1935-01-05 — Page 11

SUPPLEMENT

THE

HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. SATURDAY,

JANUARY

1935

PAGE THE

HOW I WOULD TRY TO BRING THE DEAD TO LIFE

The challenge to Danth alerta as John Finn, Jr. gas miak soginger, rushes the "dead" subject from the lethal gai chamber to the resuscitation apparatus. Ready to start the experiment' without a moment's waste of time, Surgeon V. M. Margufti stands at the left and Dr. Robert E. Cornish behind the tester board equipment.

A

STEP by alep explanation of the process he would employ in attempting to bring the dead back to life to given by Dr. Robert E. Cornish, famed California acfentist, in this article, first of two which will amuse warld interest. Succean which he has achieved in restoring life to dogs, pronounced dead for several minutes, has spurred hope of Dr. Cornish that he can mucceed in similar experiments with man.

BY DR. ROBERT E. CORNISH

When is a man dead?

I recently asked the governors of three far-western states for permission to attempt resuscitation of convicts legally executed by lethal gas.

There are four essential requirements in the methods

I would employ:

*

First, removal or neutralizing of the agent originally causing death.

Second, artificial respiration.

Third, starting the beart.

Fourth, nursing the patient back to health.

SAVES DROWNING VICTIMS

PROF.- George Hughling, swimming Instructor at the University of California, has devised a method of resuscitation from drowning which promises to anve many Ilyen. He has demonstrated that it is possible to give artificial respirallon, while wading through the surf and carrying the body over his shoulder.

Hughling can even give artificial respiration while swimming and towing the body, If the water is not too rough. In an actual case is France, he had to carry an apparently drowned man a considerable distance through the surf to get him ashore.

By using the accepted carry, the victim's heart well might have stopped during the carry, so that Hughing might have applied artificial respiration, ashore many hours wthout avail. But the man, soon started to gasp and then to talk before Hughling even had him ashore.

Professor Hughling's method ignores the dimeult third and fourth requirements, but secures maximum saving of time in the first and second. These two are

Spiadily the pubisat is roped to the teeter board by Dr. Cornish, as Finn, centre, `and Margutif bold the patient's armo, preparatory to attempting artificial respiration and circulation.

The head now is near the floor, blood rushing The testering process is begun by Finn, as Cornish and Margutji stand by the subject's hard to observa progress in restored circulation, and respiration. The from the legs to pump the main artaries leading position of the tester is alternated at six and sight second intervals and Cornish to the heart. An incision is made in the arm to

believes, that spough blood flow can be stimulated to restart the heartbeat.

prepare for the next step, of lafection: ...,

mercury (1. e., quicksilver, the liquid metal) if the proper pressure were used.

TEETERING MIGHT START HEART.

These three scientists bone to find the secret of resurrec- tion in their amazing experiments. Left to right are John Finn, Jr.. was mask engineeri Dr. Robert E. Cornish, California scientist who has brought dead dogs to life; and Surgeon V. M.. Margutti,

ordinarily adequate, if continued long enough, and if started before the heart has stoppled,

SHOCK MAY AFFECT MIND

FOR the third requirement, starting the stopped heart, there le no satisfactory method in general use, and present methods for the fourth leave much to be desired. *

This may involve treating a condition almilar to tho dreaded and deadly "surgical shock." If the patient re- mains long in severe "shock," he is likely to be partly insane after he recovers, if he is fortunate enough to do

.NO.

In ease of the convict executed by inhaling hydrocy ante neld fumes, the first requirement would be partly met by John Finn, Jr. (a gas mask engineer), who would be ready, wearing a gas mask. He would enter the death chamber as soon as permitted after the prisoner was pronounced dead by physicians,

HE

-METHYLENE BLUE IS ANTIDOTE

JE would quickly remove the prisoner, and we would lay him on our tecter board and immediately inject methylene blue into his veins. This was shown to be an antidote for cyanide poisoning in rats, by Dr. Matilda

Brooks of the University of California, and confirmed on men by Dr. J. G. Gelger of San Francisco.

Mothylene blus, neutralizes cyanide, but will not restart either the heart or breathing, according to Mrs. Brooks.

Therefore, immediately on laying the dead prisoner on the board, priificial respiration would be started by hand. In a few seconds the man would be tied to tha board, and teetering started Immediately, following the methylene blue Injection.

H. J. Henriques and I have showed that teetering not only produces artificial rempitation, but also considerable artificial circulation of the blood.

The arterial blood would quickly become saturated with the lifegiving oxygen. Also, by means of a mask held over the face, or perhapa preferably with a rubber tube put in the patient's windpipe through the mouth, the patient's lungs would be supplied with nearly pure oxygen, containing about 5 per cent, carbon dioxide:

FOUND EFFECTIVE AT BIRTHS

PROF. Yandell Henderson of Yale University found this mixture remarkably effective In, starting breath- ing in new born infants, or in other victims of asphyxia. Such a mixture is now used by most fire department inhalator squads.

The teetering and giving of oxygen would continue Reveral minutes, with the board six to eight seconds in each end-position.

Although the blood is circulated, we find this method alone will not stort the heart of a dead sheep or dead dog.

•

However, with a atethoscope, or, better, the very sensitive electrocardiograph," we would watch for the alightest sign of heart action.

RENEWING THE HEART BEAT

RINGER, Sollman, and others showed 50 years ago that

the isolated heart, removed entirely from the dead body, may be started beating many hours after death. Thus Langendorf started the removed heart of a child dead from pneumonia, 22 hours after the child's death.

It appeared that starting of such heartbeats required pol, only injection or saturation of the arteries of the heart with a proper fluid, but also production in the heart's arteries of actual pressure at least equivalent to a column of water 15 to 20 inches high.

It is borne out in clinics that when the arterial pressure of a patient falls below this point, the heart stops in death. Sollman was even able to produce several beats in a heart by injecting its (caronary) arteries with

FRANCE LOOKS HOPEFULLY TO FLANDIN

BY MORRIS GILBERT · tional revtalon-the charming Ir |

responsibility of the Chamber of

The "Marseillaise" or the "In-Deputies, which to-day can kick ternationale"7

over cabinet after cabinet without losing its own velvety-cushioned seats.

Barricades in the streets of Paris or order, authority, unity? An Insecure government or potent Ministry capable of over- riding the smug Chamber of De putics?

GO

These are worrisome, critical problems that confront the French Third Republic-now over years old as one of her less fu mous statesmen lumbers to the helm of the revolution-menaced government,

Doumergue had demanded: (1) More power for the Premier Min- ister who isn't oven mentioned in the constitution to date. (2) Power to dissolve the Chamber of Deputies in case the Chamber votes down a ministerial proposal. (3) Reservation to the Ministry of the right to propose budgets.

Doumorgue had pointed out that if the Premier could dissolve the Chamber and make the dopu- thes go right out into the cold and. the snow of a national campaign each time they voted down the government, they wouldn't do it Ao often. The insecurity of the French government thus would be abolished.

GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES

PROTEST

to

Premier Flandin

Whether or not Pierre-Etienne Flandin will prove to be France's greatest premier only time can tell, but there isn't the least ques tion that he la the biggest man of the hour in French politics. His six-fcot-six height entitles him to that distinction, literally; and his ability to quickly organize a-KOV- But the "Common Front," com- ernment in the crisis caused by bined Socialists, Communista, and the French form of government, the resignation of Premier Dou- followers of Gaston Bergery, were which seem likely to happen any mergue speaks loudly of hle politi-solidified in opposition Dou-way, will come about in the order cal stature.

A certainly way outlined by the deposed mergue's programme. number of France's fonction chief of government or other COMPROMISES WITH RADICALS nairos" or public servants, teach-wise. The lines are forming and

In forming his new government kinds, had been antagonized by fires.

ers, postmen, petty officials of all M. Flundin stands between two M. Flandin was reported to have the former promler's announced yielded to the Radicals' desire not wish to "discipline" or regiment has grown up with the French A lawyer by profession, Flandin to press for immediate changes in them. Radical-Socialiste, too, had the French constitution. This moved Leftward.

government since his election: in probably will mean at least tem-

1914, when he was only 24, to the House of Deputies as representa- Ulve from the Department of Yon-

قم

porary shelving of Doumergue's Events in the near future may plan to eliminato by constitu- well decide whether alterations in

AVIATOR AND FINANCE EXPERT

Now

JOW where the dead prisoner la boing teetered, the nearness of his heart to one end of the body, and the large legs as compared with the small arms, might well allow suficient pressure to be developed in the head-down position to enable the heart to start without external Injection.

The prisoner would be closely observed for any sign of heartbeat. Yet as there might be none, my surgeon, V. M. Margutti, would be disinfecting the prisoner's left arm, which would be extended to one side, so the tastering · would not interfere unduly with the surgeon.

He would an quickly as possible expose a large artery in the left arm, requiring from one to two minutes. If the heart were not yet started, he would proceed at once to infect a Auid into this artery under pressure, toward the heart.

LIVER EXTRACT USED IN FLUID

SUCH a fluid Injection method was first used by Dr.. George Grile of Cleveland. As carried out by him in 10 human cases, it usually was possible to restart both heart and respiration, but all 10 later died. In most cases the second death came in six to twelve hours, with- out the patient over regaining consciousness,

Our fluid would differ from that of Dr. Grile in consisting principally of human blood, and also in con- · taining heparin, a certain liver extract, for preventing clotting,

As the fluid was injected; epinephrine, a certain extract of adrenal glands, would be added to constrict the amall arteries of the prisoner; so na to be better able to produce the necessary arterial pressure,

While the fluid is boing infected, ft would be desirable to apply intermittent smart · pressure over the heart.

Brief blasts of oxygen blown. Into the lungs are also. valuable. in "bunting" the heart.

Since the heart would be still stopped, these blants -would-be very brief, with about a scond's interval:—If¬ overdone, the pressure and dilation in the lungs apparenty compress the fine capillaries of the lungs.

This would squeeze out the capillary blood, almost completely blocking any possible flow of blood through the Junge. But if, the whole process were properly done, the heart would soon start to bent strongly.

The injection then would be stopped, but artificial respiration would need to be continued until the prisoner. began to breathe by himself.

Next Saturday's Article: Nursing the patient back to health and treating him to save his sanity.

TO END DISSENSION

A FAMOUS SHOE COMES TO HONGKONG.

We have pleasure in advising our customers that we have received supply of the well-known "WHITE CROSS" shoes.

Although most French leadera | ing delegate to the Versailles peace | thoroughly armed and drilled. conservative press, was "to re have come from the provinces, conference in 1919; delegate to the Meanwhile, It is not hearsay but preas trouble and re-establish or Flandia is Paris-born (April 12, League of Nations assembly in fact that the Parla milltary garri- der in the capital, in case of need.”. 1869)-one of the few native Pa-1930 and 1931; and president ofson has been increased in recent Premier landin may be con- risians to rise to power.

the Republican Democratic party, months. This, according to the fronted by that need. around which the centrist force In the House of Deputies rallies. In spite of his life-long amila- While vigorously pursuing his tion with governmental activities, governmental career, he has lived M Flandin has found opportunity fully rounded private life. He to achieve fame in other lines as was married in 1912 and is the well. He is noted as an aviator, father of four children. He col holding pilot's licence 861, and lects prehistoric clay relics, and is during the World War distin- considered the beat grouse shot In guished himself by organizing avia-Europe. tion groups. By 1017 he had es tablished himself as director of the Inter-Allied Aeronautical' service, But it was not as an aviator that he rose to power in the cab inet. Finance, a subject on which

FACTIONS ARE armed

To all his other distinctions, he now adds that of being his coun try's youngest premier-and the one faced by the most complex

he is an authority and considered Internal and International situn-

a modern conservative, furnished tion ainco the month preceding the him wings for his soaring. In World War

of

1924, when he was, ns politicians For Flandin comes to the pre- go, a fuzzy-faced youngster of 35miership at a time when, as never is was drafted to be Minister of before, ugly rumours Commerce in the Marsal Cabinet, house" are bandied about. To bo

"zero a portfolio he resumed for Tardieu, lieve Left-wing spokesmen, the die in 1929-30,-**

months ago was cast for a' read- Pierre Laval gave him his first lute, goose stepping army of young appointment as Minister of Finance fascists to converge on the Elysees in 1931 and a year later took an Palace, or the Qual d'Oreal, or the important part in the Hoover Chamber of Deputies. The "Fran moratorium conversations. When cists," for Instance. (it is charged) Tardieu returned to power in 1932, have even announced their drills, Flandin again was Minister of with weapons, and their plan of Finance in the short-lived cabinet. campaign. To belleve Right-wing spokesmen; the same is true of the Socialist-Communist-Common Front organization.

OTHER IMPORTANT TASKS: His accession to the premiershilp rounds out a careor that has in- It is an old story now that each cluded such important posts as beside accuses the other of being

$12.90

Light-weight Built-In Arch Support. Best loathers.

"WHITE CROSS" shoes have been scientifically designed-us result of over forty years of research by some of the best doctors of chiropody, at our Head Office in Ziln.

There is also a very neat design for Indies. You may wear theso, shoes, 'day in and day out, on the most fatiguing shopping excursion or every day to business, ret your feet will always be walking in delightful comfort. The socrat is the built-in ARCH-SUPPORT. These shoes will also give great relief to sufferers of flat foot in raising Tallen arches.

Call and Sea this Wonderful Bbos,

**Rata

China Buliding, Hongkong

224 Nathan Road, Kowloon.