1935-01-12 — Page 11

SUPPLEMENT.

THE HONGKONG

EGRAPH SATURDAY, JANUARY 12

SAVING SANITY IS

IS GREAT RIDDLE OF "RESURRECTION Dr. Cornish Studies Way To Revive Brain After Blood Supply Has Been Halted

This is the second, of two. stories by Dr. Robert E. Cor- tish, California, scientist, tell- ing now he would try to bring the dead back to life. Dr. Cor nish won loorld-wide attention with his experimente in which ' he restored life to dogs pro- nounced dead for several min-` utes.

BY DR. R. `E. CORNISH Supporo a man were executed, by.. lethal gas, and revived as explained in my preceding article: How should one proceed to nurse him back to health, and how assure com- ploté return of mental powers?

It is known that the brain is sensitive. to failure of its supply of oxygenated blood, `Thus · Stewart and Rogoff showed with animals, that if blood supply to the head were cut off more than 10 or 15 minutes, without heart or breathing, ever stopping at all, release of the arter les to the head might then result in considerable gradual recovery, but not in complete return to sanity.

In man, because of lower meta- bolic rate, this time might con- colvably be extended to 30 minutes. But to the canary, with its heart rate of 1,000 hente a minute, and

With removal or neutralising of the denih ngent and renewal of respiration, the next stop la bringing the dead to life is starting the heart. For this pur- pose a fluid in injected, shown here, with Dr. R. E. Cornish giving artificial respiration and John Finn, left, and Dr. V. M. Margutti ascinlings,

It should be remembered that ex- periments such as those of. Stewart not in any way and Rogolf do demonstrate that, by proper nura- ing, complete revival of the brain its otherwise rapid pace of life,might not be obtained, even if cir obstruction of the brain circulation

Another step in restoring life to the patient apparantly has been successful hers. Through lestering, artificial respiration, and an injection, the heart of the "dead" patiant evidently was started to beat again as Dr. Cornlıb relies his hand in signal to his aides, Fino, left, and Margutti,

norvous activity of a mechanical

nature, and so wore themselves out in a few hours. The heart beat very fast, but could not keep up the blood pressure.

The fast heart rate could be pre- culation through the brain hadvented by suitable means to reduce for more than two minutes might stopped for many minutes.

the excessivo adrenal gland secre- well-cause permanent mental der.

tions, but the blood pressure was angement,

In the first three dogs resuscitat-low just the same.. ed by us, gradual return of the re flexes and of the senses, such as

а

In our resuscitated dog "Lazarus hearing, was noted for several IV," for some weeks after his ré-hours, after which regression vival his improvemat was striking | seemed to take place. and rapid.

A second and final death followed in from six to 12 hours after re-

For several days his nourshmentvival. In each case the heart had had to be given by injecting glucose been stopped from three to eight solution under his skin, but soon he was able to swallow liquids from a tube.

To-day he cats briskly from a dish by himself.

BETTER NURSING HELPS

"Lazarus. V", niso dead four minutes, showed, faster imprové- ment, due perhaps to better nursing immediately after revival. He alap, after a month of nursing, eats alone and will probably be soon walking, although it is difficult to Leach walking to Lazarus IV,

minutes,

The most active period during the "second life" was usually char- acterized by considerable aimless activity. There might be a me- chanical sort of barking, intervals of aimless jerking, of the legs, pant- Ing, etc.

WEAR SELVES OUT

There was still the same reduc- tion in volume of blood, so that the blood stream becomes' partly "dried up." just as In the dreaded "surgical shock."

Norman Freeman found that the fall in blood pressure and in blood volume of the "paeudaffective" state may be largely prevented by injecting a certain extract of the fungus "ergot."

ERGOT MIGHT SAVE BRAIN

The resurrected dogs; "Lazarus IV" and "Lazarus V" maintained a very low blood pressure for several dnya after their revival." The temporarily poor circulation from this cause might well account for the present mental deficiency of

Of interest is the "pseudaffecthese two animals. mals by Cannon and Britten, by re- tive" state recently produced in anl moving only the highest part of the cerebrum, or sent of intelligence of brain damage. the brain.

Use of the ergot extract might have prevented such permanent

If auch animals can be kept alive Such animals showed extreme- a week, the crisis will have passed.

With circulation and respiration resumed, and the patient's heart again boating, following tostering, and an injection, the rasuṛracljon aubject, stili strapped to the taster board, is moved to the oxygen cham;" bar for the next step in the life restoration process. As Surgson Margutti stands at the subject's fast and Finn at the hand, Dr. Coralsh proceeds with his work. By means of a mask held over the face, or sóma- ́timge through a rubber tacho in the windpipe, the lungs are suppiled with nasily pura cnygon, containing

about 5 par cant, of carbon dioxide,

Dr. Robert E. Cornish bolding Lazarus IV as he looks at LaxaruA V, undergoing resurrection treatment

The "pseudaffective" excitement ("gum arabic solution" of Bayliss, disappears largely in a few days, help keep the blood stream from "Physiological salt solution," or the drying out too much.

Both solutions are invaluable in damage had come from asphyxia sustaining "revived" dogs, but alone, neither will prevent death from ox- Norman Freeman found that his haustion of the heart during the extract of ergot would also prevent- first 24 hours. Something else is needed.

BARBITAL FOUND OF VALUE '»

these serious effects of spinephrine.

Prompt Inhalation of amy10 nitrite appears to somewhat coun-. teract the epinephrine shock. The excessive heart rate in "re- Slowing of the circulation intro- vival shock" is probably caused duces a danger besides death of the partly from excessive adrenal gland intellectual "brain-clothing of the activity, just as in the genuino | blood, "pecudaffectivo" state,

.

CLOTTING IS PREVENTED

We find that during the first few critical days, injecting some of the

This may be controlled by mor- phine, but adequate doses are likely to atop the breathing and heart. In "Lazarus V" batter results were anti-blood-clotting heparin under found with a less poisonous com- the skin avery eight hours will ro pound, such as barbital,

It is of interest that during the

tard or prevent clotting, due to brain is still able to asphyxiation slowed circulation, although the

from inadequate blood supply.

few hours that the revived heart in gradually increasing in rate, a dose. of barbital is able to check further

But this is a genuine life-saving increases, but does not seem to slow action in "shocked" animals. Now the heart. Hence to prevent heart the medicinal loach has an anti- exhaustion, the 'sleeping .com-clotting substance, hirudia, in-its. pound must be given promptly.

•

HOLDS DANger of shoCK

saliva, and perhaps the former gen. oral use of leeches in all kinds of sickness had some real basis,

Hirudin under these conditions. A very unfortunate circumstanco would be absorbed into the blood Is that the epinephrine used in the stream over a period of 12 to 24 injecting fuld, for starting the hours.

heart may in itself produce some We thus see that the science of of the symptoms of shock, so that resuscitation invades the whole scl. after the heart has started the once of medicine and most of the aftuation is much worse than · if other sciences as well,

YUGO-SLAVIA: LAND OF CHARM AND SURPASSING BEAUTY

BY MILTON BRONNER

Beneath the surface run ugly currents of anclent hatreds, but to the travellor who reckona not of this, Yugo-Slavia is a land of rare charm.

He notes little of the bitterness seething among minorities which cry of Serb oppression as he gues from beauty spot to beauty spot In that country so favoured by na- ture, now threatened by rebellion following the assassination of King Alexander I,

The traveller has missed much who never has seen Dubrovnik, that ancient town far down on the Dalmatian const. It is known in history as Ragusa, but has been rechristened since Dalmatla pass- ed from Austrian sway to that of Yugo-Slavin,

Seen from the sea, it looks like n Mediterranean Italian town, but the bulk of the population la purc Slav.

It dates back to the seventh contury. There was a time when It called itself a republic and was a sort of Dalmatian Venice-with-

out the canals. It traded with the east. It sent its ships all over the Adriatic and the Mediter- rancan.

STILL RAGUSANS

BOSNIAN

DALMATIAN

SERB

CROAT

MONTENEGRIN _

Many racial groups make up the population of Yug o Slavia. Shown here are Give possant typos among

the many encountered in the southern Slar kingdom

posed to found a church there in thanksgiving, but was later per sunded to build on the mainland.

HOME OF MAXIMILIAN

want to come away-ever. He | The natives curae -It and with ]. He landed on Lokrum and pro- will become a lotus-enter and reason. It is the keen cold wind Even to this day the people de dream and dream the hours away that sometimes comes raging and not call themselves Dalmatians. in the hot sunshine,

tearing from the mountain topa. They are Ragusana.

He will sit on a balcony from From this ancient Dalmation The old city is one of the most { which a marvellous picture will be const town it le possible to tako perfect walled towns in Europe. spread before him. Above, a deep two excursions which are bound Within those walls and towers, blue sky. In the distance beyond to surprise even the most blaso where every inch of soil was pre a matching turquoise blue-the traveller-one to the island of clous, the Ragusans built their lapping watern of the calm deep silence, the other to houses close together, huddled Adriatic Sea. At his back the tall miniature town of shrill noises, around their churches,

Dalmatian mountains, up whose slopes. the new town perilously creops.

The narrow streets-too narrow for passage of any vehicle-give coolness in the hot summer season

the

LINKED WITH FAMED, NAMES

Just a half mile out of the’har-

+

eerle experience. His boatman fands him and tells him he will call back for him in two hours.

A narrow path leads invitingly up the slope. Once ho's turned the corner, all he sees is a thick growth of pines, cedars, frs and sub-tropical plants and vines,

There is no song of birds, no ahrilling of insects, no sound of footfalls on the pine needle car- pot; nothing but the deepest, most impressive silence, and a sense of utter loneliness and isolation.

It is an island paradise, but only for one who wants to shun his fellow men,

WHERE RACES CLASH

Trebinje, in Horzegovina, is an- other thing altogether. It illus trates one of Yugo-Slavla's prob lems.

Not only is the nation's politics dominated by provincial ambitions, not only do the Croatians and the Slovenians feel themselves 'some- what different from the old Serbs -but religious feelings also divide the population.

About 40 per cent, of the people are Roman Catholics. They live mainly in the former Austro-Hun- garian provinces of Slovenis, Croatia and Dalmatia. About 45 per cent are Greek Orthodox and Ilvo mainly in old Serbia and

nd the Banat.

About 10 per cent are Moslems In the middle of the ninateenth and live mainly in Herzegovina and Bosnia. They call themselves century. Lokrum fell under the eye Turkso," but there is nothing of Archduke Maximilian, brother Turkish about them. They are of the late Emperor Franz Josef Moslems of pure Yugo-Slav blood. of the old Austro-dlungarian om More than 500 years ago, when pire. Maximilian chose It as his the Turks conquered all this part summer home and built a small chateau right in the centre, of the country, many of the pean- Below him the ancient town hour of Dubrovnik lies the little French, he went to Mexico, backed keep their property and their priv Afterward, encouraged by the ants as well as the noblemen be- camo Moslems. They wanted to with its walls, towers and forta. island of Lokram. It stands out by French arms, and made him: logen. But in time they becama Hia lungs will breathe an Insidious in the blue Adriatic like an self emperor, but later, when the The newest houses in the old air, embalmed by the salt sea, the emerald of deep green huo. Two Moxicana rebelled, he was ascut faithful Moslems and are so to town are about 250 years old. breath of the mountains, the heady famous names are connected with odavat

this day. MORE PAREN Some date back 600 years. But scent of pines, firs, cypress and t

But long before his fall, he had A TOUCH OF THE ORIENT

fall; he had Ragusa has outgrown the walled flowering oleanders,

Centuries ago, when Richard sent back to Lokrum many sub- A 25-mile auto ride through city Thero le a newer town out-

Coeur de Lion King of England, tropical Mexican plants and horseshoe passes in the Dalmatian side the walls, not half so pleture.

after his victorious cruzado against flowers. He always dreamed of mountains from Dubrovnik- sque or charming.

the. Moslems, suddenly started returning to his island paradise. one to the town, ofAMI home to quell rebellion in his own ISLAND OF SILENCE___

There one is suddenly in of tall palm trees. Only one thing kingdom, he was wrecked in the

Orient

and protection from the icy winds and raina, in the winter.

MENECHARM SINKS DEEP

Let the tourist be warned. If he goes to Dubrovnik, he may not

ONLY THE BORA IS EVIL

He will dine in a semi-tropic garden under the rustling leaves

will ever break him from his Idle Adriatic and had a narrow escape The visitor to Lokrum in iste lethargy-the Bora

from drowning,

| August or early September has an (jami

go about with faces covered with.. MUEZZINS.STILL DIN black cloth. The streets are In front of the inns, regardless Eastern, save that there are no of the nolco and the files, grave camels. But there are dozens of men wearing the fez alt at table, heavily laden asses,

aipping Turkish coffee and, talking about nothing in particular. The shops, as in the Stamboul

There is plenty of noise untfi a section of Istanbul, are little holes boll clangs out the noon, hour.. in the wall where Moslems are Then the muezzina mount to the busy hammering out brass pans nyc minarets of the five Moslem: or cutting crude leather for the mosques and chant the ritual ob soft, tough Bosnian shoos and served in every Moalem town the slippers,

world over.

In the market place the peasant For a short time a refreshing women, who, are Christians, dis silence falla upon Trebinje. Trad play their fruits and vegetables. Ing ceases. Nobody calls his They all wear the quaint little wares. Nobody shouts at a ladon Herzegovinian white caps, which ass. The Moslems are on their look like monkey, caps on a woman knees in the mosque faces turn- from the west, but are very beed toward Mecca, intoning their coming to the natives.

Immemorial prayers to Allah.

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