1935-06-27 — Page 15

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. THURSDAY, JUNE

1935.

EMPIRE EMIGRATION

IN REVIEW

NO QUICK CURE FOR UNEMPLOYMENT

By John Coatman Formerly of London University

London.

Talk of Empire emigration is in the air again. Visiting Prime Ministers have referred to it, and dis- cussion is once more becoming busy about the best way of carrying it on in the future.

It must be admitted that much of the organised emi- gration of postwar years has not had the results which were hoped for, despite lavish expenditure by the Govern- ments of this country and of the various Dominions con- cerned,

We know, too, that large numbers of British men and women have been deported during the lean years of slump from one or other of the Dominions, notably Canada, to which they had gone. It is necessary, therefore, to examine the problem afforded by migration in the light of modern conditions, and see if we can come to any useful conclusions.

Our experience of the years millions of British subject, emi- since 1929 has repeated with over-grated to the United States of whelming force the truth that emi-Amerien, nunced them by the en- gration needs the stimulant of ormousa British investments in prosperity. It is most brisk when every department of American trade is prosperous and employ economic activity. We may never ment is good-particularly, of gain have the investable surpluses course, in the countries to which of the golden days of the past. We the emigrants go. Further, emi-shall certainly not have the con- gration is not, and never has been,tinuous large population growth of a quick cure for unemployment. the nineteenth century. It behovca The beat emigrants are those who, therefore, to expend both our are welcomed in the countries to money and our men as wisely as

possible. which they go because of their per sonal qualities and capacity to make Both for safety, and for scope of good. They are, in fact, precisely employment, the British Empire to- the men and women who most day presents as attractive an outlet casily secure employment in their for British capital as any other own country. The unemployablos, į part of the world. Without enter- and the more or less regularly un-jing into any involved economie employed, must always remain as a argument, we may take it as an problem to the country of their jaxiom that new investment, at any domicile.

rate, can be canalised, and it is in the interests of this country and The Empire ut our new invests Our first conclusion, then, is that ments should be directed, as far as prosperous conditions in the over-is technically possible, into Empire seas British countries are the Channels,

FIRST CONCLUSION

necessary condition precedent to

the resumption of the flow of

By doing this we shall in the last resort he exporting not only capi-

emigration from these shorestal, but men and women to become And this leads us on to considera- British citizens in another part of

tions of some importance. All our the King's Dominions.

overseas Dominions find themselves

mainly or, in the case of Canada.

very largely-dependent on this

country for their prosperity. We,

ILL.FOUNDED FEARS

Fears have been expressed that

in our turn, are becoming steadily we shall be unable, because of our

more dependent on their markets!

for our prosperity.

These conditions are not likely to alter in the near future. On the! contrary, the trend of international. economic relations is such as toị confirm and strengthen them, and it is the settled policy of our own. and the other Empire countries. to increase by Government action the volume of inter-Imperial ex- changes.

This is a case in which sentiment and self-interest go quite a long way together, for the more we con- tribute to the prosperity of the British countries beyond the seas, the easier we make it for them to receive British men and women as Immigranta.

PROVIDING MARKETS

But providing markets in this country for Empire produce is not the whole of the economic story. The young, growing nations over- sens must be all the time improv ing, extending and generally deve- loping their economic equipment of all sorts. In order that they may Be able to do this, a constant stream of capital must be directed towards them. Clearly, it is the function. of this country to supply the capital. required.

During the nineteenth century,

*

The Duke of Devonshire had

narrow escape from death when two bullets, fized by a

masked

razn from nearby bushes, narrowly missed him. The Duke was fishing on his Carayville estate near Cork in Ireland at the time.

The above photographie were taken at Nanking when Mr. A. Ariyoshi presented his credantisis as Japanese Ambassador. In the upper photograph, Mr. Ariyoshi and party are shown entering the Government building, while balow is seen the Japeneso Ambassador and those who altended him. Reading from right left they are Commander Kitaura, Japanese Naval attacho at Nanking Mr. M. Arino, Second_secretary of the Japanese Embassy] Mr. Horiuchi, First Secretary of the Embassy; Mr. A. Ariyoshi, Japanese Ambassador; Rear-Admiral Sato, Japanese Naval Attache; Mr. Y. Suma, Japanese Consul-General in Nanking and first focretary of Embassy: Colonel Amemiya, Japaness military attache in Nanking.

Robert Rohme, Austrian-born

Englishman, was recently sen

-Tenced- to 18 months' imprison.

ment by German court in.

Berlin for "making grossly in

sulting remarks about Harr

Hitler, the Corman nation and

German women." According to

n letter to his wife in London,

however, Rohme intimated he

soon may be reunited with his family.

falling birth-rate. to provide en-i ough emigrants to maintain the British character of the British Dominions. These fears

are i- founded. In a paper which I read! to the British Association three years ago,

The S.S. Yung Yoo belonging to the Italo-Chinese River Naviga- tion Company was wrecked in the Wushan Gorge of the Upper Yang- tre on May 31. The vessel was travelling at full spend on the down- ward voyage when she struck submerged rocks about seventy miles above Ichang, smashing a large hole in the forward section of her hull. In an endeavour to beach the vessel Captain Ferranto put her hard about and succeeded in getting her nose on the shore just where the King Mon The River joins the main channel of the Yangtze. The vessel practically broke in two just abaft the funnel.

gave reasons for be-800 emigrants annually, a figure type that this country can most lieving that both Canada and Aus which will meet the effective de- readily supply. |tralia will have an annual absorp, mands of the British Dominions

tive capacity of between 25,000 and, for citizens from overseas. 55,000 immigrants, when economic life revives.

To sum up, there can no longer be laisser faire in emigration, any

As far as British emigration is more than in other branches of!. New Zealand and South Africa concerned, the development of economic activity. The revival and naturally have CE much

lower secondary industries in the Domin-control of British migration to the absorptive capacity. Even taking fons is a favourable circumstance, overseas Empire countries now de- into account the present trend of for it means that the demands will ipends in the last resort on the con- the British birth-rate, we shall be

certed economic policy of all the able to supply approximately 100,- be for emigrants of precisely the countries concerned.

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