1934-10-27 — Page 11

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SUPPLEMEND

WHE HONGKONG

TELEGRAPH. SATURDAY: OCTOBER 27, 1934.

ECONOMIC FACTORS BEHIND JEWISH-ARAB CONFLICT

BY MARION

ON RUBINSTEIN

The sons of Sarah and the sonk of Hagar live side by side to-day in Palestine. And every once in a while, the newspapers of the world lat ya know, that these deacondants of the same father Abrahami do not livo in peace, that they fight and kill one another, because each in trying to defend its religious rights against the other.

Contrary to popular belief, the conflict between few and Arab. is not a religious one,

While it is true that events oc- cur periodically which tend to atrengthen that belief, careful in- vestigation proves that these events have been carefully planned to give just that effect, to spread the iden to a world interested in the Holy Land that the Arabs, angered bas cause their Mosque of Omar or some other holy spot hins bean threatened, turned to bloodshed In ̧ defence.

Basically, the renson behind the conflict between Jew and Arab`In Palestine is economic,

To find exactly how true this is, ong has to return to the time before the Jews came back into Palestina to rebuild that country.

•

COUNTRY IN BAD SHAPE.

In his report upon the admini. tration of Palestine for 1920-1926, Sir Herbert Samuel, first high cun- missioner, referring to the state of the country in 1920, said: "Villages have been destroyed; the stock of cattle and horses has been depleted; olive trees have been cut down for fuel for the Turkish troops and military trains; many orange groves left without reign- tion have ceased to bear fruit; there is a general air of powerly and depression,"

In those days, Palestine was # Kad-looking country, wasted aveny, lethargic as the exploited fellahio (pensanta) who plowed it with their crooked stick.

These follahla knew no better. The effendi (aristocrața), who ex- ploited them, told them to be con- tent to work from sunrise until dark for one piastre (five cents) a day, with a few whip lushes thrown in for good measures,

༣

PEASANTS ARE ENSLAVED.

So the fellahin plowed on, ander the hot sun. He was content to

RUG STORE:

British authorities frequently have difficulty in keeping the peace between Arabs and Jews in Pelestine. In this they are aided by the Palestine police, a detail of which is shown an patrol in the top photo. Left below is shown an Arab town official in all his dignity; centre is a British official In the uniformed glory that makes a great impression on the nativan; right is a typical Arab “gangster,” whose services can be bought for a few pisstres.

Spread his abaya (loose cloak) out on the bursting sands, whenever the muezzin called him to prayer and to kucet and thank Allsh for his life, hard us it was.

It is easy to understand how the dolarama sounding music beard in Arab villages; in the coffee houars, where the peasants congregate 16 sminke their nargillaz, in, the fields, where they tend their orange and black coloured sheep, originstal,

It is like the wall of naoul, were made and hidden wells were pleading to be released from tor- | tapped. tare,

MONEY POURS IN.

The River Jordan, which hath both an object of religious respect and one of fear, because it

In 1928, the Intensive programme of reinillding the Holy Land began, when the dews who had esitled returned. there before the war, many other European and Ameri-been can Jews with them.

The land began to flower. The overflows every once in a while, who racks that infested the hillsides bringing tragedy to those were taken out and broken, ronds I have their homes on its banks, was

harnessed and night was turned into day in Palestine.

The radical chango in Palestine was commented upon by the pro [ront high commissioner, Sir Arthur Wauchopo, who last November re- portad: "The economic condition of Palestina remains sound. Many ical industries continjis to enjoy a marked degree of prosperity; there Is considerable activity in the bulld ing trade."

As the £40,000,000 was being received and spent in Palestine, the Arab felluhin found that he was getting his share. New' avenues of work were opening up daily for him. The pay was miraculously high.

BETTER TOILER IN HEAT.

Accustomed to the heat, the Arab peasant could work longer hours than the European immigrant at such labour as building roads, and found that the Jew had plenty of work for him.

And the Arab peasant found that many piastres could ha carned for such work as dredging the potash out of the Dend Sea, pushing certa of valuable chemicals, tearing rocka out of the hills, and making them into vement, building pipos into which the thick oil from Iraq could Bow.

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had exploited, the offendl. found mosques away from you". their wealth vanishing.

musses

In Tel Aviv. the modern city

They used the only weapon left built on sand dunes, the fellabin to them-Inciting the illiterate found that many visitors came from

to religious hatred. It far-off lands. They liked to ride wasn't long before the efferidi- around in carriages and were will-owned newspapere began to bear ing to pay generously.

klaring headlines which told of the menaza that was in the Arab | country.

The pensant found that he could curi for an hour's work. ten piastres and it used to take him ten weeks to earn that. So the Aquare in Tel Aviv and those in Jaffa, in Jerusalem, and in Haifa began to be filled with carriages and smart new Ears, with Arab

drivers.

.

FIND PROFIT EVERYWHERE.

Selling fish, shining shoes, mend- Ing umbrellas, carrying luggage, all proved profitable occupations for the Arab peasants and soon they were thumbing their noses at the offendi,

Back in 1929, the efferili found that the many Arab fellahin were saying to them, "Why should we work for yil for one piastre a day when the Jew paya ua fifteen and twenty and sometimes moro?”

Without the fellahin, whom they

the

The first demonstration in Jerus xalem was a furge. It was like a good neighbourhood flight, with neighbours and relatives on aidalias, encouraging the fighters to more energetic efforts. But in less than an hour, the English polles had dispersed the crowd, taken a few buit:red Arabs to the hospital, and the attempted rist

was over.

So thorough was the organisation of the effendi that a lзlier to this Results of the Jaffa riot were effect, bearing the news that the

more tragic, with some 200 wound- Mosque of Omar in Jerusalem wased and 25 kileg, Including English being burnt by the Jews, was signed soldiers. The shambles in the by the Grand Mafti himself, titular square fronting the Government head of all Arabs, who is in British House was dreadful to res. government pay.

It was read aloud in the village und towns of Palestine prior to the

1920 rials.

DOUBT THEIR LEADERS.

But many of the fellahin, who followed their Arabs leaders in those riots, found that they owed heavy indemnity to the British govern ment afterward for participation in the rioting. So it was difficult to stir enthusiasm for the Best de- mubstration held in Jerusalem last October with the inciting lie. 600,000 Jews from Germany have come to take your land and all your

Arab Executive

The eight-day strike which the organisation is called) then order

ins the effandi

ed was ignored almost antiruly by the pensants in the villages,

The demonstration at Nablus was postponed once and then again. The country-wide demonstration planned for January 6 was called of. The fellahin refited to co- operate in any rioting against the Jown.

All in all, it's not so much a conflict between. Jew and Arab as n clash between the Western and. Eastern civilisations, their stan dards, habits, and manners..

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