la celebrated to-day all

over South Africa, though appinud.

By expati-

DESIRE FOR EXPANSION This desire for expansion, north-

ed by South Africans at the time wards over Africa, has in the past as a reconciliation of the rnces acted as a force opposing that other was in fact a business deal, torce, the Republicanism which represented the cension of one al General Hertzog used to represent. most bankrupt province, the Cape It made it possible for General of Good Hope, and the transfer of Botha to earry his people with the another, Natal, du terms which other Dominions into the Great safeguarded its sugar industry: War, and therefore enabled that the beneficiary of the transaction grand reconciliation of the South was the all-powerful North, whose African and the Unionist Parties agriculture had recovered rapidly after the Great War. General from the Boer War, whose gold- Botha went down to his House of mines were booming and whose Assembly in 1914 with a plan of political sentiment had been more participation-South Africa was to German South West ilun appeased by the grant of res conquer ponsible government

1906. Afrien, and she holds it still under Botha was supremely grateful and "C" mandate, which is the weak- large-hearted, as wall he might be est form of mandate known. With on the reversal of Vereeniging, this expansion, Botha was able Lo Smuta was ready to serve and to crush armed rebellion and defeati advise him, and to wield that secret! political rebels, too, and the com- Intellectual power attributed to radeship of the Great War made Princes of the Church. But Hert the post-War Unionist "fusion" zog was already planning the possible. The Coalition was back- means to carry Afrikaans supreed by the moneyed interests of the country, and that caused its even- macy even further.

tual downfall.

in

This strange character, an the

Any party in South Africa which intricacy of whose method and the Is backed by the moneyed interests stubbornness of whose resolve the of the country, by the gold mines changes in later South African and the chambers of commerce and history so much depended, beare industry, tends to become an urban eloser Investigation. A Republi-party. So long as there is no war can at heart, courteous but reso- for it to fight, so long as there le lute, General Hertzog exactly re no hope of territorial aggrandise. presented the rural Afrikaners of | ment, and especially in the periods the Northern Cape and the Orange of reaction following war and Free State which is his home, aggrandisement, an urban party Theirs is a more quiet and settled cannot hope to rule South Africa. existence than that of the pioneer It is then that the rural population, farmers and lawyers of the Trans largely Afrikaner and represented val, where 6,000 feet muke gold In 1924 by General Hertzog, be an ever headier commodity, and comes unified and insistent, mildly where one gambles in 'ideals as well j anti-capitalist and highly Republi asin shares, Instinctively, the can. Its theory of capitalism is Transvaaler is a shaggler but the viguest, but it does not like more generous being: the circum the mines, athough it lives upon stances in which he lived gave him the taxation which they render to little time to consider principles the country. Combined with the Janguage, race, republicanism. "anti-capitalist" Trades Unions, it status and the rest. All that turned out Smuts and his urban though he might occasionally be party in 1994. roused to acclaim it, was more mat ier for the Free State and the Afrikaner Cape, where people were less active and therefore more embittered..

NORTH'S VICTORY

"MIGHT HAVE BEEN" Had Smuts been able to add Southern Rhodesia to the Union, then there might have been a dif. ferent story. But his negotiations failed, his party had no expansion- lat cry, and it fell before Republi- canism, Nationalism, and the forces which disliked "capital."

There then ensued the bitterest

It

Count and Countess Kurt von Haugwitz-Reventlow—she's better known as Princess Barbara Mdivani, or just Barbara Hutton, Woolworth heiress, pause for tes in San Francisco on the first stop of x ragally appointed honeymoon. The fomer Miss Hutton, after a hectic two days which saw her Rena divorces Monday and a bride Tuesday-and her count travelled to New York and thence to

Europe 'on her second royal honeymoon.

In this composite photograph are the Misté Halosia and Renate Karr, the daughters of Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Karr, and below two other spectators at Spring Flower Show sponsored by the

Horticultural Society and held in the Race Club, Shanghai.

Rhodesia, forming a

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4-PRINTED DESIGNS

Hence the strength of the Caps Republican, Dr. Malan, to-day. And hence General flertzog origin ally drew his strength, for he start. ed the movement of which Dr. Malan is now the active lender. years of South African politics. Long office has doubtless altered In the background there was the the General's objectives, and his toneless reiteration.of a difference republicaniam may, as he says, be of interest between the poor white, theoretical now and not actual. the small farmer, the white town But the group, the Republican labourer on the one hand, and the sentiment, which put him where native and the capitalist" on the he is, remains. It is the largest other. In the foreground was

fierce unrelenting struggle over the section of the Afrikaner ommu Flag, nationality, language and the that the reasons

behind Funion would be weak in debating power Native policy. Secondly, by ex- S-PRINTED nity, and it must always be con

recruitment and promotion of sidered.

were material rather than spiritual.ns wall as numerically weak, and pansjon, where expansion menns Civil Service personnel,

The people accepted it in a dazed that

QUALITY with the premium on gold the Protectorates and eventually What broke the Government in fashion, grateful for some recon- resulting from the currency going Southern the long run was an obdurate but ciliation after the strife of the off gold, any party with the Nation grand whole with the Union and 6-FERGUSON COTTON PRINTED VOILES. Unlon represented a victory of typically Nationalist maintenance past ten years, and careless how italist "anti-capital" tradition could South West Africa, which will be the North over the South. Though of the gold standard at a time of was brought about. For Fusion take for the State in taxation the called the United States of Afrien. the fact that there was English re-world crisis, simply because Eng-was dictated prematurely from. whole of the gold premium. Then, But most of all this precarious presentation in the Cabinet meant land had gone off gold. Supra-above. A little inter and on loss they said, the Nationalists would balance of elements opposed rests that the South African Party Gov-National forces finished the Nation-one-sided terms the demand would be back in a year or two, full of upon the continued prosperity of 7-BROCADED GEORGETTE ernment which Botha led could not alist Government, and another have come naturally from the revenge. Better for South Africa the Rund, which provides the wages be called a racial Govert ment, yet period of reconciliation set In.. prople.

to go in with them, make con- of half South Africa and the taxa-8-SPUN CREPE STRIPED, BROAD AND most of the 45 per cent, English- The real history of the recon- TOO MANY WEAKNESSES stitutional concessions, and keeption which, in form of "subsidy, en- speaking population stood out of ciliation between Smuts and Hert-

ables the rest to farm. It is the | their hands off the gold mines, normal successor to lis Party. Union also represented | zog, which led to the formation of Nationalist Government · under Hence Fusion, a business deal mining industry that has given a victory of the country over the their United Party, to the Status Hertzog would have been a South like the other grand reconciliation South Africa the most enviable town, for the rural vote is, in | Acts, aud in the last analysis to African Party Government underwenty-five years agn.

economic position in the world to- obedience to the Act of Union, the new Native Bills, cannot yet Smuts. But its supporters would How can it hold its ground, and day. little unemployment except more valuable, as compared with | be written. But when the books have none of it. Mining, Commer-keep the 130 seats out of 160 that among natives, and little pessim- the urban. than its numbers just are opened and men's motives stand cial and Intiustrial interests all it controls in Parliament? First, iam except among locust:control fy. In fact Union, though accept revealed, it will, I think, appear insisted that an S.A.P. Government by exercising a lively concern with { officials. ed as a reconciliation, act the very

conditions on which the irrecon-

cilable Nationalist Party was built

p.

Other conditions, however, kor-' erned the development of the Union. As fortune has it, she differs from the other Dominions in two ways. She is the only Do minion that can expand, and she is the only Dominion that meets the full force of the colour pro- blem. These two South African facts react upon each other con- tinually. The Great Trek in re- action to emancipation, the Kaffir Wara to catablish British and other settlers in the Eastern Cape, and the Zulu "menace" which is long broken but often reimagined by Natal; all these have built up a -ploncer frontier attitude to nativ polley in South Africa. To rela- force it, whito Trades Unionism has developed to full strength in the cities, and defends its wages and principles by a rigid colour bar. Thus there is a lasting tondency among white men to "stand to gether" in fear of a very peaceable black working class, which to many de the basic explanation of the re peated Fusions and Reconciliations in South African history,

There is, too, a willingness, In- cidental to this attitude, "to" claim' for South Africa prior rights in the | determination of African native

The

*

Photos received from England. (Left) and

Lays

the United States (Right) sach bore the caption' “world's fastest fighting seroplane.” The British seem to have outdone the Americans with their biplans. The British claim 231 m.pk, while U.S. monoplane hits only 209: ~Both ara'single'asateram

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